scholarly journals Lipid Metabolism and Peroxidation in Broiler Chicks under Chronic Heat Stress

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1206-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Shim ◽  
K. T. Hwang ◽  
M. W. Son ◽  
G. H. Park
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Broiler Chicks

scholarly journals Radical Response: Effects of Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress on Lipid Metabolism in the Avian Liver

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Nima K. Emami ◽  
Usuk Jung ◽  
Brynn Voy ◽  
Sami Dridi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
The Impact

Lipid metabolism in avian species places unique demands on the liver in comparison to most mammals. The avian liver synthesizes the vast majority of fatty acids that provide energy and support cell membrane synthesis throughout the bird. Egg production intensifies demands to the liver as hepatic lipids are needed to create the yolk. The enzymatic reactions that underlie de novo lipogenesis are energetically demanding and require a precise balance of vitamins and cofactors to proceed efficiently. External stressors such as overnutrition or nutrient deficiency can disrupt this balance and compromise the liver’s ability to support metabolic needs. Heat stress is an increasingly prevalent environmental factor that impairs lipid metabolism in the avian liver. The effects of heat stress-induced oxidative stress on hepatic lipid metabolism are of particular concern in modern commercial chickens due to the threat to global poultry production. Chickens are highly vulnerable to heat stress because of their limited capacity to dissipate heat, high metabolic activity, high internal body temperature, and narrow zone of thermal tolerance. Modern lines of both broiler (meat-type) and layer (egg-type) chickens are especially sensitive to heat stress because of the high rates of mitochondrial metabolism. While this oxidative metabolism supports growth and egg production, it also yields oxidative stress that can damage mitochondria, cellular membranes and proteins, making the birds more vulnerable to other stressors in the environment. Studies to date indicate that oxidative and heat stress interact to disrupt hepatic lipid metabolism and compromise performance and well-being in both broilers and layers. The purpose of this review is to summarize the impact of heat stress-induced oxidative stress on lipid metabolism in the avian liver. Recent advances that shed light on molecular mechanisms and potential nutritional/managerial strategies to counteract the negative effects of heat stress-induced oxidative stress to the avian liver are also integrated.

Effects of heat stress on the immune responses of chickens subjected to thermal manipulation in the pre-hatch period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Kőrösi Molnár ◽  
László Kőrösi ◽  
Bence Balázs ◽  
András Gáspárdy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Acute Heat Stress ◽  
Positive Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Embryonic Life ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Heat Stress Tolerance ◽  
32 C 10 ◽  
Thermal Manipulation

AbstractHeat stress affects the performance of poultry species and also induces immunosuppression. Chickens can be treated by thermal conditioning to have better heat stress tolerance. Our purpose was to determine the effect of acute heat stress on the immune response, i.e. antibody production against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and change in the proportion of leukocyte components, in chicks subjected to prenatal heat conditioning. Eighty as-hatched broiler chicks from the same parent stock were used: control (40 chicks incubated at 36.7 °C from days 18–20 of embryonic life) and thermally manipulated (TM) (40 chicks incubated at 38.4 °C from day 18–20 of embryonic life; 4 h/day). The chickens were exposed to heat stress: at day 19 (31 °C/8 h) and at day 35 (32 °C/10 h). The first heat stress (day 19) decreased the lymphocyte counts and significantly increased the heterophil counts (P < 0.05) in both treatments (from 34.25 to 55% in the controls and from 37 to 60.06% in the TM chicks). The second heat stress (day 35) did not alter the heterophil and lymphocyte profiles of the chickens. Before the heat stress, all of the chickens (control and TM) presented the same positive antibody titres to NDV vaccination. After the first heat stress, 50% of the control samples and 40% of samples from the TM chickens were negative. After the second heat stress, 80% of the TM samples were negative.

scholarly journals Dietary Grape (Vitis vinifera) Seed Powder and Zn–Gly Chelate Complex for Mitigating Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens: Growth Parameters, Malondialdehyde, Paraoxonase-1, and Antibody Titer

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Muhammad Israr ◽  
Naila Chand ◽  
Rifat Ullah Khan ◽  
Ibrahim A. Alhidary ◽  
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion

A total of 300 day old broiler chicks (Hubbard) were assigned to 30 floor pens (10 birds per pen) under cyclic heat stress. Three diets including a control, as well as two levels of grape seed powder (GSP) and zinc (OZ) at the rates of 2.5 g/kg GSP + 50 mg/kg OZ and 5 g/kg GSP + 50 mg/kg OZ, were supplied to the broilers for 35 days. According to the results, broiler feed intake improved (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups from 3–5 weeks and on an overall basis compared to the control diet. Body weight increased (p < 0.05) in GSP-5 + OZ-50 during weeks 2–5 and on an overall basis. The findings indicated that feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased (p < 0.05) during week 5 in broilers supplemented with GSP-5 + OZ-50. The antibody titer (HI) against Newcastle disease (ND) was higher (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups compared to control treatment. The value of malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased (p < 0.05) under GSP + OZ diets compared to control. Moreover, paraoxonase (PON1) was higher (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups compared to untreated broilers. In conclusion, GSP + OZ positively supported growth traits, reduced MDA, and augmented PON1 and HI titer against ND in broilers exposed to heat stress.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Gum Phospholipid on Lipid Metabolism in Broiler Chicks

