scholarly journals High Prevalence of Sleep Disorders and Associated Comorbidities in a Community Sample of Children with Down Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire A. Hoffmire ◽  
Caroline I. Magyar ◽  
Heidi V. Connolly ◽  
I. Diana Fernandez ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence

611 Sleep Disorders in a Longitudinal Community Cohort of Children with Down Syndrome

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A240-A240
Author(s):  
Nisha Patel ◽  
Timothy Morgenthaler ◽  
Julie Baughn
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Respiratory Sleep Disorders

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 50–79% of children with Down Syndrome (CDS) prompting the development of guidelines to increase early detection of OSA. Cross-sectional survey based data shows that CDS have higher rates of bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, night waking and parasomnias, which are also under-recognized. However, due to increased survival of CDS it may be that OSA treated in childhood returns or worsens, or that CDS may develop other sleep disorders as their life experience and exposure to comorbidities expands. Little is known about sleep disorders across the life span of CDS and screening guidelines leave a gap beyond early childhood. We determined to enhance understanding of respiratory and non-respiratory sleep disorders in a community population of CDS. Methods A retrospective population based observational study of CDS born between 1995–2011 was performed using the Rochester Epidemiology Project database. Medical records from all encounters through July 2020 were reviewed to identify sleep disorders. Sleep diagnoses, sleep test results, and treatments aimed at sleep disorders were recorded. Results 94 CDS were identified with 85 providing consent for research. 54 out of 85 individuals were diagnosed with OSA with 26 diagnosed prior to age 4 and 25 undergoing polysomnography prior to treatment. 26 individuals underwent polysomnography following surgery of which 16 continued to have clinically significant OSA requiring further treatment with secondary surgery, CPAP or anti-inflammatory therapy. Other sleep disorders observed included insomnia (n=16), restless leg syndrome (n=7), periodic limb movement disorder (n=10), idiopathic hypersomnia (n=1), nightmares (n=1), nocturnal enuresis (n=1), bruxism (n=1) and delayed sleep phase disorder (n=1). Most non-OSA sleep disorders were diagnosed during OSA evaluation by sleep medicine providers. However, many children were on melatonin without a formal sleep disorder diagnosis. Conclusion Both OSA and other sleep disorders remain under-diagnosed in CDS. This may be due to lack of validated screening tools that can be administered at the primary care level. Screening recommendations should consider the longitudinal nature of OSA in CDS and the presence of non-respiratory sleep disorders. Adenotonsillectomy is not as effective in CDS and postsurgical polysomnography is warranted along with long term follow-up to assess for further treatment needs. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sleep Disorders in Children with Down Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (-1) ◽  
pp. 413-413
Author(s):  
Mina Gharibzadeh Hizal ◽  
◽  
Sanem Eryilmaz Polat ◽  
Dilber Ademhan ◽  
Nagehan Emiralioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome

scholarly journals Behavioural Features of Cerebral Visual Impairment Are Common in Children With Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma J. Wilton ◽  
Rhodri Woodhouse ◽  
Valldeflors Vinuela-Navarro ◽  
Rachel England ◽  
J. Margaret Woodhouse
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Correct Prediction ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Perceptual Difficulty ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Cerebral Visual Impairment

It is widely recognised that children with Down syndrome have a broad range and a high prevalence of visual deficits and it has been suggested that those with Down syndrome are more likely to exhibit visual perception deficits indicative of cerebral visual impairment. This exploratory study aims to determine the prevalence of behavioural features suggestive of cerebral visual impairment (CVI) occurring with Down syndrome and whether the visual problems can be ascribed to optometric factors. A cohort of 226 families of children with Down syndrome (trisomy 21), aged 4–17, were invited to participate in a validated question inventory, to recognise visual perception issues. The clinical records of the participants were then reviewed retrospectively. A five-question screening instrument was used to indicate suspected CVI. The majority of the 81 families who responded to the questionnaire reported some level of visual perceptual difficulty in their child. Among this cohort, the prevalence of suspected CVI as indicated by the screening questionnaire was 38%. Only ametropia was found to have a significant association with suspected CVI, although this increased the correct prediction of suspected CVI outcome by only a small amount. Results suggest that children with Down syndrome are more likely to experience problems consistent with cerebral visual impairment, and that these may originate from a similar brain dysfunction to that which contributes to high levels of ametropia and failure to emmetropise. It is important that behavioural features of CVI are recognised in children with Down syndrome, further investigations initiated and appropriate management applied.

