scholarly journals The growth and saponin production of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. (Chinese bellflower) hairy roots cultures maintained in shake flasks and mist bioreactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Urbańska ◽  
Joanna Giebułtowicz ◽  
Olga Olszowska ◽  
Wojciech J. Szypuła
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Sucrose Uptake ◽  
Platycodon Grandiflorum ◽  
Mist Bioreactor ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Transgenic Hairy Roots ◽  
Shake Flasks

The growth and saponin accumulation were measured in two lines of transgenic hairy roots of <em>Platycodon grandiflorum</em>, Pl 6 and Pl 17, cultured for 8 weeks in 250-ml shake flasks containing 50 ml of hormone-free woody plant medium supplemented with 40 g/l sucrose and in the Pl 17 line cultured for 12 weeks in a 5-l mist bioreactor containing 1.5 l of the same medium. With both methods, the growth of transgenic hairy roots was assessed as both fresh and dry weight and the biomass growth was correlated with the conductivity and sucrose uptake. The accumulation of saponins was measured and compared with that in roots derived from the field cultivation. The saponin concentrations were significantly higher in the two hairy root lines cultured in shake flasks [6.92 g/100 g d.w. (g%) and 5.82 g% in Pl 6 and Pl 17, respectively] and the line cultured in the bioreactor (5.93 g%) than in the roots derived from the field cultivation (4.02 g%). The results suggest that cultures of <em>P. grandiflorum</em> hairy roots may be a valuable source for obtaining saponins.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ABSCISIC ACID ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF STAGE III ROOTING ARONIA ARBUTIFOLIA (ROSACEAE)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1137f-1137
Author(s):  
Wilfredo Colon ◽  
Mike Kane ◽  
Dewayne Ingram ◽  
Hilton Biggs
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Differences

Stage 2 micropropagules were transferred into woody plant medium supplemented with either 0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 mg/L ABA (Abscisic acid) and with or without 1 mg/L IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid), Significant decreases in total dry weight and shoot length were observed at 1, 10 and 100 mg/L of ABA regardless of IBA concentration, Leaf area was significantly reduced in all treatments by increasing ABA levels. In the absence of IBA no callus formed but lateral roots developed. Another experiment using ABA levels of 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 0, 1 mg/L IBA was conducted. Total number of roots decreased with increasing ABA levels. Adventitious roots which formed on the stem and roots originating from root primordia were observed in all ABA levels with IBA, Callus did not form in the treatments lacking IBA. Scanning electron microscopy was used to document morphological differences due to ABA, Abscisic acid levels in leaf tissue were assayed using immunological techniques.

Isoflavonoid Production in a Hairy Roots Culture of Pueraria candollei

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latiporn Udomsuk ◽  
Kanokwan Jarukamjorn ◽  
Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽  
Waraporn Putalun
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Pueraria Candollei ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Medium Type

A hairy roots culture of Pueraria candollei was established using Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834 and grown in half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The highest production of total isoflavonoids was found to be (36.48 ± 4.09) mg/g dry wt [(3.39 ± 0.20) mg/g dry wt puerarin, (29.91 ± 3.74) mg/g dry wt daidzin, (1.65 ± 0.09) mg/g dry wt genistin, (0.76 ± 0.03) mg/g dry wt daidzein, and (0.76 ± 0.03) mg/g dry wt genistein, respectively]. The total isoflavonoid content in hairy roots of P. candollei was 5.18-fold higher than that of the native tuber. Effects of sucrose content and medium type on growth and isoflavonoid production were investigated. 5% (w/v) Sucrose was an optimum content for the growth and isoflavonoid accumulation in P. candollei hairy roots. Half-strength MS medium had the highest effect for biomass production whereas woody plant medium had mostly stimulated isoflavonoid content in hairy roots

Period of harvest, sprouting ability of cuttings, and in vitro plant regeneration in Fraxinus excelsior

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conceição Eneida Silveira ◽  
Alain Cottignies
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Woody Plant Medium

Propagation by stem cuttings and in vitro culture of apical bud explants were studied on Fraxinus excelsior L. Stem cuttings from 4- to 7-year-old trees growing under natural conditions sprouted only when cuttings were taken from dormant material. Only 6% of those that had sprouted developed roots by the 7th month of culture. Similarly, only apical bud explants harvested during the dormant period sprouted in vitro. Up to 87% of these sprouts developed two to four branching adventitious roots after 5 months of culture. During the initial phase of in vitro culture, the Quoirin and Lepoivre medium and the woody plant medium favoured sprout lengthening. During the phase of multiplication, up to three sprouts per explant developed with the woody plant medium in the presence of a combination of high 6-benzylaminopurine (3.0–4.0 mg∙L−1) and low indole-3-butyric acid (0.01–0.03 mg∙L−1) concentrations. Rooting was obtained in a medium without any growth regulators. Microscopic analysis showed a direct connection between the vascular elements of adventitious roots and stem of plantlet. Chromosome number in root apices of ash plantlets and ash trees grown under natural conditions was 2n = 46. Key words: chromosome number, Fraxinus excelsior L., in vitro plants, micropropagation, stem cuttings.

