scholarly journals From a history of war into a multicultural urban environment: A cultural impact assessment of the conservation of the Swedish-Russian Fortress of Lappeenranta, Finland

1970 ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Suvi Niinisalo
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Correctional Facility ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

Finland, under Swedish rule at the time, started constructing the Lappeenranta Fortress in the 1720s for defence against an eastern threat. A small town had been founded on the site as early as 1649. In 1741, the Russians invaded the fortress in a fierce battle. Russians, led by Aleksandr Suvorov, started to improve the fortress in the late 18th century. The oldest buildings in the fortress date back to this time. When Finland was annexed into the Russian Empire as an autonomous grand duchy, the fortress was employed as a correctional facility for prisoners. After the Second World War, the fortress was left to deteriorate, but in the 1970s a 30-year conservation project was launched. This article explores the effects of this conservation work on the city of Lappeenranta as well as on its inhabitants.

Bar-Dancing, Palm Wine, and Letters

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-154
Author(s):  
Danielle Porter Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Sense Of Control ◽  
World War ◽  
Palm Wine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

Abstract This article focuses on the militarization of social life and leisure in Brazzaville during the Second World War and argues that efforts to instill a sense of control over the city could only suppress life so much, as many Congolese people were unwilling to completely succumb to the will of the administration in a war that seemed to offer very little to their communities or their city as a whole. Furthermore, drinking and dancing served as opportunities to engage with issues of class and race in the wartime capital of Afrique Française Libre. The history of alcohol consumption in Brazzaville is not simply the story of choosing whether or not to drink (or allow others to drink); rather, it is one of many stories of colonial control, exploitation, and racism that plagued Europe’s colonies in Africa during the Second World War.

scholarly journals Przegląd badań nad historią bibliotek i bibliotekarstwa w Polsce z lat 1945–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 97-139
Author(s):  
Jacek Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Second World War ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Collections ◽  
Historical Resources ◽  
Second World

AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH INTO THE HISTORY OF LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANSHIP IN POLAND IN 1945–2015The author of the article discusses selected academic and popular publications concerning the history of libraries and librarianship in Poland which appeared in 1945–2015. In that period information about the most important historical resources of various Polish libraries and early book collections was made available; in addition, the period was marked by progress in the study of materials originating before the end of the 18th century. Scholars published a range of methodological studies as well as studies dealing with sources, contributing to the development of scholarship. On the other hand, there were too few editions of source materials.After 1989 scholars intensified their efforts to find sources in foreign collections, especially in Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia and Germany. Polish collections kept abroad are yet to be fully researched and have their inventories and catalogues published.The vast body of literature is uneven when it comes to its focus on the various historical periods, regions, subregions and local centres. It comprises publications dealing with the history of libraries, their function and role in culture with regard to the history of the book, and publications focused on the types of libraries or individual libraries — of different traditions, sizes and stature. Scholars also explored the history of home book collections, reading rooms and libraries as well as biographies of librarians and collectors. The quality of the publications varies. There are gaps in, for example, the history of libraries in the former Polish Eastern Borderlands as well as “blank pages” in the historiography of Polish librarianship after the Second World War. There is a visible shortage of quantification of phenomena from the past of libraries, despite the fact that there are some possibilities in this respect. What is also needed is development in comparative studies, also in an international perspective, although this would require Polish historians to become more interested than before in the history of librarianship in other countries.

The Hitler émigrés: the cultural impact on Britain of refugees from Nazism

2004 ◽  
Vol 77 (197) ◽  
pp. 437-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Snowman
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Popular Interest ◽  
Second World

Abstract This article reflects upon some of the issues arising from the author's work on the ‘Hitler émigrés’. It looks in particular at the reasons for the huge recent resurgence of scholarly (and popular) interest in the history of the Second World War, Hitler, Nazism and the Holocaust; the relevance – or otherwise – of the Jewishness of many of the ‘Hitler émigrés’ to what they went on to achieve; and finally culture and identity among asylum-seekers and immigrants, then and now.

scholarly journals Pages of the life of M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky in the material historical sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Ya. B. Blume ◽  
Yu. V. Barshteyn
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Telephone Card ◽  
Second World

Aim. To investigate and to enter into scientific circulation material historical sources related to the biography of M.V. Timofeev-ResSovsky. Methods. The paper used both general scientific (historical, logical) and special (subject-chronological, retrospective) methods. Results and discussion. The role of Kyiv in shaping the future scientific vocation of M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky, the work of a scientist in Germany and the reasons why he did not return to the USSR in the late 1930s, outlines the facts of Timofeev-Ressovsky life after the Second World War. The scientific activity of scientist has been briefly analyzed. Conclusions. The analysis of material historical sources made it possible to investigate and bring into scientific circulation the objects of phaleristics, numismatics (medallic art), philately and a rather rare object of collecting – telephone cards of the Russian Empire, the USSR, Russia, the former GDR and Germany, to tell about some pages of the biography of M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky. Keywords: M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky, history of biology, phaleristics, numismatics, philately, telephone card.

