scholarly journals Ecce novus: Saint Thomas Aquinas and Dominican Identity at the End of the Fourteenth Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
Marika Räsänen
Keyword(s):  
Saint Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Dominican Order ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
New Era ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Order Of Preachers ◽  
New Interpretation

Thomas Aquinas (1224/25-1274) joined the Order of Preachers around the year 1244 and became one of the most famous friars of this own time. He died in 1274 at the Cistercian monastery of Fossanova where his remains were venerated for almost a hundred years. The Dominicans, who had desired the return of the body of their beloved brother, finally received it by the order of Pope V in 1368. The Pope also ordered that the relics should have been transported (translatio) to Toulouse, where they arrived on 28 January 1369. In this article, I argue that his joining the Order was considered Thomas's first coming, and the transportation of his relics to Toulouse was his second coming to the Order. I will analyse the Office of Translatio (ca.1371) in the historical contexts of the beginning of the Observant reform of the Dominican Order in a period which was extremely unstable regarding both the papacy itself and politics between France and Italy. I will propose that the Office of Translatio inaugurated Thomas as the leader of a new era and the saviour of good Christians in a Christ-like manner. The liturgy of Translatio appears to offer a new interpretation of new apostles, the Dominicans, and the construction of eschatological self-understanding for the Dominican identity. On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

scholarly journals Memling's Portraits of Christ. A Cognitive Approach.

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 245-258
Author(s):  
Lasse Hodne
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Frontal View ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Profile View ◽  
En Face ◽  
Full Face

Previous research conducted by the author revealed a clear preference for profile and half profile view in paintings of secular persons. Frontal view (full-face or en face) was usually restricted to representations of Christ. In this paper, the results will be applied to the study of the paintings of one particular artist: the German-born fifteenth-century painter Hans Memling. Adopting methods from traditional art history as well as cognitive psychology, the aim is to show how Memeling's systematic distinction between sacred and profane, using the frontal view only for representations of Christ, can be explained by reference to psychological studies on the effects and values usually associated with the frontal view of a face. Keywords: Hans Memling, portraits, man of sorrows, holy face.  On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

scholarly journals Teaching and practicing the Quadriga in Medieval Norway: A Reading of Barlaams og Josaphats Saga

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 225-244
Author(s):  
Stefka G. Eriksen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Change ◽  
The Self ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Cognitive Transformation ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Primary Focus

The present volume establishes that Christian liturgy and religious rituals were the main tools for the transformation of the self after the introduction of Christianity in various cultural contexts of medieval Europe. The liturgical ritual was the ultimate arena and outer manifestation of the cognitive and behavioral changes required by individuals and which were inspired in them by the Church. In this article, I will discuss whether the same tools for transformation were relevant in medieval Norway and how self-reflection and cognitive change were triggered not only during the liturgy but also through other activities, such as the reading of literature. The primary focus will be on the medium of the book, here exemplified by an Old Norse translation of the pan-European legend about Barlaam and Josaphat as preserved in its main manuscript Holm Perg 6 fol., c. 1250. By Studying the content of the saga, its narratological structure, and the mise en page of the manuscript, I will argue that the text foregrounded the Christian quadriga model of interpreting and may have served to teach this model to its readers, i.e. members of the upper social class in medieval Norway during the second half of the thirteenth and the beginning of the fourteenth century. This book itself, with its specific mise en page, may thus be seen as a tool assisting in the transformation of the self, in a similar way as the liturgy. Keywords: Barlaams saga, Quadriga, cognitive transformation, mise en page, medieval Norway.  On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

scholarly journals Homo renovatur de die in diem: Transforming Selves and Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Line Cecilie Engh ◽  
Stefka G. Eriksen ◽  
Francis F. Steen
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practice ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Ritual Spaces ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
General Collection

"This special issue of Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia (from now on Acta) interrogates religious practices of reading, writing, praying and engaging with texts, images, architecture, music, and ritual spaces in late antique Rome and medieval Europe. More specifically, it aims to analyze and deepen our understanding of how liturgy and religious practice modeled and modified selves and communities, how they shaped and transformed identities and built communities - both individual and collective, religious and lay".   On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

scholarly journals Imaginative immersion in the Cistercian Cloister

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 133-160
Author(s):  
Line Cecilie Engh
Keyword(s):  
Lectio Divina ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Transformative Experiences ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Biblical Narratives ◽  
Cistercian Monks ◽  
John Cassian ◽  
Santa Maria

This article uses analytical concepts from cognitive science to explore and deepen our understanding of how medieval monastics imagined themselves as characters within biblical narratives. It argues that Cistercian monks - and in particular Bernard of Clairvaux - used techniques of imaginative immersion to enter and blend themselves into biblical viewpoints and events, thereby engaging the monks in epistemically and personally transformative experiences. The article concludes that this served to build community and to enculture monks and converts. Specifically, the article offers a close reading of two of Bernard's liturgical sermons, Sermon Two for Palm Sunday and Sermon Two on the Resurrection, to show how his sermons 1) traverse time and space and 2) blend viewpoints. Examples are also taken from texts by John Cassian, Augustine, Gregory the Great, and William of St. Thierry. Keywords: Bernard of Clairvaux, blended viewpoint, deictic displacement, lectio divina, liturgical time and space.  On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

Finite Subjects in the Ethics

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Renz
Keyword(s):  
Body Problem ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Mind Body Problem ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Finite Minds

