scholarly journals Effects of inclusion level and amino acid supplementation on energy values of soybean oil determined with difference or regression methods in growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1809-1816
Author(s):  
Qiuyun Wang ◽  
Chengfei Huang ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Shuai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Difference Method ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
The Difference

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion level and amino acid (AA) supplementation on energy values of soybean oil (SO) as determined by difference method or regression method when fed to growing pigs.Methods: Thirty-six barrows (initial body weight: 28.0±1.3 kg) were randomly assigned to one of 6 dietary treatments, which included 2 control diets formulated using a basal diet with or without AA supplementation, and 4 experimental diets with 5% or 10% SO addition in the 2 control diets, respectively. All pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for 19 d, and during the last 5 d, total urine and feces production were collected. The nutrient digestibility in diets and the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) values of SO were determined using the difference method and the regression method, respectively.Results: Our results showed that there were no interaction effects (p>0.05) between AA supplementation and SO inclusion levels on energy values of SO and dietary nutrient digestibility. The DE and ME values of SO determined by the difference method were not affected (p>0.05) by AA supplementation, however, the ME value of SO increased (p<0.05) as the inclusion level of SO increased. Moreover, the energy values of SO determined using the regression method were close to those determined using difference method with 10% SO inclusion, but were greater than those obtained using difference method with 5% SO inclusion.Conclusion: We concluded that the DE and ME values of SO increased with the inclusion level but were not affected by AA supplementation in the range of 0% to 10%. The difference method can substitute for the regression method to determine the DE and ME values of SO when the inclusion level is 10%, but not at 5% inclusion level.

scholarly journals Metabolizable Energy of Soybean Meal and Canola Meal as Influenced by the Reference Diet Used and Assay Method

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2132
Author(s):  
Shravani Veluri ◽  
Oluyinka Abiona Olukosi
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Test Protein ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Diet Type

A 21-day experiment was conducted to study the effect of reference diet type and assay method on apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected (AMEn) of soybean meal (SBM) and canola meal (CM). Broilers (n = 240) were allocated to 10 treatments with eight replicates/treatment and three birds/replicate. Treatments included corn-SBM or corn-CM reference diets (RD). To each RD, 300 or 450 g/kg of SBM or CM were added to make a total of eight test diets. For the difference method, AME of SBM and CM substituted at 300 g/kg in corn-CM RD gave greater AME values compared to inclusion in the corn-SBM RD. The AMEn of SBM increased with increase in inclusion level in the corn-CM RD but AMEn of CM decreased with increased inclusion level of CM in the corn-SBM RD. For the regression method, AME and AMEn of the test feedstuffs were greater with corn-CM RD compared with corn-SBM RD. The AME of SBM was not affected by assay method, whereas AME of CM was lower when determined using the regression method. In conclusion, both the reference diet type and assay method influenced assayed AME and AMEn value of test protein feedstuffs and should be considered in cross-studies comparisons.

