scholarly journals Effects of a pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) cannery by-product on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing Hanwoo steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Yongjun Choi ◽  
Sangrak Lee ◽  
Youngjun Na
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Feeding Group

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pineapple cannery by-product (PCB) level on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing Hanwoo steers.Methods: The feeding stage was divided into early and late finishing stages. A total of 60 castrated Hanwoo steers (13.9±0.8 months old, 418.8±36.5 kg initial body weight [BW]) were blocked by initial BW and then randomly allotted into 12 pens (five head/pen). The pens were randomly assigned to control (CONT), low PCB (LPCB), or high PCB (HPCB) treatments. These diets contained 0%, 1.5%, or 3.0% of PCB (on a dry matter [DM] basis; as-fed basis was 0%, 10.6%, or 21.2%), respectively.Results: For the early finishing stage, body weight gain (BWG) and average daily gain (ADG) of the CONT and LPCB feeding groups were greater (p<0.05) than those of the HPCB feeding group. In addition, there were linear and quadratic effects on BWG and ADG with increasing dietary PCB level (p<0.05). The gain to feed (G:F) ratio tends to quadratically decrease with an increasing PCB level in the early finishing stage (p = 0.076). Growth performances of late finishing stage were not affected by PCB level. The marbling score of the LPCB feeding group was similar to that of the CONT feeding group. However, there was a linear decrease (p< 0.05) in marbling score and quality grade among treatments as PCB was increased in the diet. In the <i>longissimus</i> muscle free amino acid profile, histidine composition increased linearly (p<0.05) with an increasing level of PCB.Conclusion: The level of PCB 1.5% DM in diet can be used for finishing steers without any adverse effects on growth and carcass performances. However, there were some negative effects on growth and carcass performance in the HPCB feeding group.

scholarly journals Effect of oscillating feeding time and corn processing on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 974-979
Author(s):  
Alejandro E Relling ◽  
David Douglas Clevenger ◽  
Francis L Fluharty
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Corn Processing ◽  
Animal Growth

Abstract The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effect of oscillating feeding time (OFT) and corn processing (CoP) on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. One hundred sixty-five steers (initial body weight [BW] 277.2 ± 27.80 kg) were blocked by initial BW and allotted to 24 pens. Pens within each block were randomly assigned based on a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The two factors were CoP (whole shelled corn vs. ground corn [GC]) and feeding time (FT) (constant FT vs. 2 hours OFT). Animals were fed the same diet, only changing the CoP method depending on the treatment. Feed offered and feed refusals were collected daily. Body weight was collected at starting day of the experiment (d1) and every 28 d until the end of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, animals were harvested in a commercial slaughter facility, and carcass data were collected by a USDA grader. Animal growth performance and carcass characteristics data were analyzed with the PROC Mixed procedure (SAS) using CoP, FT, and their interaction as fixed variables; and treatments × pen within each block and block were considered random variables. There was no CoP by FT interaction differences (P &gt; 0.10) on animal growth performance variables, nor on hot carcass weight, back fat, rib eye area, or the percentage of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat. There was a tendency for an interaction (P = 0.08) for marbling score, where the steers from the GC processing fed on the oscillating time had a lesser marbling score than the other three treatments. Oscillating feeding time improved (P = 0.05) average daily gain; but did not affect (P ≥ 0.11) dry matter intake (DMI), nor carcass characteristics compared with feeding at a similar time every day. There were no effects (P ≥ 0.11) of CoP on growth performance, nor carcass characteristics. In conclusion, a 2-hour oscillation in FT might not decrease steer feedlot performance. This may be due to the high degree of control of DMI with feed bunk management.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding high yielding fodders on growth performance of growing Hilly Brown Bengal goat

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
NR Sarker ◽  
MA Alam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Daily Gain

