CHANGES IN ESTIMATES OF SILAGE DRY MATTER INTAKE OR APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF DM DETERMINATION

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. JONES ◽  
R. E. LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Oven Drying

Apparent digestibility coefficients and voluntary dry matter (DM) intakes by sheep fed 11 silages, comprising 3 corn, 4 legume-grass and 4 corn-hay crop silage mixtures, were estimated when silage DM content was determined by (1) toluene distillation (TD), corrected for volatiles lost into the aqueous distillate, (2) uncorrected TD, (3) freeze-drying (FD), (4) oven-drying (OD) at 40 C and (5) OD at 65 C. Highest nutrient digestibility and DM intake (P < 0.05) data were obtained by the method of corrected TD. DM intake and DM digestibility were underestimated by 7.4 and 12.0%, respectively, when oven-drying at 65 C was compared to corrected TD (P < 0.01). Digestibility coefficients and DM intakes were similar between FD and OD at 40 C. These results suggest that in vivo expressions of silage nutritive value should be based upon corrected TD for silage DM content and that biochemical determinations can be conducted on silage that has been oven-dried at 40 C.

ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Amoka Pius ◽  
Tawose O M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea.  N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

scholarly journals Self-fed Supplements of Low and Medium Intake for Beef Steers Finished on Pasture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saimon de Souza Souza ◽  
Régis Luis Missio ◽  
Wagner Paris ◽  
Jefferson Felipe Cavazzana ◽  
Marcelo Machado Severo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract The obstacles of using supplementation are related to the cost and labor. Self-fed supplements of low and medium intake can be an option to overcome these problems. However, the nutritive value and pasture yield are crucial to finding the right composition and amount of supplement. We evaluated productive responses of steers receiving self-fed supplements of low and medium intake on Aruana grass pasture. The animal performance, ingestive behavior, and pasture characteristics were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replicates. Twenty-four Aberdeen Angus steers were used as the tester animals. The dry matter intake and nutrient digestibility were evaluated in a 3 x 3 double Latin square repeated over time. The treatments consisted of mineral salt (control), supplementation for intake of 1.5 g/kg body weight (low-intake), and supplementation for intake of 4.0 g/kg body weight (medium-intake). The supplements did not influence the pasture characteristics and ingestive behavior, except the number of bites/day that was higher for the low-intake. Dry matter digestibility and forage intake were not affected by the supplementation, but the total dry matter intake increased for the medium-intake. The average daily gain, stocking rate, and fat thickness gain were higher for the medium-intake. The self-fed supplements of medium-intake increase the total dry matter intake, maximizing the performance of steers on Aruana grass.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF ALFALFA (SARANAC), BROMEGRASS (SARATOGA) AND TIMOTHY (CHAMP, CLIMAX, BOUNTY) FED AS HAY TO GROWING SHEEP

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. SEOANE ◽  
M. CÔTÉ ◽  
P. GERVAIS ◽  
J. P. LAFOREST
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Protein Nitrogen

Forty-five male sheep (31.6 kg average body weight) were used to determine the nutritive value of three cultivars of timothy, (Champ, Climax and Bounty), one of bromegrass (Saratoga) and one of alfalfa (Saranac) fed as hays. Daily dry matter intake of Bounty (76.7 g/kg0.75 per sheep) was similar to that of alfalfa and bromegrass (76.4 and 73.9 g/kg0.75, respectively) and higher (P < 0.01) that that of Champ and Climax (65.1 and 65.8 g/kg0.75, respectively). Apparent nutrient digestibility values were highest for bromegrass, with the exception of protein, nitrogen-free extract and lignin, which were more digestible for alfalfa than for the grasses. Saratoga bromegrass had the highest TDN values and supported the highest average daily weight gains. Protein digestibility was directly related to the crude protein content of the hays (r = 0.98, P < 0.01). The true digestibility of nitrogen was estimated to be 90.12% with a metabolic nitrogen excretion of 4.46 g of N/kg of dry matter intake. Digestibility of cell contents was also directly related to its percentage in the forages (r = 0.97, P < 0.01). Dry matter digestibility was predicted from cell wall components by a summative equation (r = 0.96, P < 0.01). Voluntary dry matter intake (g/kg0.75) was negatively correlated with "water retention capacity" (r = − 0.99, P < 0.01) and with "packed volume" values of the hays (r = − 0.93, P < 0.05). It is suggested that under certain circumstances, the physical characteristics of hays such as density and water retention capacity are factors that influence voluntary intake.

COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE, DIGESTIBILITE ET INGESTION VOLONTAIRE D’ENSILAGES D’HERBES ET DE MAIS PAR DES AGNEAUX

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
J.-C. ST-PIERRE ◽  
J. E. COMEAU
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Composition Chimique ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Chemical analysis, in vivo digestibility and voluntary intake measurements were used to determine the nutritive value of different crops made as silage for sheep. In the first experiment, grass silages contained less N-NH3 than corn–pea silage. Digestible energy intake of grass silage treated with formic acid was higher than that which was untreated. Digestibility, dry matter intake and the nutritive value index were higher for corn–pea silage than for treated or untreated grass silage. In the second experiment, six different silages were made. Corn was harvested at the milk and dough stages of growth and after a frost and was chopped at either 1.3 cm or 0.6 cm. Silage made with corn harvested after a frost and chopped at 1.3 cm and that made with corn harvested at the milk stage and chopped at 0.6 cm had higher N-NH3 content than the others. Fine chopping decreased digestibility of silages harvested at earlier maturity stages but increased the digestible energy of the corn silage harvested after a frost. Voluntary intake was greater with silages harvested at the later dates than with silage harvested at the milk stage.

The effect of wilting berseem and lucerne herbage on voluntary dry-matter intake by buffalo heifers

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yoelao ◽  
M. G. Jackson ◽  
Ishwar Saran
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Lower Water Content ◽  
Practical Implications

SUMMARYTwo changeover experiments, each on eight buffalo heifers, were conducted in two different years to determine the effect of wilting lucerne herbage (Exps. 1 and 2) and berseem herbage (Exp. 2 only) on voluntary dry-matter intake. The dry-matter content of the herbages increased by field wilting from 27 to 50 and from 26 to 44% for lucerne in Exps. 1 and 2 respectively, and from 21 to 31% for berseem. The drymatter intake, nutrient digestibility coefficients, nutritive value index and retention time of undigested residues were determined for each fresh and wilted herbage.Wilting increased the dry-matter intake of lucerne from 2·3 to 2·8 and from 2·1 to 3·5 kg per 100 kg body weight in Exps. 1 and 2 respectively. Berseem dry-matter intake was increased from 2·2 to 3·1 kg per 100 kg body weight. Digestibility coefficients of all nutrients of both herbages increased by 6–20%. Retention times were unaffected by wilting. The nutritive value indices for lucerne and berseem in Exp. 2 increased by 160 and 60% respectively. In Exp. 2, the average loss of herbage dry matter due to wilting was 3·8%. The higher consumption of the wilted herbages is ascribed to their lower water content. The practical implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals Forage legumes included in diets with tropical grasses. II. Dry matter intake and nutrient digestibility

1969 ◽  
Vol 82 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
Ernesto O. Riquelme ◽  
Paul F. Randel
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stylosanthes Guianensis

The effects were determined of the inclusion of a legume (Leucaena leucocephala or Stylosanthes guianensis) at the rate of 10,20 or 40% of the dry matter, as a complement to tropical grass hay containing Cenchrus ciliaris L. and Dicanthium annulatum, on the dry matter intake (DMI), and on in vivo digestibility of the dry matter (DMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD), crude protein (CPD) and acid detergent fiber (ADFD). Dry matter and nutrient digestibility was measured with the total collection technique using lambs in individual pens. Dry matter intake was greater (P < 0.05) as the proportion of legume in the diets increased (1.00, 1.30 and 1.46% kg/d at 10, 20 and 40% of legume, respectively). Between the two legume species evaluated, DMI was greater in animals fed with Stylosanthes guianensis (1.30 kg/d) than ¡n animals fed with Leucaena leucocephala (1.16 kg/d). There were significant differences between the legume species in digestibility of the main feed components except crude protein. The mean values obtained for the diets with Leucaena leucocephala and Stylosanthes guianensis were DMD, 61.88 and 59.36; CPD, 71.37 and 70.26; NDFD, 62.57 and 58.33; and ADFD, 47.71 and 41.48%, respectively.There were no effects on digestibility when the legumes were added at 10 or 20% of the dry matter (means: DMD, 59.3; CPD, 70.5; NDFD, 59.1; and ADFD, 43.0%). However, when the legume constituted 40% of the dry matter, there was an increase in DMD (63.8%), NDFD (63.5%) and ADFD (48 6%), but not in CPD (71.1%). It is concluded that the utilization of legume species, as a complement to grass in diets for ruminants, can improve the productive performance because of increased intake of total digestible nutrients.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary cation and anion difference on eating, ruminal function and plasma leptin in goats under tropical condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-948
Author(s):  
Thiet Nguyen ◽  
Somchai Chanpongsang ◽  
Narongsak Chaiyabutr ◽  
Sumpun Thammacharoen
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effects of elevated dietary cation and anion difference (DCAD) on dry matter intake (DMI) and ruminal fermentation pattern in lactating dairy goats under tropical conditions.Methods: Ten dairy goats were divided into two groups of five animals each. The groups received diets at different DCAD levels, either a control diet (22.81 mEq/100 g dry matter [DM], DCAD-23) or a DCAD-39 diet (39.08 mEq/100 g DM, DCAD-39). After parturition, DMI and water intake were recorded daily. Ruminal fluid and urine were collected, and nutrient digestibility measurements were carried out at 8th weeks postpartum (PP-8). Blood samples were collected at PP-4 and PP-8 to measure plasma leptin.Results: Dry matter intake/body weight (DMI/BW) at PP-8 of the animals fed the DCAD-39 diet was significantly higher than those fed with DCAD-23 diet (p<0.05). Animals fed with DCAD-39 consumed more water than those fed DCAD-23 over 24 h, particularly at night (p<0.05). Ruminal pH, acetate concentration, and urinary allantoin excretion increased with the DCAD-39 diet, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration was lower with the DCAD-39 diet. On the other hand, other ruminal parameters, such as total volatile fatty acid concentration, propionate molar proportion and acetate/propionate average ratio, were not affected by increased DCAD supplementation. Apparent digestibility was improved by increased DCAD supplementation. Plasma leptin concentration was higher with DCAD supplementation.Conclusion: When feeding goats with DCAD-39 under tropical conditions, an increase in DMI was associated with improved apparent digestibility of nutrients, ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis. An increase in plasma leptin concentration could not explain the effect of high DCAD on DMI.

