scholarly journals Utilization of non-conventional feed resources in poultry production : Results of on-farm trials

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ravindran ◽  
H. W. Cyril
Keyword(s):  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals Farmer Willingness to Supply Poultry Litter for Energy Conversion and to Invest in an Energy Conversion Cooperative

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly L. Jensen ◽  
Roland K. Roberts ◽  
Ernie Bazen ◽  
R. Jamey Menard ◽  
Burton C. English
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Economies Of Size ◽  
On Farm

Conversion of poultry litter to energy can serve as a renewable energy source and provide an alternative to land application in areas where poultry production is intensive. Economies of size may limit a farmer's ability to economically use on-farm conversion. Capital costs can be spread across several poultry farmers to convert poultry litter to energy in a centralized facility. This research determined influences on the amount of litter poultry producers will to sell to a centralized conversion facility, on their willingness to invest in a conversion cooperative, and on the prices for litter required to divert litter from current uses.

Assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus loads present in environments impacted by alternative poultry processing operations utilized in pasture-raised poultry production

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corliss A. O'Bryan ◽  
Philip Crandall ◽  
Divya Jaroni ◽  
Steven C. Ricke ◽  
Kristen E. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Processing ◽  
On Farm

AbstractPasture-raised poultry (PP) production systems allow chickens, turkeys or other poultry types to be raised entirely on pasture or in small, open-air moveable pens with access to fresh pasture daily. With an increase in consumer demand for poultry products produced using more humane and potentially environmentally sustainable practices, PP production systems are regaining popularity among farmers across the USA. The majority of research on PP is related to meat quality and forage conditions while the environmental effects have remained largely unstudied. The rotation of poultry on pasture is one of the primary best management practices (BMP) used to avoid over grazing and buildup of excess nutrients and pathogens; however, BMPs for handling and processing of the associated wastes (i.e., wastewater, feathers, offal) related to on-farm processing and mobile poultry processing units (MPPU) are not as well established. Therefore, a study with PP growers in the southern USA was initiated to provide important baseline information on the potential environmental impacts of processing methods used by PP production systems. Here, three farms utilizing on-farm processing were sampled over a 9-month period and two farms utilizing a MPPU pilot plant were sampled over a 3-month period. Soil, compost and wastewater samples were collected during each sampling date for on-farm processing while only wastewater was collected at the MPPU pilot plant. Soil samples (24-cm cores) were analyzed for total nitrogen (TN), Mehlich-3 extractable phosphorus (M3-P) and moisture content. Compost derived from processing wastes was analyzed for TN, total phosphorus (TP), water extractable P and moisture content. Wastewaters were analyzed for total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and TP. Soil TN levels (0.075–0.30%) reported here are comparable with TN levels reported for various soils in the Southeastern USA while M3-P was generally below levels found in agricultural soils subject to conventional poultry litter application based on previously published data. Conversely, TN and TP levels—0.3 to 1.3 and <0.4%, respectively—in compost were well below recommended values (i.e., approximately 2% each of N and P) for compost highlighting an opportunity for PP growers to create a more useful compost for land application. Last, wastewater collected from both, on-farm processing and the MPPU measure TKN and TP levels were much less than conventional processing. Overall, the present study provided baseline data on soil and compost nutrients related to on-farm poultry processing as well as wastewater composition for on-farm processing and MPPUs.

scholarly journals Systematic Mapping of Research on Farm-Level Sustainability in Egg and Chicken Meat Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Gunnarsson ◽  
Katarina Arvidsson Segerkvist ◽  
Lina Göransson ◽  
Helena Hansson ◽  
Ulf Sonesson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Systematic Mapping ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Chicken Population ◽  
On Farm

