scholarly journals Effects of dietary cation and anion difference on eating, ruminal function and plasma leptin in goats under tropical condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-948
Author(s):  
Thiet Nguyen ◽  
Somchai Chanpongsang ◽  
Narongsak Chaiyabutr ◽  
Sumpun Thammacharoen
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effects of elevated dietary cation and anion difference (DCAD) on dry matter intake (DMI) and ruminal fermentation pattern in lactating dairy goats under tropical conditions.Methods: Ten dairy goats were divided into two groups of five animals each. The groups received diets at different DCAD levels, either a control diet (22.81 mEq/100 g dry matter [DM], DCAD-23) or a DCAD-39 diet (39.08 mEq/100 g DM, DCAD-39). After parturition, DMI and water intake were recorded daily. Ruminal fluid and urine were collected, and nutrient digestibility measurements were carried out at 8th weeks postpartum (PP-8). Blood samples were collected at PP-4 and PP-8 to measure plasma leptin.Results: Dry matter intake/body weight (DMI/BW) at PP-8 of the animals fed the DCAD-39 diet was significantly higher than those fed with DCAD-23 diet (p<0.05). Animals fed with DCAD-39 consumed more water than those fed DCAD-23 over 24 h, particularly at night (p<0.05). Ruminal pH, acetate concentration, and urinary allantoin excretion increased with the DCAD-39 diet, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration was lower with the DCAD-39 diet. On the other hand, other ruminal parameters, such as total volatile fatty acid concentration, propionate molar proportion and acetate/propionate average ratio, were not affected by increased DCAD supplementation. Apparent digestibility was improved by increased DCAD supplementation. Plasma leptin concentration was higher with DCAD supplementation.Conclusion: When feeding goats with DCAD-39 under tropical conditions, an increase in DMI was associated with improved apparent digestibility of nutrients, ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis. An increase in plasma leptin concentration could not explain the effect of high DCAD on DMI.

Effect of dietary lipid inclusion from byproduct-based pellets on dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, and nutrient digestion in finishing beef heifers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faustin Joy ◽  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Paweł Górka ◽  
John McKinnon ◽  
Steve Hendrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lipid Inclusion ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was designed to evaluate dry matter intake (DMI), ruminal fermentation, ruminal digesta outflow, omasal flow of N constituents, and ruminal and total-tract digestibility in response to increasing dietary lipid content derived from high-lipid byproduct-based pellets for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated heifers were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Dietary treatments were iso-nitrogenous with increasing ether extract (EE) concentrations resulting in dietary concentrations of 3.5, 4.2, 4.7, 5.1 and 5.9% of dry matter. Periods were 28 d in duration with the first 19 d used for dietary adaptation and the last 9 d for sample and data collection. Dry matter intake, ruminal pH, omasal flow of N constituents, and SCFA concentrations were not affected by increasing dietary EE content (P ≥ 0.10). Increasing dietary EE content increased outflow of EE from the rumen (P < 0.001). Apparent ruminal and total-tract digestibility of EE increased linearly (P ≤ 0.03) with increasing dietary EE levels. Results indicate that increasing dietary EE content from 3.5 up to 5.9% of DM by including high-lipid byproduct-based pellets does not alter site of nutrient digestibility with no negative effects on nutrient intake, ruminal fermentation, or apparent ruminal and total-tract digestibility.

scholarly journals Effects of Calcium Soaps from Palm, Canola and Safflower Oils on Dry Matter Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Milk Composition in Dairy Goats

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez ◽  
Lizbeth Esmeralda Robles-Jimenez ◽  
Rafael Ayala-Hernández ◽  
Jose Romero-Bernal ◽  
Nazario Pescador-Salas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Traditional Use

This study determined the effect of protected dietary oils on dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility and milk production in dairy goats. Nine Saanen goats were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square design with three periods of 25 days. A basal diet based on barley hay and corn silage was supplemented with 2.7% DM of calcium soaps of either palm (PO), canola (CO) or safflower (SO) oils. Data for dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility and milk production was analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS. Gas production data was analyzed using the procedure of non-linear regression analysis (PROC NLIN) from SAS. Nutrient intakes were not affected by treatments. However, compared with CO, the digestibility of dry matter (653 vs. 552 and 588 g/kg), organic matter (663 vs. 559 and 606 g/kg) and neutral detergent fiber (616 vs. 460 and 510 g/kg) were lowered (p < 0.001) by SO and PO. Compared with CO, in vitro gas production increased (p < 0.001) in PO and SO (174 vs. 201 and 206 mL gas/g incubated DM). Compared with PO and CO, milk production increased (p < 0.001) with SO (0.88 and 0.95 vs. 1.10 kg/d, respectively). With regard to PO and SO, CO decreased fat (34 and 35 vs. 32 g/d) and protein (35 and 38 vs. 30 g/d) in milk. In conclusion, compared to the traditional use of calcium soaps manufactured from PO, protected SO resulted in increased milk yield without negative effects on digestibility and nutrient intake.