This study was carried out to evaluate the feeding effect of high yielding fodders (HYF) on feed intake and growth performance of growing Hilly Brown Bengal (HBB) goat. For this purpose, a feeding trail was conducted with 16 growing HBB kids (4 to 5 months) by dividing equally in four groups having four replicates for a period of 75 days. The goats in group T0 (control) received natural grass along with 101.30g concentrates and adlibitum cowpea hay, whereas in group T1, T2 and T3, only natural grass was replaced by BLRI Napier 3, BLRI Napier 4 and Ruzi fodder, respectively. Total dry matter intake (DMI), roughages DMI, crude protein intake (CP), body weight gain (kg), average daily gain (g) and forth night body weight gain (g/day) were studied. Results revealed that, DMI (288.39, 285.71, 293.48 and 301.35 g/day in group T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively), body weight gain (3.60, 3.74, 3.73 and 3.77 kg in group T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively), average daily gain (47.32, 49.16, 49.12 and 48.92 g in group T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively) and feed conversion ratio (6.2, 5.9, 6.0 and 6.1 in group T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively) of HBB kids were not differed significantly (P>0.05) for all the treatment groups. The DMI from roughages (196.2, 193.5, 201.3 and 209.2 g/day in group T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively) and CP intake (38.7, 42.1, 48.3 and 38.8 g/day in group T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively) were significantly varied (P<0.05), while highest CP intake was found in the treatment group T2. Forthnight body weight (g/day) was not significantly (P>0.05) gained with feeding of HYF for all the treatment groups. From this study, it can be concluded that, growing HBB kids could equally be supplied with either BLRI Napier 3 or BLRI Napier 4 or Ruzi fodder in addition to ad libitum cowpea hay for better voluntary feed intake and growth. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 27 (1&2), 2020: P. 73-81

scholarly journals The influence of shade allocation or total shade plus overhead fan on growth performance, efficiency of dietary energy utilization, and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle under tropical ambient conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1034-1041
Author(s):  
Beatriz I. Castro-Pérez ◽  
Alfredo Estrada-Angulo ◽  
Francisco G. Ríos-Rincón ◽  
Víctor H. Núñez-Benítez ◽  
Carlos R. Rivera-Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Quadratic Effect

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of shade allocation and shade plus fan on growth performance, dietary energy utilization and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle under tropical ambient conditionsMethods: Two trials were conducted, involving a total of 1,560 young bulls (289±22 kg BW) assigned to 24 pens (65 bulls/pen and 6 pens/treatment). Pens were 585 m<sup>2</sup> with 15 m fence line feed bunks. Shade treatments (m<sup>2</sup> shade/animal) were: i) limited shade (LS) to 1.2 m<sup>2</sup>shade/animal (LS<sub>1.2</sub>); ii) limited shade to 2.4 m<sup>2</sup> shade/animal (LS<sub>2.4</sub>); iii) total shade (TS) which correspond to 9 m<sup>2</sup>/animal, and iv) total shade equipped with fans (TS+F). Trials lasted 158 and 183 days. In both studies, the average weekly maximum temperature exceeded 34°C.Results: Increasing shade allocation tended (p = 0.08) to linearly increases average daily gain (ADG), and dry matter intake (DMI, quadratic effect, p = 0.03). This effect was most apparent between LS<sub>1.2</sub> and LS<sub>2.4</sub>. Shade allocation, per se, did not affect gain efficiency or estimated dietary net energy (NE). Compared with TS, TS+F increased (p<0.05) ADG, gain efficiency, and tended (p = 0.06) to increase dietary NE. There was a quadratic effect of shade on <i>longissimus</i> area and marbling score, with values being lower (p<0.01) for LS<sub>2.4</sub> than for LS<sub>1.2</sub> or TS. Likewise, marbling score was lower for TS+F than for TS. Percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart (KPH) linearly decreased with increasing shade. In contrast, KPH was greater for TS than for TS+F.Conclusion: Providing more than 2.4 m<sup>2</sup> shade/animal will not further enhance feedlot performance. The use of fans in combination with shade increases ADG and gain efficiency beyond that of shade, alone. These enhancements were not associated with increased DMI, but rather, to an amelioration of ambient temperature humidity index on maintenance energy requirement.

scholarly journals Effects of distillated myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) leaves’ intake on cull ewes’ body weight gain, carcass composition and meat quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e0613
Author(s):  
Souha Tibaoui ◽  
Hadhami Hajji ◽  
Samir Smeti ◽  
Ilyes Mekki ◽  
Ines Essid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion

Aim of study: Cull ewes are characterized by poor body condition, low body weights and tough meat texture. This work aimed to investigate the effect of distillated myrtle leaves (MDL) intake on body weight (BW) gain; carcass characteristics and meat quality of Barbarine cull ewes.Area of study: Northwest of TunisiaMaterial and methods: 27 Barbarine ewes were assigned into 3 groups receiving 500 g of oat hay and 750 g of concentrate control group (C), while they were given concentrate and pellets, containing 87% MDL, as substitute to hay in MHay group; for MConc group, they were fed hay, concentrate and pellets containing 30% MDL in partial substitution to concentrate. At the end of the fattening period (90 days), ewes were slaughtered.Main results: The dry matter intake was higher (p<0.05) for MConc and C groups. The average daily gain was significantly higher for C and MConc than MHay groups (113 and 107 vs. 87 g, respectively). Ewes fed MHay and MConc had a significantly lower feed conversion rate than Control group (12.5 vs. 15.4). Dietary treatment had no significant effect on carcass joint’s weight and proportions. The dressing percentage and carcass tissue composition were similar for all groups. The ultimate pH, water cooking loss and color parameters values were unaffected by the type of diet.Research highlights: These findings revealed that MDL could substitute, in ewes feeding, up to 87% to hay or up to 30% to concentrate without negative effects on body weight, carcass characteristics and meat quality.

Effect of long-term feeding of graded levels of deoxynivalenol on performance, nutrient utilization, and organ health of grower-finisher pigs (35-120 kg)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O Wellington ◽  
Michael A Bosompem ◽  
Lucas A Rodrigues ◽  
Daniel A Columbus
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Final Body Weight

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term feeding of graded levels of DON on performance, nutrient utilization, and organ health of grower-finishing pigs. A total of 240 mixed-sex grower-finisher pigs (35.9 ± 1.1 kg initial body weight) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (6 pigs/pen; 10 pens/treatment) for 77 d. Diets consisted of a control diet without DON (CONT) and diets containing 1, 3, or 5 ppm DON (DON1, DON3, or DON5). Nitrogen-balance was determined in 1 pig/pen during week 6 and 12 of the study. Growth performance measures were taken weekly for average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and gain:feed (GF) until d 77. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 14, 42, 56, and 84 from 1 pig/pen for analysis of indicators of liver and kidney function. On d 7, ADG and ADFI for pigs fed DON3 and DON5 diets were lower (P &lt; 0.05) compared to DON1- and CONT-fed pigs. Overall ADG and ADFI (d 0-77) were lower in DON3- and DON5-fed pigs compared to CONT and DON1 pigs (P &lt; 0.05), with no difference in GF (P &gt; 0.05). Final body weight was reduced in DON3- and DON5-fed pigs (P &lt; 0.05) compared to CONT and DON1, which were not different (P &gt; 0.05). No significant (P &gt; 0.05) treatment effects were observed on carcass characteristics. In the grower-phase, protein deposition (PD) was reduced in DON3 and DON5 pigs compared to CONT and DON1 pigs (P &lt; 0.05). In the finisher phase, PD was not affected by dietary treatment (P &gt; 0.05). There was no effect of dietary treatment on the majority of selected serum chemistry (P &gt; 0.05). In summary, pigs exposed to diets containing &gt; 1 ppm DON had reduced growth performance with little or no effect on nitrogen utilization, organ health, or carcass characteristics, suggesting that the negative effects of DON may be largely due to depressed feed intake.

scholarly journals Fetal programming effects of early weaning on subsequent parity calf performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack L Oattes ◽  
Taoqi Shao ◽  
Parker A Henley ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Feedlot Performance

Abstract Mature Simmental × Angus cows [n = 147; body weight (BW) = 590 ± 72 kg] were used to evaluate the effects of early weaning on subsequent parity calf growth performance and carcass characteristics. Cows were assigned to one of two treatments based on their previous calf’s weaning age: early wean (EW) or conventional wean (CW). Dams assigned to the EW treatment had calves previously weaned at 88 ± 6 d of age, whereas dams assigned to the CW treatment had calves previously weaned at 185 ± 6 d of age. Cow BW and body condition scores (BCS) were monitored during the experiment. All cows were managed as a common group from the onset of the experiment at breeding until final pregnancy check of their next production cycle 462 d later. All calves in the experiment were managed as one group and weaned at a single time point, then feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Initial cow BW was different (P &lt; 0.05), so it was included as a covariate for cow BW analysis. There was a treatment × date interaction (P &lt; 0.01) for cow BW and cow BCS. Cow BW was consistently greater for the EW treatment from day 39 to the end of the experiment (P &lt; 0.01). Cow BCS were not different at the onset of the experiment (P = 0.20), although after breeding and throughout lactation, BCS diverged between treatments and the EW treatment consistently had greater (P &lt; 0.01) BCS than the CW treatment throughout the entire subsequent lactation. Gestation length was not different (P = 0.21) between treatments, yet calf birth BW was greater (P = 0.05) for the EW treatment. Neither artificially inseminated pregnancy percentage nor overall pregnancy percentage was different between treatments (P ≥ 0.61). Despite the greater birth BW for the EW treatment and no difference (P = 0.25) in milk production, weaning BW was not different (P = 0.50) between treatments. Feedlot performance measures were not different (P ≥ 0.13) between treatments, including feedlot arrival weight, final BW, average daily gain, dry matter intake, and gain to feed. Final carcass characteristics were not different (P ≥ 0.33) between treatments, including dressing percentage, hot carcass weight, LM area, 12th rib fat thickness, kidney, pelvic, heart fat percentage, USDA yield grade, and marbling score. Thus, early weaning resulted in improved BW and BCS of cows as well as increased birth BW of subsequent calf, although that did not transpire into differences in postnatal growth performance or carcass traits.

