scholarly journals Effect of Feeding High Forage Diets with Supplemental Fat on Blood Metabolites, Rumen Fermentation and Dry Matter Digestibility in Dairy Cows

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
M. Abdullah ◽  
J. W. Young ◽  
H. D. Tyler ◽  
G. Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Supplemental Fat ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Forage Diets

ENERGY SUPPLEMENTATION OF HIGH FORAGE DIETS FOR MID-LACTATION DAIRY COWS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. ROBINSON ◽  
P. L. BURGESS
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Alfalfa Silage ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Forage Diets

Alfalfa silage-based rations containing corn grain, oats or tallow as the primary supplemental energy source were fed to a total of 48 mid-lactation cows in two 56-d experiments. Corn, oats or tallow were mixed with the alfalfa silage and fed ad libitum. A corn-barley-soybean meal-based concentrate was fed twice daily proportional to milk production. Overall rations varied from 55 to 70% alfalfa silage on a dry matter basis. Feed intake was lower for tallow-supplemented cows, whereas milk yield and milk proportions of fat and lactose were similar for cows in all groups. Tallow-supplemented cows produced milk with a lower protein proportion and protein yield was also lower. Tallow-supplemented cows produced milk with major shifts in milk fatty acids from most short-chain fatty acids (<C16:1) to primarily C18:1 as well as C18:0 and C20:0. Parameters of rumen fermentation were similar among all groups and did not suggest a ruminal mechanism for reduced feed intake in spite of the high level of added fat (8.6 and 6.2% of dietary dry matter in exp. 1 and exp. 2, respectively). Isoenergetic substitution of oats for corn had no negative effects on animal performance in these high-forage diets. However, addition of tallow to alfalfa silage at these levels depressed overall animal performance. Key words: Tallow, oats, corn, milk fatty acids, dairy cows

EFFECT OF FEEDING FREQUENCY ON THE UTILIZATION OF HIGH-FORAGE DIETS BY CATTLE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1067-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. RUIZ ◽  
D. N. MOWAT
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Forage Diets

A feedlot trial and a digestion and nitrogen balance trial were carried out to evaluate the effect of feeding one (1 ×) or four times (4 ×) daily on the utilization of two high-forage diets. On a dry matter basis, diet 1 contained 76% alfalfa haylage and 22% high-moisture corn; diet 2 contained 93% corn silage and 4% soybean meal; the balance was composed of mineral and Rumensin premixes. In the feedlot trial, feed was offered ad libitum, and feeding frequency resulted in small differences in eating patterns within diets. Thus, rate of gain, feed intake and conversion were not significantly affected. In the digestion trial, feed intake was restricted to 90% of each individual's maximum intake, which resulted in larger differences in eating patterns between 1 × and 4 × feeding. Under these conditions, feeding frequently increased (P < 0.05) dry matter and organic matter digestibility, as well as N retention (percent of N intake). Increased feeding frequency had no beneficial effects under ad libitum feeding of high-forage diets. However, under restricted feeding, feeding more frequently improved total diet digestibility and nitrogen retention. Key words: Cattle, feeding frequency, digestibility, growth, nitrogen retention

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Alkyl Polyglycoside Supplementation on Lactation Performance, Blood Parameters and Nutrient Digestibility in Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Zhang ◽  
Chunyu Jiang ◽  
Qinghua Gao ◽  
Duanqin Wu ◽  
Shaoxun Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Alkyl Polyglycoside

This study evaluated the effects of alkyl polyglycoside (APG), which is a non-ionic surfactant, on lactation performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites in dairy cows. Twenty dairy cows were randomly divided into four groups and fed a basal diet that included pelleted concentrate, distillers grains, and fresh limpograss. The four treatments included 0, 5.5, 11 and 22 mL APG per kg of pelleted concentrate on a dry matter basis; treatments were defined as APG0, APG5.5, APG11, and APG22, respectively. Dry matter intake was not affected by APG supplementation. There was an increase in milk yield (from 13.96 to 16.71 kg/day) and increases in milk fat (quadratic, p = 0.04), protein (quadratic, p = 0.10), and lactose concentrations (linear, p = 0.07) with increasing APG supplementation. In addition, APG supplementation increased (p ≤ 0.03) the milk fat, protein, solid non-fat, and total solid yields, while the lactose yield increased (linear, p = 0.01) as the APG level increased. Dietary APG supplementation had no effect on nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites. It was concluded that the addition of APG at doses up to 22 mL/kg of pelleted concentrate had positive effects on the milk composition in dairy cows.