CHANGES IN ESTIMATES OF SILAGE DRY MATTER INTAKE OR APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF DM DETERMINATION

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. JONES ◽  
R. E. LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Oven Drying

Apparent digestibility coefficients and voluntary dry matter (DM) intakes by sheep fed 11 silages, comprising 3 corn, 4 legume-grass and 4 corn-hay crop silage mixtures, were estimated when silage DM content was determined by (1) toluene distillation (TD), corrected for volatiles lost into the aqueous distillate, (2) uncorrected TD, (3) freeze-drying (FD), (4) oven-drying (OD) at 40 C and (5) OD at 65 C. Highest nutrient digestibility and DM intake (P < 0.05) data were obtained by the method of corrected TD. DM intake and DM digestibility were underestimated by 7.4 and 12.0%, respectively, when oven-drying at 65 C was compared to corrected TD (P < 0.01). Digestibility coefficients and DM intakes were similar between FD and OD at 40 C. These results suggest that in vivo expressions of silage nutritive value should be based upon corrected TD for silage DM content and that biochemical determinations can be conducted on silage that has been oven-dried at 40 C.

scholarly journals Effects of grain adaptation programs and antimicrobial feed additives on performance and nutrient digestibility of Bos indicus cattle fed whole shelled corn

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Mobiglia ◽  
F R Camilo ◽  
V R M Couto ◽  
F G F Castro ◽  
J S Drouillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of feed additives [monensin (MON); 30 mg/kg of dry matter (DM), and virginiamycin (VM); 25 mg/kg DM] and grain adaptation programs [adding roughage (ROU; sugarcane bagasse) or not (NO-ROU) during the 20-d adaptation period] on performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility of Bos indicus cattle fed finishing diets containing 85% whole shelled corn and 15% of a pelleted protein-mineral-vitamin supplement. In Exp.1, 105 Nellore bulls [initial body weight (BW) = 368 ± 25 kg] were used in a complete randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of two feed additives (MON and VM) associated with two adaptation programs (ROU or NO-ROU during the 20-d adaptation period). Effects of feed additives × adaptation programs were not detected (P ≥ 0.13). Feed additives did not affect dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (G:F) during the 20-d adaptation period (P ≥ 0.35). During the total feeding period (105 d), feeding MON decreased DMI (P ≤ 0.03) compared to VM. Adding sugarcane bagasse to finishing diets during the 20-d adaptation period (ROU) increased ADG (P = 0.05) and G:F (P = 0.03), and tended to increase BW (P = 0.09) compared to NO-ROU. In Exp. 2, ten ruminally cannulated Nellore steers (BW = 268 ± 38 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of the two feed additives used in the Exp. 1 (MON and VM; 5 steers/treatment) on DMI, total apparent digestibility of nutrients, and ruminal fermentation characteristics. No differences in DMI, total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients, and ruminal fermentation characteristics were observed between MON and VM (P ≥ 0.32). An effect of sampling day (P &lt; 0.001) was observed for ruminal pH, which was greater on day 0 compared to day 7, 14, and 21 of the experimental period (P ≤ 0.05). In summary, supplementing monensin and virginiamycin for finishing Nellore bulls fed whole shelled corn diets, resulted in similar growth performance and carcass characteristics. Including sugarcane bagasse to adapt finishing bulls to no-roughage diets containing whole shelled corn is an alternative to increase growth performance.

Effects of barley and corn as sources of silage and grain on dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, and total-tract digestibility in growing beef heifers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
John McKinnon ◽  
Tim A. McAllister ◽  
Gregory B. Penner
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Microbial N

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of barley (BS) or corn (CS) silage when fed with dry-rolled barley (BG), corn (CG), or an equal blend (BCG) of BG and CG for backgrounding cattle. Ruminally cannulated heifers (n=5) were assigned to an incomplete 6 × 6 Latin square design. Treatments contained either BS or CS in combination with BG, CG, or BCG. Samples were collected to determine DMI, ruminal fermentation, total-tract nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen balance. Interactions between cereal silage and cereal grain sources were detected for the molar proportions of propionate and butyrate where the magnitude of change with the type of cereal grain was increased in heifers fed CS relative to BS. Feeding CS increased estimated microbial N production (silage, P = 0.022) and fecal N excretion (silage, P = 0.042) over BS. Diets containing BG had greater DM, OM, starch, and GE digestibility values compared to CG, but values for BCG were not different (grain, P ≤ 0.043). Based on limited silage x grain interactions, use of CS in backgrounding diets may increase microbial N production relative to BS and dry-rolled CG may reduce apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility relative to dry-rolled BG.

ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Amoka Pius ◽  
Tawose O M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea.  N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

scholarly journals Nutrient absorption in lambs fed diets containing different amounts of phosphorus

2013 ◽  
pp. 3444-3451
Author(s):  
René Patiño P ◽  
Tanimara Soares da Silva ◽  
José C. Da Silva Filho ◽  
Mohamed Emad Nasser ◽  
Dorinha Smith Vitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Reliable Parameter

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the effect of increasing P intake on nutrient digestibility, and compare the true and apparent absorption coefficients of P and Ca in lambs. Materials and methods. Twenty-four Santa Ines sheep, with an average weight of 33.6 ± 1.6 kg, were distributed into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/day of supplementary P) with forage: concentrate ratio of 70:30. The study of apparent nutrient digestibility was conducted during the first week, using the total feces collection method. During the second week, after injection of 7.4 MBq of 32P and 7.7 MBq of 45Ca, apparent (AAC) and true (TAC) absorption coefficients of P and Ca were determined. The lambs were kept in metabolic cages. Results. The increase in P intake did not affect (p>0.05) dry matter, crude protein, NDF or ADF digestibility, but the TAC of P and Ca and mineral matter digestibility decreased. The AAC was not affected (p=0.10). A cubic relationship was observed between P intake and TAC (TAC=2.16–1.95X+0.55X2-0.04X3; R2=0.38) and linear relationship with the TAC of Ca (TAC=0.559–0.03X; R2=0.26). TAC and AAC values were different (p<0.001). Conclusions. The increase in P intake doesn’t impact organic matter digestibility, but does affect P and Ca absorption. Apparent digestibility is not a reliable parameter to determine the efficiency of P and Ca absorption.

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