Memory as Rite de Passage. Towards a Postmoralistic Historiography of the Second World War

Itinerario ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelon de Keizer
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
World War ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

As a native of the Netherlands, I have been imbued with an awareness of the history of the Second World War in both Europe and the Pacific ever since I was a child, though I must admit that the Japanese occupation of the Dutch colony in the Dutch East Indies from 1942 to 1945 plays a less important part in my imagination than thefiveyears of German occupation of the Netherlands. My parents and brothers can directly recollect the latter dark period, and I see it vividly in my mind's eye, born (in 1948) and bred as I was in Rotterdam, the city whose centre was razed to the ground by the German air raid in May 1940. The effects of the bombs were still clearly visible during the years in which I was growing up there. Given this double Dutch memory – memory of the hostilities in Europe, and memory of South-East Asia – it hardly seems fortuitous that the Dutch scholar Ian Buruma chose the German and Japanese memory of the Second World War and of the War in the Pacific as the theme for his 1994 publication The Wages of Guilt.

scholarly journals Wojenne i powojenne dzieje banków, ich skarbców i dokumentacji – przykład Komunalnej Kasy Oszczędności powiatu poznańskiego

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Stryjkowski
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Savings Bank ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World ◽  
German Mark

Dokumentacja bankowa jest dzisiaj przedmiotem wielostronnego zainteresowania. Najbardziej istotne było zawsze jej znaczenie praktyczne (dla banku oraz jego klientów). Z biegiem czasu stała się ona także przedmiotem studiów historyków, przede wszystkim gospodarczych. Okazuje się jednak, że materiały wytworzone przez banki i ich administracje posiadać mogą również wartość do innych badań. Badacze zainteresowani końcowym okresem II wojny światowej i walkami o Poznań odnajdą w prezentowanym dokumencie wiele informacji, które rzucą nowe światło na sytuację w mieście oraz pozwolą wczuć się w klimat tamtych dni. Dokument ukazuje ponadto problemy związane z odbudową systemu bankowego oraz wprowadzaniem w stolicy Wielkopolski nowego środka płatniczego – złotego polskiego, który zastąpił obowiązującą dotychczas markę niemiecką. War and post-war history of banks, their vaults and records as exemplified by the Communal Savings Bank of the Poznań county At present, banking documentation is a subject of interest for many parties. The practical value of this documentation has always been of prime importance, both for the bank and for its clients. With time, it also became a subject of interest for historians, particularly those specialized in economy. It turns out, though, that materials created by banks and their administrative bodies can also be of value for other researchers. Researchers interested in the final period of the Second World War and battles for Poznań will find this document informative, as it not only sheds new light on the situation in the city, but will also enable them to feel the atmosphere of those days. The document also shows the problems related to reconstructing the banking system and introducing the new currency, the Polish złoty (which replaced the German mark used until that point), in the capital of Greater Poland.

scholarly journals Failed projects of cossack nationalism ideology in the first half of the 20th century.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Kislitsin ◽  
◽  
Saryn V. Kuchinsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian People ◽  
Class System ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Second World

The article examines four projects of the ideology of Cossack nationalism in the first half of the 20th century in the context of the history of the Cossacks at the pre-revolutionary stage, the functioning of the "All-Great Don Army" during the Civil War, the formation of the emigrant community of the 1920s-1930s, and the emergence of Cossack collaboration during the Great Patriotic War. As an ideological trend, Cossack nationalism was formed on the Don in the first half of the 20th century, even before the revolutionary events of 1917, based on the works of Cossack historians, writers, and publicists. The totality of the nationalist ideas of the Cossack patriots was caused by the general crisis of the class system, the collapse of the Russian Empire, the subsequent raskazachivanie, the emigration of part of the Cossacks and other tragic events for the Cossacks. The main ideologist and practitioner of Cossack nationalism, Ataman Krasnov, was rejected by the White Cossack Military Circle during the Civil War, and after the Second World War was executed in Moscow for treason to the Russian people. At no stage in the development of Russian statehood did the projects of Cossack nationalism receive a logical conclusion in the form of a Cossack political party and in principle were not supported by the broad masses of the Cossacks and, moreover, by the entire Russian people, but the recognition of this fact does not mean the rejection of the Cossack identity. The Cossack idea as a symbol of Russian patriotism has every right to exist in modern conditions.