This chapter suggests a new interpretation of Spinoza’s concept of mind claiming that the goal of the equation of the human mind with the idea of the body is not to solve the mind-body problem, but rather to show how we can, within the framework of Spinoza’s rationalism, conceive of finite minds as irreducibly distinguishable individuals. To support this view, the chapter discusses the passage from E2p11 to E2p13 against the background of three preliminaries, i.e. the notion of a union between mind and body as it appears in Thomas Aquinas’ refutation of Averroism, Spinoza’s views on knowledge of actually existing things in E2p8c, and the phenomenological character of E2a2-4. It argues that while this view on the human mind does not undermine radical rationalism, it does require its amendment by some irreducibly empirical concessions.

scholarly journals El entendimiento agente según Tomás de Aquino

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Juan F. SELLÉS
Keyword(s):  
Saint Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Knowledge

The "intellectus agens" is the zenith of the theory of the human knowledge according to Saint Thomas Aquinas. It is personal in each human being: one with the being of the human person. Separated from the body, without mixture with it, impassible and always in act. Innate cognoscitive light. It proceeds from God, and from Him it participates natural and supernaturally. Through the "intellectus agens" we are free and responsible. It permits to know everything, because it activates the different human cognoscitive faculties. It uses the innate habits as instruments. It is perpetual, but after this life it will no know as now.

scholarly journals Danielis ludus: Transforming Clerics in the Twelfth Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 197-209
Author(s):  
Nils Holger Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Corporate Identity ◽  
British Library ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Music Drama ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Liturgical Drama ◽  
Book Of Daniel

A twelfth-century so-called liturgical drama (preserved in a unique copy of the thirteenth century, preserved in British Library, London), the Danielis ludus (Play of Daniel), based mainly on chapters 5 and 6 from the Book of Daniel has been much discussed in scholarship. It has been seen by scholars, not least Margot Fassler, as a (music) drama intended to establish a role model for young clerics in connection with ecclesiastical attempts at reforming the celebrations for New Year's in Beauvais, the so-called Feast of Fools. In this article, with consideration also of a recent discussion of the New Year's liturgy, I suggest to understand the Danielis ludus as a liturgical ritual transforming the (corporate) identity of the young clerics who were, undoubtedly, involved in its performance. Keywords: liturgy, drama, the sacred, medieval clerics. On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

scholarly journals Constructing Papal Identity during the Great Western Schism (1378-1417): Pierre Ameil and Papal Funerals

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 113-129
Author(s):  
Joëlle Rollo-Koster
Keyword(s):  
Yale University ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
General Collection

This essay argues that liturgists responded to the Great Western Schism (1378-1417), with liturgical rubrics. During this period, authors were essentially motivated with the recovery of ecclesiastical unity. I will analyze how Pierre Ameil, a contemporary of the Schism and the author of a ceremonial book or ordo attempted to reconstruct unity by developing a new rubric centered on the rituals surrounding the pope's death. By keeping the papal body one, both natural and institutional, Ameil responded to the College of Cardinals whom he knew was responsible for the initiation of the crisis. Contrary to current historiography that sees liturgists building institutional continuity during the Vacant See on the college of Cardinals, the essay proposes that Ameil built continuity on the embalmed papal corpse presenting it as both natural and institutional, at once finite and eternal. Keywords: Great Western Schism, liturgy, body, Papal funerals, senses, Pierre Ameil.  On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Beauty and Metaphysics in the Theory of Saint Tomas Aquinas

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Mahdi Amini
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Saint Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Dominican Order ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
Deep Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theory Base

Metaphysics and beauty are very important and challenging issues in philosophy that have been always noteworthy of philosophers. The relationship between these issues and the condition of these in philosophers's philosophical system is very different and various and every philosopher try to describe this in a specific way. It seems that there are very deep relationship between metaphysics and beauty in the philosophical system of philosophers that metaphysics is a fundamental subject in their philosophical system, because they explain their philosophical issue base on their metaphysical theory. Scholastic philosophers and philosophers of the middle Ages who were affected by Greek philosophy and lived in the Christian World are one group of that philosophers, however this relationship could be different. Saint Thomas Aquinas was a Catholic Priest in the Dominican Order and one of the most important medieval philosophers and theologians who have considered his theory base on metaphysics and theology. So, in this article I try by philosophical analysis method to show how metaphysics and beauty are connected in the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. The results of this Article show that we cannot separate metaphysics and beauty in philosophy of Thomas Aquinas, so study on metaphysics of Thomas Aquinas is required as a prior condition for study on beauty.

scholarly journals During Credo He Shouted "Blessed be […]; now I can hear": Nordic Child Miraculees Interacting with Liturgy

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Rakel Igland Diesen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Image ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Miracle Narratives ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
General Collection

This article focuses on miracle narratives associated with saints originating in the Nordic region, written from the 12th to the 15th century, where a rich collection of images of children present around and inside of churches and at shrines can be found. Many of the tales portray children in devotional activities, giving an indication of how children moved and acted in these spaces. The events described often transpire during prayers and services, and show how children were seen and heard in spaces where liturgical activity shaped the rhythms of the day and the year. By examining how children are presented, as present and participating in these spaces, and by noting the bits of sensory information given in the narratives, this article adds to our mental image of the religious practices as well as sensory experiences of medieval children. Keywords: Medieval children, miracles, Nordic saints, hagiography, sensory experience.  On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

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