Estimation of intake and apparent digestibility of kleingrass from in situ parameters measured in sheep

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Ferri ◽  
V. V. Jouve ◽  
N. P. Stritzler ◽  
H. J. Petruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Exponential Equation ◽  
Voluntary Intake

AbstractThe voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of kleingrass (Panicum coloratum cv. Verde) were measured in seven periods, comprising one full year. The forage was offered twice a day ad libitum to seven rams, fitted with faeces collection bags; each experimental period was composed of 8 days for adaptation and 8 days for collection of data. The dry-matter (DM) intake (DMI) varied from 36·1 to 64·9 glkg M075, the digestible dry-matter intake (DDMI), from 17·4 to 41·9 glkg M0·75 and the in vivo dry matter apparent digestibility (DMD), from 0·471 to 0·667.Daily samples of offered forage were taken and pooled subsamples from each of the seven periods were incubated in nylon bags in the rumen of three Hereford steers. The data were fitted to the exponential equation: p = a + b (1-e-ct) to estimate p (the proportionate loss of DM at time t of incubation); effective degradability (ED) and lag time (L) were also estimated.The parameters obtained in situ were related to the in vivo results by simple and multiple regression. The correlation coefficients of the rate of degradation (c) and ED with DMI, DDMI and DMD were, respectively, 096 and 0·97; 0·97 and 0·96; 0·86 and 0·88. By including a, b, c and L into a multiple regression analysis, the coefficients of determination (R2) were: DMI: 0·99; DDMI: 0·99 and DMD: 0·91. Within the conditions of this study, the parameters obtained in situ were reasonable estimators of voluntary intake and apparent digestibility.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Dedak Padi Kukus dan Suplementasi MHA (Methionine Hidroxy Analog) terhadap Kecernaan Nutrien Ransum Domba Lokal Jantan

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Wara Pratitis Sabar Suprayogi ◽  
Susi Widyawati ◽  
R. Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility ◽  
Male Sheep

<p><em>The research aimed to know the effect of rice bran steaming and MHA supplementation on the increasing of nutrient digestibility of local male sheep. This research used 12 local male sheeps with average of body weight 10.32 ± 1.02 kg. Treatment of rations were for P0 (60 % king grass + 40 % bran), P1 (60 % king grass +40 % steamed bran), P2 (60 % king grass + 40 % steamed bran + 1 g MHA). Design used in research was  Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in one-way pattern using 3 treatments. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications. Parameters observed were dry matter intake, organic matter intake, dry matter nutritive value index and organic matter nutritive value index.</em><em> The result of treatment P0, P1, and P2 for dry matter intake were 960.024; 909.426; and 926.399 g/head/day respectively, organic matter intake were 825.036; 772.665; and 796.225 g/head/day, organic matter digestibility in percent were 72.424; 73.050; and 73.068, organic matter digestibility in percent were 75.989; 76.306; and 76.239, dry matter nutritive value index were 695.396; 664.392; and 677.654 g/head/day and organic matter nutritive value index were 626.894; 589.985; and 607.649 g/head/day.</em><em> The variance Analysis showed that the usage of steamed rice bran and adding of MHA given non significantly effect (P&gt;0.5) on dry matter intake, organic matter intake, dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, dry matter nutritive value index, and organic matter nutritive value index.</em><em> It can be concluded that the treatments did not affect variables that were measured.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Keyword : </em><em>local male sheep, steamed bran, MHA, digestibility</em><em></em></p>

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