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. An ◽  
C. W. Kang ◽  
H. Nishiyama ◽  
T. Iwata ◽  
K. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Broiler Chicks

scholarly journals Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on regulatory appetite and heat stress protein genes in broiler chickens subjected to heat stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suriya Kumari Ramiah ◽  
Elmutaz Atta Awad ◽  
Nur Izzah Mohd Hemly ◽  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Olubodun Joshua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Broiler Chicks

Abstract This study was conducted to explore the effect of the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) supplement on the regulatory appetite and heat stress (HS) genes in broiler chickens raised under high or normal ambient temperatures. In this study, 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly assigned to 48 battery cages. From day 1, these 48 cages were randomly subjected to four different treatment strategies: Control (wherein, their basal diet included 60 mg/kg of ZnO), ZNONPs 40 (wherein basal diet included 40 mg/kg of ZnONPs), ZnONPs 60 (basal diet included 60 mg/kg of ZnONPs), and ZnONPs 100 (basal diet included 100 mg/kg of ZnONPs). Thereafter, from day 22 to 42, the chickens from each dietary treatment group were subjected to different temperature stresses either normal (23 ± 1 °C constant) or HS (34 ± 1 °C for 6 h/d), which divided them into eight different treatment groups. Our findings revealed that dietary ZnONPs altered the gene expression of cholecystokinin (ileum), heat stress proteins (HSP) 70 (jejunum and ileum), and HSP 90 (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum). The gene expression of ghrelin was affected by the interaction between the ZnONPs concentration and temperature in the duodenum and stomach. More studies are required to elucidate its complex physiological and biochemical functions of the regulation of gene expression within the intestine in heat-stressed broiler chickens.

Ascorbic acid: a limiting nutrient affecting performance and physiological response of broiler chicks under heat stress

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
H.R. Kutlu ◽  
J.M. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Optimum Performance ◽  
Limiting Nutrient

Birds are normally able to synthesize adequate amounts of ascorbic acid (AA). However, there are many indications that under stress they cannot produce enough AA for their metabolic needs. In particular, heat stress has been implicated in increasing birds’ demand for AA (Scott, 1975; Sykes, 1978; Coates, 1984). These reports suggest that conditions may exist in which endogenous AA synthesis of birds is not adequate to meet the physiological needs for optimum performance and that during such conditions exogenous supplementation with AA could be beneficial. This study was conducted to determine if dietary supplemental AA would alleviate heat-induced deterioration in performance and metabolism of broiler chicks and also to characterize the changes in body temperature, thyroid weight and blood components as affected by supplemental AA and/or heating.

scholarly journals KONTROL HEAT STRESS INDEX RUANGAN AYAM BROILER PADA PERIODE BROODING SECARA OTOMATIS BERBASIS ARDUINO-UNO

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Sumerta Yasa ◽  
I Ketut Darminta ◽  
I Ketut Ta
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Brooding Period ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Result Analysis ◽  
Heat Stress Index

ABSTRACTHeat stress index is a combination of two types of temperature and percentage (%) of humidity. The amount of heat stress index will determine the success of broiler breeders especially in the brooding period. If the heat stress index is not fulfilled then the performance of his chickens can be problematic and can even lead to high mortality. Thus it is necessary to control the heat stress index tool, with the problem of how to plan, implement and test results control heat stress index broiler chicks brooding period automatically based on Arduino-Uno is in accordance with the setpoint. The purpose of this study is to plan, implement and obtain test results in accordance with the planning of this heat stress index control system. Methods used experimental research methods, including with 1) the development of system concepts, 2) system planning, 3) implementation of control systems and 4) system testing. The result analysis is done by quantitative descriptive method that is by comparing the planned setpoint value with the value of the test result of the tool. The results show that it is capable of planning, implementing Arduino-based heat stress index system in a broiler chamber / broiler room during the brooding period at the planned set point and in stable condition..Key words : heat stress index, brooding, broilerABSTRAKHeat stress index merupakan kombinasi dua besaran yaitu suhu dan persentase (%) kelembaban. Besaran heat stress index sangat menentukan keberhasilan peternak ayam broiler khususnya pada periode brooding. Apabila heat stress index ini tidak tepenuhi maka performance-nya ayam bisa bermasalah dan malah dapat menyebabkan tingginya kematian. Dengan demikian sangat dibutuhkan alat kontrol heat stress index, dengan permasalahan yaitu bagaimana merencanakan, mengimplemntasikan dan hasil pengujian kontrol heat stress index pada ruang anak ayam broiler periode brooding secara otomatis berbasis Arduino-Uno apakah sesuai dengan setpoint. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah dapat merencanakan, mengimplemntasikan dan memperoleh hasil pengujian yang sesuai dengan perencanaan dari sistem kontrol heat stress index ini. Metode yang dipergunakan metode penelitian eksperimen, diantaranya dengan 1) pengembangan konsep sistem, 2) perencanaan sistem, 3) implementasi sistem kontrol dan 4) pengujian sistem. Analisa hasil dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu dengan membanding nilai setpoint yang direncanakan dengan nilai hasil uji alat. Hasil menunjukkan yaitu mampu merencanakan, mengimplemntasikan sistem kontrol heat stress index berbasis Arduino pada sebuah ruang/kandang ayam broiler pada periode brooding pada setpoint yang direncanakan serta dalam kondisi stabil.Kata kunci : heat stress index, brooding, broiler. 

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