Evaluation of Sleep Disorders In Children with Down Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Gharibzadeh Hizal ◽  
Sanem Eryılmaz Polat ◽  
Dilber Ademhsn ◽  
Nagehan Emiralioglu ◽  
Ozlem Kiper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome

scholarly journals Congenital heart disease in children with Down syndrome in Afghanistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 312-6
Author(s):  
Abdul Muhib Sharifi ◽  
Abdul Rashid Mansoor ◽  
M. Akbar Ibrahimi ◽  
Abdul Wali ◽  
Wali Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Medical University

Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is frequently cited as the main cause of death in the pediatric Down syndrome (DS) population. The prevalence and spectrum of CHD patterns in DS varies widely worldwide; this variation could be due to sociodemographic, genetic, and/or geographic factors. Objective To verify the prevalence, pattern, and frequency distribution of CHD in children with Down syndrome. Methods A three-year retrospective study was conducted in children aged 0-14 years with Down syndrome who underwent echocardiography for possible CHD from January 2014 to December 2016, based on the Pediatric Unit CHD Registry of the Cardiac Research Institute, Kabul Medical University. Clinical, echocardiographic, and outcome data were collected and sorted according to confirmation of the syndrome and echocardiography result.  Results During the three-year study period, 420 DS patients were identified, 286 (68%) of whom had CHDs. The prevalence of isolated and multiple CHD in the 420 children with DS were 38% (160 patients) and 30% (126 patients), respectively. Ventricular septal defect (23%) and atrial septal defect (16.4%) were the most common isolated defects. The combination of VSD and ASD (19.9%) were the most frequent multiple CHDs. The most common associations of CHD were VSD + ASD (19.9%) and VSD + PDA (9%).    Conclusion A high prevalence of CHDs was noted in children with Down syndrome. VSD and ASD are the most commonly diagnosed isolated CHDs in our study. ASD + VSD is the most common multiple CHD pairing.  To our knowledge, this is the first extensive study in Afghanistan to demonstrate the pattern and prevalence of CHD associated with Down syndrome.

scholarly journals Sleep, Function, Behaviour and Cognition in a Cohort of Children with Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Jasneek K Chawla ◽  
Anne Bernard ◽  
Helen Heussler ◽  
Scott Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problem ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Daytime Function ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To describe the sleep problems experienced by children with Down syndrome attending a tertiary sleep clinic and relationship with behaviour, function and cognition. Methods: Data were collected from children with Down syndrome aged 3–18 years old. Carers completed the Abbreviated Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire, Child Behaviour Checklist and Life-Habits Questionnaire at enrolment. Cognitive assessment (Stanford-Binet 5) was undertaken by a trained psychologist. Children received management for their sleep problem as clinically indicated. Results: Forty-two subjects with a median age of 6.8 years (Interquartile Range-IQR 4.5, 9.8) were enrolled. A total of 92% were referred with snoring or symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA), with 79% of those referred having had previous ENT surgery. Thus, 85% of all participants underwent a sleep study and 61% were diagnosed with OSA (OAHI ≥ 1/h). Based on questionnaires, 86% of respondents indicated that their child had a significant sleep disorder and non-respiratory sleep problems were common. Non-respiratory problems included: trouble going to sleep independently (45%), restless sleep (76%), night-time waking (24%) and bedtime resistance (22%). No significant correlations were found between sleep measures (behavioural and medical sleep problems) and the behavioural, functional or cognitive parameters. Conclusion: Sleep disorders were very common, especially non-respiratory sleep problems. OSA was common despite previous surgery. No association was found between sleep-related problems (snoring, sleep-study-confirmed OSA or non-respiratory sleep problem) and parent-reported behavioural problems, functional impairments or intellectual performance. This may reflect limitations of the measures used in this study, that in this population ongoing problems with daytime function are not sleep related or that a cross-sectional assessment does not adequately take into account the impacts of past disease/treatments. Further research is required to further evaluate the tools used to evaluate sleep disorders, the impact of those disorder on children with Down syndrome and interventions which improve both sleep and daytime function.

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