298 The Effects of Chromium Propionate Supplementation to Calf-fed Steers in a Commercial Feedyard on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
Sara J Trojan ◽  
Jerilyn Hergenreder ◽  
Landon Canterbury ◽  
Tyler Leonhard ◽  
John M Long
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Beta Agonist ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Chromium Propionate ◽  
Retreatment Rate ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Crossbred steers [British x Continental x Bos Indicus; n = 1844; initial body weight (BW) = 248 ± 28 kg] were used to evaluate the effects of chromium propionate supplementation to calf-fed steers in a commercial feedyard on growth performance, carcass characteristics and health. Steers were blocked by initial BW; pens were assigned randomly to one of two dietary treatments within block. Treatments, replicated in 15 pens/treatment with 57 to 62 head per pen, included: 1) control, 0 mg supplemental Cr/kg dietary dry matter (DM) (CTL); 2) 0.50 mg supplemental Cr/kg dietary DM (chromium propionate; KemTRACE® Chromium 0.04%, Kemin Industries, Des Moines, IA) (CR). Due to inadvertent oversight, during the final 30 days on feed, CR cattle did not receive trace minerals, vitamins, an ionophore, antibiotic, or ractopamine-hydrochloride. Final BW, average daily gain (ADG) and DM intake did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.25). Gain efficiency was greater (P = 0.03) for CTL than CR (0.16 vs. 0.15). Hot carcass weight and dressing percentage were similar among treatments (P ≥ 0.19). Yield grade was higher for CR than CTL (2.44 vs. 2.27; P &lt; 0.01); 12th-ribfat tended to be greater for CR than CTL (P = 0.09), and longissimus area was greater for CTL vs. CR (P &lt; 0.01). Marbling score tended (P = 0.10) to be greater for CR than CTL. Steers fed CR tended (P = 0.07) to have a greater distribution of prime carcasses than CTL (1.9% vs. 0.07%), and percentage choice carcasses was higher for CR than CTL (67.34% vs. 61. 71%, P = 0.01). Respiratory morbidity (12.20%), and retreatment rate did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.20). In the absence of a beta-agonist, CR steers had higher quality carcasses, and similar ADG and HCW to CTL.

PSVIII-15 Effect of Endovac-Beef vaccination on performance, dietary energetics, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing calf-fed Holstein steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 429-430
Author(s):  
Brooke C Latack ◽  
Pedro H Carvalho ◽  
Richard A Zinn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Infection

Abstract Objectives were to evaluate the influence of ENDOVAC-Beef® (Endovac Animal Health, Columbia, MO) vaccination on calf-fed Holstein steer growth performance, dietary energetics, and carcass characteristics. Fifty Holstein steer calves were utilized in a 322 d trial. Calves were blocked by initial shrunk body weight (134 ±5 kg) and randomly assigned to treatments within weight groups to 10 pens (5 steers per pen, 5 pens per treatment). Five pen groups received the ENDOVAC-Beef vaccination on d 28 and d 56, and the remaining 5 pens did not receive the ENDOVAC-Beef vaccination. All steers were fed the same steam-flaked corn-based growing-finishing diet. Vaccination did not affect (P ≥ 0.10) live weight, average daily gain, and dry matter intake during the 322 d feeding period. However, vaccination increased (P ≤ 0.04) gain efficiency and estimated dietary net energy values (NE) during the first 112 d on feed. Vaccination did not affect (P ≥ 0.14) gain efficiency or estimated dietary NE during the final 112 to 322 d, or over the entire feeding period (1 to 322 d). Vaccination did not affect (P ≥ 0.31) hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, and marbling score. However, vaccinating calf-fed Holstein steers with ENDOVAC-Beef increased (P ≤ 0.01) longissimus muscle area (LMA; 86.5 vs 76.8 cm2) and retail yield (51.3 vs 50.4); but, tended to increase (P = 0.07) carcass fat thickness. Morbidity and pink eye infection were low and not affect by treatment (P ≥ 0.18). We conclude that while vaccinating calf-fed Holstein steers with ENDOVAC-Beef did not have an overall effect on growth-performance, it increased (13%) LMA and retail carcass yield (1.8%).