Dry matter intake, nutrient selection and milk production of dairy cows grazing rainfed perennial pastures at different herbage allowances in spring

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 923 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Moate ◽  
D. E. Dalley ◽  
J. R. Roche ◽  
C. Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
Selection Differentials

Summary. The effect of herbage allowance (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 kg DM/cow. day) on the consumption of nutrients from herbage and milk production by cows in early lactation, was examined. The experiment was conducted on rainfed perennial ryegrass pastures in September and October 1997 in south-eastern Victoria, Australia. The herbage on offer comprised 64% perennial ryegrass, 21% other grasses, 1% white clover, 5% weeds and 9% dead material on a dry matter (DM) basis. The average pregrazing herbage height was 13 cm, at an estimated pregrazing herbage mass of 3.6 t DM/ha. The herbage on offer was of high quality containing 11.6 MJ metabolisable energy/kg DM, 202 g crude protein/kg DM and 525 g neutral detergent fibre/kg DM. Concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur and chloride were 4.4, 2.2, 4.4, 31.2, 3.5, 2.7 and 11.4 g/kg DM, respectively. As daily herbage allowance per cow increased, dry matter intake increased curvilinearly (P<0.01) from 11.2 to 18.7 kg DM/cow. day. This was associated with a decrease in utilisation of herbage from 54 to 26% and an increase in milk production from 25.9 to 29.1 kg/cow. day. The cows on all treatments grazed for less than 8.7 h/day. The increase in intake was achieved by an increase in the rate of herbage intake from 1.5 to 2.2 kg DM/h for herbage allowances of 20 and 70 kg/cow.day, respectively. Irrespective of herbage allowance, cows selected a diet that was approximately 10% higher in in vitro dry matter digestibility and 30% higher in crude protein than that in the herbage on offer. The neutral detergent fibre content of the herbage selected was lower (P<0.05) than that on offer. The herbage consumed contained more (P<0.05) magnesium, potassium and sulfur, the same amount of calcium and phosphorus and less (P<0.05) sodium and chloride than the herbage on offer. For rainfed perennial pastures in spring, herbage allowance is an important factor in determining voluntary feed intake and production of dairy cows. To achieve 30 L from herbage, without supplementation, high herbage allowances are required. The increase in herbage intake, with increasing herbage allowance, resulted from an increase in rate of dry matter intake and not an increase in grazing time. No relationship was evident between herbage allowance and the selection differentials for in vitro dry matter digestibility, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre. Selection differentials for rainfed perennial pastures in spring are similar to those reported for irrigated perennial pastures in northern Victoria in spring and autumn. When determining nutrient requirements it is important to consider the interaction between herbage intake and nutrient concentration in the herbage.

scholarly journals Effects of Geraniol and Camphene on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
M. Joch ◽  
V. Kudrna ◽  
B. Hučko
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of geraniol and camphene at three dosages (300, 600, and 900 mg l-1) on rumen microbial fermentation and methane emission in in vitro batch culture of rumen fluid supplied with a 60 : 40 forage : concentrate substrate (16.2% crude protein, 33.1% neutral detergent fibre). The ionophore antibiotic monensin (8 mg/l) was used as positive control. Compared to control, geraniol significantly (P < 0.05) reduced methane production with increasing doses, with reductions by 10.2, 66.9, and 97.9%. However, total volatile fatty acids (VFA) production and in vitro dry matter digestibility were also reduced (P < 0.05) by all doses of geraniol. Camphene demonstrated weak and unpromising effects on rumen fermentation. Camphene did not decrease (P > 0.05) methane production and slightly decreased (P < 0.05) VFA production. Due to the strong antimethanogenic effect of geraniol a careful selection of dose and combination with other antimethanogenic compounds may be effective in mitigating methane emission from ruminants. However, if a reduction in total VFA production and dry matter digestibility persisted in vivo, geraniol would have a negative effect on animal productivity.

scholarly journals Responses of Lactating Dairy Cows to Protected Fats or Whole Cottonseed in Low or High Forage Diets

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 3512-3525 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lubis ◽  
H.H. Van Horn ◽  
B. Harris ◽  
K.C. Bachman ◽  
S.M. Emanuele
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Whole Cottonseed ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Forage Diets
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