scholarly journals Digestible and metabolizable energy concentrations and amino acid digestibility of dried yeast and soybean meal for growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Sol Park ◽  
Ayodeji Simeon Aderibigbe ◽  
Darryl Ragland ◽  
Olayiwola Adeola
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Energy values and amino acid (AA) digestibility of dried yeast (DY) and soybean meal (SBM) were determined in 2 experiments with growing pigs. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in DY and SBM. Thirty barrows with a mean initial body weight (BW) of 20.6 kg (SD = 1.04) were assigned to 5 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with period and BW as blocking factors. A reference diet was prepared with corn, canola meal, and soybean oil as energy-contributing ingredients. Four additional diets were prepared by adding 5 and 10% DY or SBM at the expense of energy-contributing ingredients in the reference diet. The ratio of corn, canola meal, and soybean oil was kept consistent across the experimental diets. Each experimental period consisted of 5-d adaptation and 5-d quantitative collection of feces and urine. Test ingredient-associated DE or ME intake (kcal/d) was regressed against test ingredient intake [kg dry matter (DM)/d] to estimate the DE or ME in test ingredients as the slope of linear regression model. The DE in DY was estimated at 3,933 kcal/kg DM, which was not different from the estimated DE in SBM at 4,020 kcal/kg DM. Similarly, there was no difference between DY and SBM in the estimated ME (3,431 and 3,756 kcal/kg DM, respectively). Experiment 2 was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in DY and SBM. Twenty-one barrows with a mean initial BW of 20.0 kg (SD = 1.31) were surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum and assigned to 3 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with BW as a blocking factor. Two semi-purified diets containing DY or SBM as the sole nitrogen source and one nitrogen-free diet (NFD) were prepared. The NFD was used to estimate the basal ileal endogenous losses of CP and AA. Pigs were fed the 3 diets for 5 d as adaptation, followed by 2 d of feeding with ileal digesta collection. The SID of AA, except Gly and Pro, in DY were less (P &lt; 0.05) than in SBM. The SID of indispensable AA in DY ranged from 64.1% for Thr to 85.2% for Arg, and those in SBM ranged from 83.9% for Thr to 91.8% for Arg. In conclusion, energy values of DY are not different from those of SBM, whereas AA in DY are less digestible than in SBM. The estimated DE and ME as well as the SID of AA in DY and SBM can be used in diet formulation for growing pigs using these ingredients.

scholarly journals Effects of Collection Durations on the Determination of Energy Values and Nutrient Digestibility of High-Fiber Diets in Growing Pigs by Total Fecal Collection Method

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengqun Liu ◽  
Ruqing Zhong ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Fei Xie ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fecal Collection

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of collection durations on the energy values and nutrient digestibility of high-fiber diets in growing pigs with a time-based total fecal collection method. A total of 24 barrows (body weight (BW): 31.1 ± 1.5 kg) were allotted to a completely randomized design with three diets. Diets included a corn–soybean meal (CSM) basal diet and two additional diets containing 20% sugar beet pulp (SBP) or defatted rice bran (DFRB) by replacing corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil in the CSM diet, respectively. Each diet was fed to eight barrows for a 7-day adaptation period followed by a 7-day total feces and urine collection period. The 7-day collection duration was divided into three collection phases, namely, phase 1 (days 8 to 11), phase 2 (days 11 to 13), and phase 3 (days 13 to 15). Then, similar portions of feces and urine from the different collection phases were composited into three additional samples (days 8 to 11, days 8 to 13, and days 8 to 15, respectively). The results showed that the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and nutrient in experimental diets decreased linearly as the collection durations increased from a 3-day to a 7-day collection (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in the energy values, GE, and nutrient digestibility of diets and of high-fiber ingredients between the 5-day and 7-day collection durations. In conclusion, this study suggests that a 5-day collection duration is adequate to determine the energy values and nutrient digestibility of high-fiber diets containing SBP or DFRB in growing pigs by the time-based total fecal collection method.

scholarly journals Effect of glycerin on digestibility of diets for pigs determined with different methodologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2803
Author(s):  
Guiomar Helena Verussa ◽  
Anderson Corassa ◽  
Ana Paula Silva Ton ◽  
Cláudia Marie Komiyama ◽  
Douglas Dos Santos Pina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
Inclusion Level

Glycerin is a by-product from the biodiesel chain whose energy value can be beneficial to pig diets. In this study, eight barrows were distributed individually into metabolic cages in a completely randomized block design. The animals were fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15% glycerin from soybean oil and subjected to the methods of total feces and urine collection and chromic oxide marker. We determined the digestibility coefficients (DC); the dietary levels of digestible dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), mineral matter (MM), ether extract (EE), an neutral detergent fiber (NDF); digestible energy (DE); metabolizable energy (ME); and these last two variables corrected for the nitrogen content (DEn and MEn). Digestible OM values increased linearly with glycerin inclusion in the diets. The digestible CP of the diets showed an inversely proportional relationship with glycerin inclusion levels. Digestible MM decreased linearly when determined by the total collection method and quadratically when determined by the marker method. There was a linear increase in the digestible and metabolizable coefficients of energy, DE, DEn, ME and MEn of the diets as the glycerin inclusion level was increased. Inclusion of up to 15% glycerin obtained from soybean oil production increased the digestible fractions of organic matter and energy of the diets.