297 The Effects of Chromium Propionate Supplementation to Yearling Steers in a Commercial Feedyard on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 165-166
Author(s):  
Sara J Trojan ◽  
Jerilyn Hergenreder ◽  
Landon Canterbury ◽  
Tyler Leonhard ◽  
John M Long
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Chromium Propionate ◽  
Respiratory Treatment ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract British crossbred steers [n = 3074; initial body weight (BW) = 358 ± 37 kg] were used to evaluate the effects of chromium propionate supplementation to yearling steers in a commercial feedyard on growth performance, carcass characteristics and health. Steers were blocked by initial BW; pens were assigned randomly to one of two dietary treatments within block. Treatments, replicated in 15 pens/treatment with 75 to 135 head per pen, included: 1) control, 0 mg supplemental Cr/kg dietary dry matter (DM) (CTL); 2) 0.50 mg supplemental Cr/kg diet DM (chromium propionate; KemTRACE® Chromium 0.04%, Kemin Industries, Des Moines, IA) (CR). Final BW (638 vs. 641 kg.), average daily gain, (1.81 vs. 1.82 kg), DM intake (11.02 vs. 11.02 kg) and gain efficiency (0.164 vs 0.165) did not differ between CTL and CR, respectively (P ≥ 0.75). No differences among treatments for hot carcass weight (407 vs. 408 kg., CTL and CR, respectively), dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area, or yield grade were observed (P ≥ 0.15). Twelfth-rib fat thickness tended (P = 0.10) to be greater for CR vs. CTL (1.55 vs 1.29 cm, respectively). A trend (P = 0.10) for marbling score to be higher for CR vs. CTL was detected (452 vs. 440, respectively). Distribution of quality grade was similar between CR and CTL; 1.52% of carcasses graded prime (P =0.68), and 87.2% of carcasses graded choice (P = 0.68). Respiratory morbidity was low (1.93%) and not different among treatments (P = 0.20); likewise, there was no difference in respiratory treatment rates between treatments (P ≥ 0.18). Supplementing Cr to high-performing yearling steers did not alter growth performance, carcass characteristics or health outcomes.

scholarly journals Effects of L-carnitine and iron diet supplementations on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood metabolites in fattening pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. PIETRUSZKA ◽  
E. JACYNO ◽  
A. KOLODZIEJ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary L-carnitine supplementation either with or without extra Fe supplementation from Fe-amino acid (Fe-AA) complex on body weight gain, feed conversion, carcass characteristics and blood metabolite concentrations in fattening pigs. The study was carried out with 75 fatteners (30.100 kg body weight), divided into three groups, of 25 pigs each. The control group was given a basal diet that contained 85 mg/kg of Fe from premix. A L-carnitine group was given a basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of L-carnitine, and a L-carnitine+Fe group was given a basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of L-carnitine and 60 mg/kg of Fe from a Fe-AA complex. The supplement of L-carnitine to the diets did not have any effects on the growth performance and carcass traits. The L-carnitine supplement decreased the concentration of triglycerides (p.0.05), cholesterol (p .0.05) and low-density lipoproteins (p .0.01) in the blood serum of pigs, while it increased (p.0.01) the concentration of high-density lipoproteins. The combination of L-carnitine+Fe increased the growth performance of growing pigs (p .0.05) and the lean percentage and fatless ham weight in carcass and also increased (p .0.05) the Fe content in the blood serum and the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs. The results suggest the more effective outcomes can be reached when L-carnitine+Fe rather than only L-carnitine is used in diets.;

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