The sustainability of future poultry production needs to be improved in order to meet global challenges. The global chicken population has expanded significantly in recent decades, due to increased human demand for eggs and chicken meat. Therefore, it is critically important to mitigate challenges to the sustainability of modern poultry production, such as pollution, the depletion of finite natural resources and animal welfare issues. This study systematically mapped the scientific literature on farm-level sustainability in egg and chicken meat production. The concept of sustainability was considered holistically, covering its economic, environmental and social dimensions, each consisting of a broad range of different aspects that may contradict or reinforce each other. The literature published between January 2000 and March 2020 with a geographical focus on Europe, North America and Australia–New Zealand, were included. The literature search resulted in a total of 428 hits, but after the exclusion of articles that did not match the scope of the study, only 26 papers remained for the systematic mapping. Of these, only three papers covered all three dimensions of sustainability. Aspects of economic sustainability were addressed in 10 papers, aspects of environmental sustainability in 18 papers, and aspects of social sustainability in 23 papers. The findings in this study are an important foundation for the discussion and prioritisation of future actions to increase knowledge of farm-level sustainability in egg and chicken meat production.

scholarly journals Senna siamea Seed Provenance of Zimbabwe: A Potential Oleic- and Linoleic-Acid-Rich Dietary Protein and Energy Source for Livestock and Poultry Feeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Ellis Ayayee ◽  
Bayanda Mdoda ◽  
Eliton Chivandi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Senna Siamea ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Gross Energy

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), off-veld ruminant livestock and commercial poultry production fail to meet the demand for meat and eggs. Intensified production to meet the demand requires nutritionally balanced feeds. Competition between humans, livestock and poultry for feed resources present a challenge hence the need for alternative feed resources. Indigenous trees seeds are potential sources of nutrients. Senna siamea, widely distributed in SSA, produces an abundance of seed. We evaluated, by chemical analyses, the potential of hulled (HSSM) and dehulled (DSSM) in S. siamea seed meal to supply nutrients in feeds. DSSM had higher DM, CP, EE, ash, P and gross energy (92.71±0.08%, 47.89±0.03%, 11.39±0.16%, 6.17±0.07%, 1.01±0.03% and 23.13±0.05 MJ/kg DM, respectively) content than HSSM (P<0.05). Amino acids were more concentrated (P<0.05) in the DSSM. HSSM’s CF, NDF, ADF and Ca content was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to that of the DSSM. The DM, CP, EE and gross energy (GE) content (89.48±0.09%, 21.75±0.09%, 4.71±0.41%, and 20.46±0.04 MJ/kg DM, respectively) of the HSSM though lower compared to in DSSM, are within range of conventional plant-derived dietary protein and energy sources for feeds. DSSM’s CP and GE is higher than that of conventional dietary protein and energy sources for feeds. The TSFAs (27.88±1.36% vs 27.53±0.59%) and TPUFAs (50.42±5.18% vs 53.42±2.12%) proportion of the HSSM and DSSM, respectively were similar. HSSM (21.69±0.18%) had a significantly higher proportion of TMUFAs than DSSM (19.03±0.21%). DSSM had a higher concentration of the fatty acids per unit mass since it had more than double EE content of the HSSM. In HSSM and DSSM palmitic (19.18±0.44% vs 18.63±0.37%), oleic (21.15±0.09% vs 18.45±0.01%) and linoleic acid (43.35 vs 50.62%), respectively were the dominant saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. S. siamea seed meals can potentially be exploited as oleic- and linoleic acid-rich dietary energy and protein sources in livestock and poultry feeds.

scholarly journals Insectes des Bâtiments d’élevages avicoles des fermes de Bingerville, Côte d’Ivoire : Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Johnson Félicia ◽  
Gbon Gueu Adolphe ◽  
Boga Jean Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Alphitobius Diaperinus ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
On Farm ◽  
First Time ◽  
Two Sides

