scholarly journals Influence of Essential Oil Components on Growth Performance and the Functional Activity of the Pancreas and Small Intestine in Broiler Chickens

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Jang ◽  
Y. H. Ko ◽  
H. Y. Yang ◽  
J. S. Ha ◽  
J. Y. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Oil Components

scholarly journals The Effect of Administration of a Phytobiotic Containing Cinnamon Oil and Citric Acid on the Metabolism, Immunity, and Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Magdalena Krauze ◽  
Monika Cendrowska-Pinkosz ◽  
Paulius Matuseviĉius ◽  
Anna Stępniowska ◽  
Paweł Jurczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

It was postulated that a phytobiotic preparation containing cinnamon oil and citric acid added to drinking water for chickens in a suitable amount and for a suitable time would beneficially modify the microbiota composition and morphology of the small intestine, thereby improving immunity and growth performance without inducing metabolic disorders. The aim of the study was to establish the dosage and time of administration of such a phytobiotic that would have the most beneficial effect on the intestinal histology and microbiota, production results, and immune and metabolic status of broiler chickens. The experiment was carried out on 980 one-day-old male chickens until the age of 42 days. The chickens were assigned to seven experimental groups of 140 birds each (seven replications of 20 individuals each). The control group (G-C) did not receive the phytobiotic. Groups CT-0.05, CT-0.1, and CT-0.25 received the phytobiotic in their drinking water in the amount of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mL/L, respectively, at days 1–42 of life (continuous application, CT). The birds in groups PT-0.05, PT-0.5, and PT-0.25 received the phytobiotic in the same amounts, but only at days 1–7, 15–21, and 29–35 of life (periodic application, PT). Selected antioxidant and biochemical parameters were determined in the blood of the chickens, as well as parameters of immune status and redox status. The morphology of the intestinal epithelium, composition of the microbiome, and production parameters of chickens receiving the phytobiotic in their drinking water were determined as well. The addition of a phytobiotic containing cinnamon oil and citric acid to the drinking water of broiler chickens at a suitable dosage and for a suitable time can beneficially modify the microbiome composition and morphometry of the small intestine (total number of fungi p < 0.001, total number of aerobic bacteria p < 0.001; and total number of coliform bacteria p < 0.001 was decreased) improving the immunity and growth performance of the chickens (there occurred a villi lengthening p = 0.002 and crypts deepening p = 0.003). Among the three tested dosages (0.05, 0.1, and 0.25 mL/L of water) of the preparation containing cinnamon oil, the dosage of 0.25 mL/L of water administered for 42 days proved to be most beneficial. Chickens receiving the phytobiotic in the amount of 0.25 mL/L had better growth performance, which was linked to the beneficial effect of the preparation on the microbiome of the small intestine, metabolism (the HDL level p = 0.017 was increased; and a decreased level of total cholesterol (TC) p = 0.018 and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) p = 0.007, LDL p = 0.041, as well as triacylglycerols (TAG) p = 0.014), and immune (the level of lysozyme p = 0.041 was increased, as well as the percentage of phagocytic cells p = 0.034, phagocytosis index p = 0.038, and Ig-A level p = 0.031) and antioxidant system (the level of LOOH p < 0.001, MDA p = 0.002, and the activity of Catalase (CAT) p < 0.001 were decreased, but the level of ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) p = 0.029, glutathione p = 0.045 and vitamin C p = 0.021 were increased).

scholarly journals Adding wheat and rapeseed meal to corn-soy diets affects intestinal morphology and nutrient digestibility in broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Amirahmadi ◽  
A.R. Safamehr ◽  
A. Nobakht ◽  
Y. Mehmannavaz
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Thyme Essential Oil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of thyme essential oil and enzyme supplementation on rations with two different energy (wheat or corn) and protein resources (soy or rapeseed meals) on gut morphology and protein digestibility of broiler chickens. Three hundred eighty-four male Ross-308 broiler chickens were used with a 23 factorial arrangement with treatments according to a completely randomized design. The morphological examinations of the intestine were carried out on 1-cm long excised segments from duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Adding wheat to the diet increased small intestine length in birds compared to other feedstuffs (P <0.05). Duodenum crypt depth and jejunum villi length were also higher in groups fed with rations containing wheat (P <0.05). Groups that received thyme essential oil and enzyme supplementation had increased length of the duodenum (P <0.05). However, the two- and three-factor interaction effects were not significant. Protein digestibility was not affected by treatment (P >0.05). Feeding wheat to broiler chickens may increase the surface area for nutrient absorption in the small intestine as compensation for the anti-nutritive activity of non-starch polysaccharides in wheat-based diets. Wheat based diets are expected to be acceptable for broilers when supplemented with appropriate enzymes or thyme essential oil.

Performance of broiler chicken fed diets containing mango (Mangifera indica) fruit reject pulp mixed with maize offal

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
K. T. Orayaga ◽  
A. C. Okolie ◽  
N. B. Asanka ◽  
S. Idede
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Nutrient Density

A number of alternative feedstuff that are affordable and profitable for use in developing countries for animal feeding have been identified and reported. However, some of these alternative feedstuff have low nutrient density, and some with high nutrient density are difficult to process and or preserve. However, it is reported that two different alternative feedstuff could be mixed to improve the nutrient density of the mixture, and be preserved better at the same time. Mango fruit reject pulp has high energy content but cannot be easily sundried and preserved alone, except a carrier is involved. Four (4) experiments were conducted to determine the proximate composition and energy content of mango fruit reject pulp-maize offal mix meal (MFRP-MO); effects of MFRP-MO on growth performance and economics of productions for starter and finisher broiler chickens, carcass characteristics, internal organs and gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) morphometry of finisher broiler chickens. Mango fruit rejects pulp-maize offal mix meal (MFRP-MO) partially replaced maize at 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80% respectively to produce diets coded T1 (0%), T2 (20%), T3 (40%), T4 (60%), T5 (80%), and T1(0%). One hundred and eighty (180) day-old Marshall broiler chicks were grouped into five, with each group replicated three times and a replicate contained 12 birds in completely randomized design (CRD); which were exposed to the diets in a feeding trial that lasted for 28 and 49 days for starter and finisher phases respectively. MFRP-MO contained 9.63% CP, 68.38% NFE and 3320. 41kcal/kg ME. Results of mean growth performance parameters for starter and finisher phases declined from 40% and 20% MFRPMO respectively on parameters including final weight, daily weight gain and FCR. Economic indices were better at 80% MFRP-MO mix replacement of maize; the cost per kg weight gain steadily declined. Percentage feed costs were 32.36 to 39.92% and 53.50 to 62.75% for starter and finisher respectively. The dress percent, major carcass cuts and internal organs were not significantly different. With the exception of large intestine length, which was not significantly different (p<0.05), caeca and small intestine varied in opposite directions: small intestine decreased, while caeca increased as MFRP-MO mix increased. It was concluded that 20% replacement of maize by MFRP-MO mix was optimal for both starter and finishing broiler chickens' growth but 60% was more economical and 60% MFRP-MO mix was recommended.

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