scholarly journals Citystats and the History of Community and Segregation in Post-Second World War Urban Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
Jordan Stanger-Ross
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Residential Patterns ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

Abstract This article introduces an open access website—citystats.uvic.ca —designed to facilitate historical scholarship on ethnicity in post-Second World War Canada. Citystats offers access to two sociological measures of urban residential patterns, D and P*, applying the measures to the ethnic origins variables in the Canadian census for all urban areas since 1961. D, the index of dissimilarity, is the most common gauge of urban residential patterns, describing the extent to which ethnic groups are evenly (or unevenly) distributed across the city. P*, a measurement of the exposure of groups to one another, provides historians with a summary of the everyday surroundings of urban residents. The article explains the measures and highlights some puzzling patterns in the history of urban Canada, especially the segregation of Jewish Canadians and the relative integration of Aboriginal people. Just as scholars might be expected to know (at least approximately) the number of people comprising the group that they intend to study, they should also, I argue, be aware of their distribution across urban space and their exposure to other urbanites.

scholarly journals Physics at the University of Lviv since the 17th century until the second world war: Addenda to the bibliography

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 47-73
Author(s):  
Andrij Rovenchak ◽  
Olena Kiktyeva ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
History Of Astronomy ◽  
World War ◽  
Experimental Physics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complete Bibliography ◽  
The University ◽  
Second World

Previously, an attempt was made to compile in a series of papers a complete bibliography of works related to physics at the University of Lviv. The period since the foundation of the University in 1661 until the division of the Chair of Physics in 1872 was discussed by Rovenchak (2014). Special attention was paid to the development of theoretical physics, starting from the first professor, Oskar Fabian (Rovenchak 2009), followed by the famous physicist Marian Smoluchowski (Rovenchak 2012), and finally the Interbellum (Rovenchak 2013). The history of astronomy at the University of Lviv, albeit without a special bibliographic section, is presented by Novosyadlyj (2011) and Apunevych et al. (2011). The development of the experimental physics since 1872 still awaits a detailed study. The present paper will provide some additions to this bibliography: firstly with the descriptions of several missing early works from the 17th and 18th century and then, with a presentation of the activity of Wojciech Urbański. It is followed by a couple of works by Oskar Fabian and Marian Smoluchowski. Finally, minor complements to the bibliographic lists from the 1930s will be made, including popular newspaper articles. We strive to present the bibliographic description as completely as possible, in particular by avoiding abbreviations in names and titles, so that readers can extract any information of their interest. All items were examined de visu except for those marked with an asterisk (*) after the number. Przedstawione materiały, dotyczące fizyki na Uniwersytecie Lwowskim na przestrzeni wieków od XVII do XX, będą przydatne dla dalszych badań historii fizyki i bibliografii nauk przyrodniczych w Europie Środkowej i Wschodniej.

scholarly journals Dominikanie tarnobrzescy w czasach II wojny światowej w świetle kroniki zakonnej. Edycja krytyczna

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (26) ◽  
pp. 429-457
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Matyja
Keyword(s):  
Critical Edition ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
World War ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Needy

[The Dominicans in Tarnobrzeg during the Second World War in the light of a monastic chronicle. A critical edition] The aim of the article is to edit an unknown and unused source, i.e. the chronicle of the Tarnobrzeg monastery from 1939–1945. The edition was preceded by a short introduction to the history of the Dominican community in Tarnobrzeg. For the almost entire period of the occupation, Father Fabian Madura was the prior of the monastery in Tarnobrzeg, and in his activities – also for the benefit of the needy – he was characterized by great courage. He acted on many levels: among others he organized aid for the displaced persons from Wielkopolska, or a kitchen for the poorest. He was active in ministry: he founded a choir which performed numerous charity concerts. Other fathers and brothers who lived in the monastery helped him in all the activities. The source delivers a lot of information about the life of monks in Tarnobrzeg and the history of the city in the war period. The entries from September 1939, when the Nazis invaded the city, are particularly interesting, as well as from the turn of July and August 1944 – at that time Tarnobrzeg was „liberated” by the Soviet army. As a result of these activities, many buildings – including those belonging to the Dominicans – were seriously damaged, which is also mentioned in the presented source.

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