This study was conducted in two sides of Bingerville (Abatta and Anna) in southern Côte d'Ivoire. The objective was to inventory the entomofauna of poultry farms in order to verify the presence of Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebionidae) in Côte d'Ivoire. It also aimed to establish correlation between Alphitobius diaperinus density in livestock buildings and the loss on poultry production. Thirty (30) poultry buildings were investigated during 3 months. A survey questionnaire on farm characteristics, diseases and mortality was submitted to farmers. The poultry litter was collected, transported to the laboratory and excavated. Insects were determined and counted. A total of 19661 insects were collected on both sites. Alphitobius diaperinus accounts for 96.63% of collected insects. The statistical comparison showed that A. diaperinus is the most representative insect (P <0.0001). This insect is unevenly distributed in chicken farms (n = 89, F = 3.67, and P ˂ 0.00001). Out of 18998 Alphitobius diaperinus collected, a total of 14362 (75.60%) were recorded in the column of feeders and waterers, and only, 4636 (24.40%) off feeders and waterers’. The study also revealed a strong correlation (R = +0.88) between the density of A diaperinus and the loss on chicken production due to avian diseases such as Gumboro, Newcastle, and Mareck. This insect is suspected to be the vector of these aggressive diseases of poultry. Our results reveal for the first time, the effective presence of Alphitobius diaperinus in poultry farms in Côte d'Ivoire.

scholarly journals The Current Status of the Alternative Use to Antibiotics in Poultry Production: An African Perspective

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letlhogonolo Andrew Selaledi ◽  
Zahra Mohammed Hassan ◽  
Tlou Grace Manyelo ◽  
Monnye Mabelebele
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Antibiotic Drugs ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
African Perspective ◽  
Policy Direction ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Farm Biosecurity

Over the years the growth and health of food-producing animals have been enhanced by the use of antibiotics. These have helped reduce on-farm mortalities, lower incidences of diseases and more importantly improve productivity. Generally, the utilization of antibiotics in feed has been reevaluated since bacterial pathogens have established and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can easily be spread within microbial communities. Multiple countries have introduced bans or severe restrictions on the non-therapeutic use of antibiotics. This has therefore warranted the urgent need for alternatives. Africa is facing its own challenges as it has been reported to be one of the continents with the highest number of foodborne diseases with approximately 91 million related diseases and 137,000 death per annum. Stakeholder and policy direction has been put in place to curb this escalation; however, the problem persists. The use of alternatives has been recommended and some successfully used in other countries as well as Africa, including pro- and prebiotics and phytochemicals. This then leads to the core aim of this review which is to (1) determine the extent to which antimicrobial-resistant pathogens have affected Africa, (2) assess the current measures put in place by Africa to reduces antimicrobial resistance and finally (3) explore the alternative use of antibiotics in poultry production. Improved sanitary conditions and farm biosecurity are important alternatives that could be adopted by farmers instead of depending on antibiotic drugs for disease control and prevention.

scholarly journals Rangeland Grazing Strategies to Lower the Dependency on Imported Concentrates in Norwegian Sheep Meat Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5340
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azher Bhatti ◽  
Lars Olav Eik ◽  
Geir Steinheim ◽  
Tormod Ådnøy ◽  
Reinert Horneland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Programming Model ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Landscape Preservation ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Intensive Cropping ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Meat Market

Norway has vast rangeland resources (292,361 km2) with an estimated carrying capacity of nearly four million sheep and lambs, twice the current number. However, the intensive production system currently applied has led to more concentrate dependency, resulting in heavier animals in addition to poorer utilization of rangelands and homegrown feed. Intensive feeding systems indirectly influence the sustainability of ecosystems by promoting intensive cropping that can deplete soil fertility and threaten landscape preservation and biodiversity. By contrast, extensive grazing systems can produce environmentally and animal-friendly food products and contribute to regulating soil health, water and nutrient cycling, soil carbon sequestration, and recreational environments. In this paper, the economics of current sheep feeding practices in Norway, using a linear programming model, were compared with more extensive systems which allow for higher usage of on-farm feed resources. Changes in current sheep farming practices have the potential to increase lamb meat production relative to mutton production, in addition to improving the year-round supply of fresh meat. The investigated alternatives, using the Norwegian White Sheep (NWS) breed, suggest that delayed lambing is useful only on farms with abundant pastures available for autumn feeding. Lambs achieve a better market price than hoggets and mature sheep. Therefore, based on the current Norwegian meat market and price offered per kilogram of meat for lamb, an increase in NWS lamb production improves farm profits. On the other hand, when the aim is on greater use of homegrown feed and rangelands, this can be achieved through hogget production, and the quantity of concentrates required can be reduced substantially.

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