scholarly journals Excessive heating of 00-rapeseed meal reduces not only amino acid digestibility but also metabolizable energy when fed to growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryane S F Oliveira ◽  
Markus K Wiltafsky-Martin ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Ileal Digestibility

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that both the degree of heating and the time that heat is applied will affect the concentration of DE and ME, and the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in 00-rapeseed meal (00-RSM) fed to growing pigs. The nine treatments were prepared using a conventional 00-RSM that was either not autoclaved or autoclaved at 110 °C for 15 or 30 min or at 150 °C for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, or 18 min. In experiment 1, 20 growing barrows with an average initial BW of 21.2 ± 1.2 kg were randomly allotted to the 10 diets in a replicated 10 × 4 Youden square with 10 diets and four periods in each square. A corn-based basal diet and nine diets containing corn and each source of 00-RSM were formulated. Urine and fecal samples were collected for 5 d after 7 d of adaptation. In experiment 2, nine diets contained one of the nine sources of 00-RSM as the sole source of AA, and an N-free diet that was used to measure basal endogenous losses of AA and CP was formulated. Twenty growing barrows with an initial BW of 69.8 ± 5.7 kg had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum and were allotted to a 10 × 7 Youden square design with 10 diets and 7 periods. Ileal digesta were collected on days 6 and 7 of each 7-d period. Results from the experiments indicated that there were no effects of autoclaving at 110 °C on DE and ME or on AID and SID of AA in 00-RSM, but DE and ME, and AID and SID of AA were less (P &lt; 0.01) if 00-RSM was autoclaved at 150 °C compared with 110 °C. At 150 °C, there were decreases (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) in DE and ME, and in AID and SID of AA as heating time increased. In conclusion, autoclaving at 110 °C did not affect ME or SID of AA in 00-RSM, but autoclaving at 150 °C had negative effects on ME and SID of AA and the negative effects increased as heating time increased.

Concentrations of digestible and metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility by growing pigs may be reduced by autoclaving soybean meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 114621
Author(s):  
Maryane S.F. Oliveira ◽  
Markus K. Wiltafsky ◽  
Su A. Lee ◽  
Woong Bi Kwon ◽  
Hans H. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy

Metabolizable energy values of corn and wheat middlings in broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Dunaway ◽  
Sunday A. Adedokun
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Difference Method ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
The Difference

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate adaptation length (AL) and composition of reference diets on nitrogen (N)-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) in 22-d-old broilers. Birds were allocated to nine treatments (n = 6) consisting of wheat – soybean meal (SBM) (reference diet), corn–wheat–SBM, and wheat middlings (WM)–wheat–SBM (exp. 1), or oats–SBM (reference diet), corn–oats–SBM, and WM–oats–SBM (exp. 2) in conjunction with three AL (12, 8, and 4 d) in a factorial arrangement of treatments (3 × 3). Dry matter (DM), N, energy (En) utilization, and AMEn of corn and WM were determined using the difference method. In exp. 1, birds on the WM–wheat–SBM-based diet had the lowest (P < 0.05) DM, N, and En utilization, as well as AMEn compared with the other two diets. Additionally, AMEn for corn was higher (P < 0.05) compared with that of WM. In exp. 2, N utilization in birds on the corn–oats–SBM-based diet was lower (P < 0.05) compared with birds on the oats–SBM-based diet; however, AMEn of corn and WM was not different. In both experiments, AL was not significantly different. Based on these results, the composition of the reference diet could influence AMEn values of corn and WM in 22-d-old broilers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document