scholarly journals Phonological Features of the Amharic Variety of South Wəllo

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baye Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Word Boundary ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
The South ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Linguistic Groups ◽  
Cultural Features ◽  
Phonological Rules

This paper examines the phonological features that characterize the Amharic variety spoken in South Wəllo, an area which has been influenced by the diffusion of linguistic and cultural features arising from longstanding contact situations between Semitic and non-Semitic linguistic groups. Data from eight districts of the zone have shown that the South Wəllo variety has 26 consonant and seven vowel phonemes. The consonants are four fewer than that reported of the standard variety. The co-occurrence restrictions of the consonants and the syllable structures are the same as those of the standard variety. However, the phonological rules that operate at morpheme internal, morpheme and word boundary levels are different in the degree of complexity and directionality. These include inter-vocalic lenition of velar stops, word-final weakening of alveo-palatals, coalescence of lowering diphthongs, centering, lowering and fronting of vowels, metathesis of coronals and anteriors, and lexeme specific alternations of homorganic consonants. The description of the facts provides more substantive arguments in favor of the long-held claim that Wəllo constitutes a distinct dialect area.

The syllable boundary in generative phonology

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Marc Picard
Keyword(s):  
Word Boundary ◽  
Phonetic Information ◽  
Syllable Boundary ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Phonological Rule ◽  
Morpheme Boundary ◽  
Phonological Rules

In Natural Generative Phonology (NGP), the only phonological rules are those which describe alternations that take place in environments that can be specified in purely phonetic terms. As indicated by Hooper, these “‘phonetic terms’ refer to phonological features (that have intrinsic phonetic content) and phonological boundaries (that have a necessary and consistent phonetic manifestation)” (1976:14). Any rule which changes phonological features in an environment described in morphosyntactic or lexical terms is not phonological but morphophonemic. Since by definition a phonological rule cannot contain non-phonetic information, this entails, among other things, the exclusion of any boundary that is not determined by phonetic means. In other words, the syllable ($) and the pause (| |) are the only boundaries which can appear in a phonological rule in NGP. The word boundary (# and ##) and the morpheme boundary (+), which are determined by syntactic and semantic means, can only appear in a morphophonemic rule.

scholarly journals Psychiatry in the Sultanate of Oman

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Al-Sinawi ◽  
Samir Al-Adawi
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
The South ◽  
Dominant Language ◽  
Linguistic Groups

The Sultanate of Oman is located in the south-east of the Arabian Peninsula. It has a distinctive history and subcultures. Its seafaring tradition has endowed the country with various ethnic and linguistic groups, with Arabic being a dominant language and Ibadhi being the dominant sect of Islam (Al-Nami, 1971). Oman in the 1970s saw rapid development, triggered by the discovery of oil, which took place under enlightened new political leadership.

DMP VII: Style, symbolism and cultural identity in the Wadi al-Hayat: results of fieldwork in 2008 and 2009

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tertia Barnett ◽  
Farès Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
The South ◽  
Systematic Survey ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Cultural Features

AbstractThis article reports on the results of the 2008 and 2009 field seasons to survey and record rock engravings in the Wadi al-Hayat. The project started in 2004 with the intention of systematically surveying a 160 km long section of the wadi, centred on the Garamantian settlement at Jarma. This was completed in 2009 in collaboration with the Desert Migrations project. Over 600 previously unrecorded engraved panels were identified in 2008–9. These appear to range in date from the early Pastoral period to the post-Garamantian period. Clear links have been noted in previous seasons in the distribution of the engravings with respect to specific topographic and cultural features. The 2008–9 survey showed that rock carvings also mark patterns of movement through the wadi, and that these patterns appear to shift over time between the Pastoral and post-Garmantian periods. Some of the areas investigated provide relatively easy access into the Wadi al-Hayat from the south and may have represented important corridors for the migration of people and animals for thousands of years.In tandem with the systematic survey, a targeted survey of selected Late Pastoral and Garamantian cemetery and settlement sites was undertaken during the 2008 season. No positive relationship was found between rock engravings and Garamantian burial or settlement sites. However, a definite association was demonstrated between rock art and Late Pastoral burials and temporary camp sites.

scholarly journals Phonetic structures of Paiwan

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Chun-Mei Chen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Regional Diversity ◽  
Austronesian Language ◽  
Reference Grammar ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Prosodic Structures ◽  
Phonological Rules

This study focuses upon a detailed description and analysis of the phonetic structures of Paiwan, an aboriginal language spoken in Taiwan, with around 53,000 speakers, Paiwan, a member of the Austronesian language family, is not typologically related to the other languages such as Mandarin and Taiwanese spoken in its geographically contiguous districts, Earlier work on phonological features of Paiwan (Chang, 1999; Tseng, 2003) sought an account in terms of segments and isolated facts about reduplication and stress, without accounting for the possible roles of phrase-level and sentence-Ievel prosodic structures, Government Teaching Material (1993) listed 25 consonants and 4 vowels, without any description of phonetic features and phonological rules, Chang's (2000) reference grammar included 22 consonants and 4 vowels, with a very brief description of 5 phonological rules on single words, Regional diversity and 25 consonants have been mentioned in Pulaluyan's (2002) teaching material; however, no description of phonological rules was found in his material.  

A Comparative Phonological Analysis of Guyanese Creole and Standard American English: A Guide for Speech-Language Pathologists

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1813-1819
Author(s):  
Sulare L. Telford Rose ◽  
Kay T. Payne ◽  
Tamirand N. De Lisser ◽  
Ovetta L. Harris ◽  
Martine Elie
Keyword(s):  
American English ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Educational Decisions ◽  
Standard American English ◽  
Language Difference ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Linguistic Groups ◽  
Available Resources

Purpose Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are responsible for differentially diagnosing a speech or language difference versus disorder. However, in the absence of data on particular cultural or linguistic groups, misdiagnosis increases. This study seeks to bridge the gap in available resources for SLPs focusing on the phonological features of Guyanese Creole (GC), a Caribbean English–lexified Creole. This study addresses the following question: What are the differences between the phonological features of GC and Standard American English (SAE), which may potentially cause SLPs to misdiagnose Guyanese speakers? Method A contrastive phonological analysis was conducted to identify the phonological differences of GC from SAE. Results The study results indicate differences in vowels, dental fricatives, voiced alveolar liquids, voiceless glottal fricatives, voiced palatal glides, consonant clusters, final consonants, and unstressed syllables. Conclusions The findings of this study support the literature that GC is distinct from SAE in its phonology. The results provide SLPs with data to make informed clinical and educational decisions when assessing the linguistic competencies of children from Caribbean backgrounds, specifically GC speakers.

scholarly journals Mekong Delta floating market – cultural features of Vietnamese people in the South of Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Le Van Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
The South ◽  
Southern Culture ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Cultural Complex ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Cultural Features

Vietnamese people, in the process of conquering the new land – Mekong Delta, joined other ethnic minorities of Vietnam blood in not only turning the land once uncultivated into fertile plains, into granaries of the whole country, but also created a cultural complex on the basis of inheriting traditional cultural values. The process of territorial expansion, sovereignty establishment, sovereignty enforcement and sovereignty protection is a process of adaptation and creativity of the Vietnamese in the new environment. It was the process of co-existence and conquest of the new land that formed the Southern culture with disparities in comparison with other cultural areas in Vietnam, which the researchers call "rural civilization", "river civilization". When it came to talking to the South, river areas were always mentioned. The communities there knew how to effectively exploit the elements of water not only to make their own cultural features, but also to contribute to socio-economic development. "Floating" markets were closely associated with the activities of "commerce on river" – an economic activity deeply engraved with the stamp of a cultural region which moulded the own specific culture of the South. Our paper presents the floating market in the Mekong River delta – cultural characteristics of the Vietnamese in the South of Vietnam.

Agriculture and Foodways

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Andrew Chittick
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Rice Fish ◽  
Cultural Features

Chapter 3, “Agriculture and Foodways,” undertakes the first of two case studies in the ethnicization of particular cultural features of the Wuren by the peoples of the Central Plains of the Yellow River. It contrasts the millet-, wheat-, meat-, and milk-based foodways and agricultural systems of the Zhongren and Sarbi of the Central Plains with the rice-, fish-, and tea-based foodways of the Wuren and Churen of the Huai and Yangzi valleys and regions further south. By the fifth and sixth centuries the Central Plains discourse had ethnicized these differences, seeing them as both physiologically inherent and politically salient. Migration of some Central Plains people (Zhongren) into the south did not appreciably change this discourse.

scholarly journals The South Estonian language islands in the context of the Central Baltic area

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-72
Author(s):  
Miina Norvik ◽  
Uldis Balodis ◽  
Valts Ernštreits ◽  
Gunta Kļava ◽  
Helle Metslang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The South ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Text Collections ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Estonian Language ◽  
Baltic Area ◽  
Comparative Information ◽  
Over Time

This article offers a comparative analysis of several morphosyntactic and phonological features in the South Estonian language islands: Leivu, Lutsi, and Kraasna. The objective is to give an overview of the distribution of selected features, their (in)stability over time, and discuss their form and use in a broader areal context. To achieve this goal, comparative information was also included from the closest cognate varieties (Estonian and the South Estonian varieties, Courland Livonian and Salaca Livonian) and the main contact varieties (Latgalian, Latvian, and Russian). The data analysed in this study originated from various sources: text collections, dictionaries, and language corpora. The results reveal a multitude of linguistic patterns and distribution patterns, which means that the studied varieties are similar to / different from one another in various ways and points to multifaceted contact situations and outcomes in this area. Kokkuvõte. Miina Norvik, Uldis Balodis, Valts Ernštreits, Gunta Kļava, Helle Metslang, Karl Pajusalu, Eva Saar: Lõunaeesti keelesaared Kesk-Balti mõjuväljas. Artikkel esitab lõunaeesti keelesaarte – Leivu, Lutsi ja Kraasna – mitme morfosüntaktilise ja fonoloogilise joone võrdleva analüüsi. Uurimuse eesmärgiks on anda ülevaade valitud joonte levikust ja püsivusest ajas ning arutleda nende vormide ja kasutuse üle laiemas areaalses kontekstis. Selleks võetakse arvesse lähimate sugulaskeelte (eesti ja lõunaeesti, Kuramaa ja Salatsi liivi) ja -murrete ning tähtsamate kontaktkeelte (latgali, läti, vene) esinemusi. Analüüsitakse erinevatest allikatest, mh tekstikogudest, sõna- raamatutest ja keelekorpustest pärit ainest. Uurimistulemused toovad esile mitmesuguseid vormiseoseid ja muutuste levikuviise, osutades uuritud keelte ja murrete omavaheliste kontaktide mitmelaadsusele ning sellest tingitud erinevatele keelesüsteemi arengutele.

scholarly journals On the phonological boundary between constituents of modern Icelandic compound words

Linguistica ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janez Orešnik
Keyword(s):  
Word Boundary ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Morpheme Boundary ◽  
Phonological Rules

If the word boundary is posited between constituents of Mod­ ern Icelandic compound words, a number of mutually unrelated phonolog­ ical phenomena are accounted for without any extra machinery (say, in the structure of rules). However, I have not been able to prove that any Modern Icelandic phonological phenomena actually Require the word boundary between constituents of compound words. I could only demonstrate that certain phenomena require SOME boundary between constituents of compound words; if the boundary required in those cases is identified with the morpheme boundary, certain phonological rules of Modern Icelandic have to be complicated in ways which can be avoided when the said boundary is assumed to be a word boundary.

scholarly journals A SKETCH OF THE VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE FROM SOUTHEAST ASIAN PERSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Tri Doi
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
The South ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The North ◽  
Asian Nation ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Cultural Features

As a Southeast Asian nation, Vietnam is a miniature of the languages and cultures of the region thanks to its possession of the most typical features of the languages and cultures of various Southeast Asiannations. Through description and comparison using an inter-disciplinary approach, the paper points outthat due to Vietnam’s special geographical position, its language and culture do contain phenomena which reflect the boundaries of linguistic and cultural features among different subregions in Southeast Asia. Therefore, Vietnam can be regarded as the intermediary for the linguistic and cultural interchange between the North and the South. In other words, from a cultural-linguistic perspective, Vietnam is considered a gateway or a hub of contact among East Asia, Southeast Asia and South Asia.

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