Growth and Oil Production of Apiotrichum curvatum in Tomato Juice‡

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1515-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
FOLU AKINDUMILA ◽  
BONITA A. GLATZ
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Shake Flask Culture ◽  
Flask Culture ◽  
Tomato Pulp ◽  
Shake Flasks ◽  
Casamino Acids ◽  
Basal Salts ◽  
Apiotrichum Curvatum

The lipid-accumulating yeast Apiotrichum curvatum ATCC 20509 (formerly Candida curvata D) grew in shake flask culture in freshly prepared tomato juice or tomato pulp; growth was improved when the medium was supplemented with sucrose and a basal salts mixture. Under controlled conditions in the fermentor, biomass and oil production reached a maximum at 96 h, compared with 130 h in shake flasks. Biomass production increased with the addition of 0.3% (wt/vol) urea to the juice, but decreased with the addition of 0.5% (wt/vol) yeast extract or Casamino Acids. The total amount of lipid produced and the percent of intracellular oil per cell dry weight were greatest in juice supplemented with 0.3% urea.

Two new coumarin glucosides biosynthesized by transgenic hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Min Yu ◽  
Liang Bin Zhou ◽  
Chun Yan Yan ◽  
Guo Yan Duan ◽  
Yu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Polygonum Multiflorum ◽  
Transgenic Hairy Roots

scholarly journals Engineered oryzacystatin-I expressed in transgenic hairy roots confers resistance to Globodera pallida

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Urwin ◽  
Howard J. Atkinson ◽  
David A. Waller ◽  
Michael J. McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Transgenic Hairy Roots

scholarly journals Volatile organic emissions from the distillation and pyrolysis of vegetation

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Greenberg ◽  
H. Friedli ◽  
A. B. Guenther ◽  
D. Hanson ◽  
P. Harley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Woody Tissue ◽  
Eucalyptus Saligna ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Flaming Combustion

Abstract. Leaf and woody plant tissue (Pinus ponderosa, Eucalyptus saligna, Quercus gambelli, Saccharum officinarum and Oriza sativa) were heated from 30 to 300°C and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions were identified and quantified. Major VOC emissions were mostly oxygenated and included acetic acid, furylaldehyde, acetol, pyrazine, terpenes, 2,3-butadione, phenol and methanol, as well as smaller emissions of furan, acetone, acetaldehyde, acetonitrile and benzaldehyde. Total VOC emissions from distillation and pyrolysis were on the order of 10 gC/kgC dry weight of vegetation, as much as 33% and 44% of CO2 emissions (gC(VOC)/gC(CO2)) measured during the same experiments, in air and nitrogen atmospheres, respectively. The emissions are similar in identity and quantity to those from smoldering combustion of woody tissue and of different character than those evolved during flaming combustion. VOC emissions from the distillation of pools and endothermic pyrolysis under low turbulence conditions may produce flammable concentrations near leaves and may facilitate the propagation of wildfires. VOC emissions from charcoal production are also related to distillation and pyrolysis; the emissions of the highly reactive VOCs from production are as large as the carbon monoxide emissions.

scholarly journals Huperzine A and Huperzine B Production by Prothallus Cultures of Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Schrank et Mart

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3262
Author(s):  
Wojciech J. Szypuła ◽  
Beata Wileńska ◽  
Aleksandra Misicka ◽  
Agnieszka Pietrosiuk
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Huperzine A ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Very High

This is the first report of an efficient and effective procedure to optimize the biosynthesis of huperzine A (HupA) and huperzine B (HupB) in vitro from Huperzia selago gametophytes. Axenic tissue cultures were established using spores collected from the sporophytes growing in the wild. The prothalia were obtained after 7–18 months. Approximately 90 up to 100% of the gametophytes were viable and grew rapidly after each transfer on to a fresh medium every 3 months. The best biomass growth index for prothallus calculated on a fresh (FW) and dry weight (DW) basis, at 24 weeks of culture, was 2500% (FW) and 2200% (DW), respectively. The huperzine A content in the gametophytes was very high and ranged from 0.74 mg/g to 4.73 mg/g DW. The highest yield HupA biosynthesis at >4 mg/g DW was observed on W/S medium without growth regulators at 8 to 24 weeks of culture. The highest HupB content ranged from 0.10 mg/g to 0.52 mg/g DW and was obtained on the same medium. The results demonstrate the superiority of H. selago gametophyte cultures, with the level of HupA biosynthesis approximately 42% higher compared to sporophyte cultures and 35-fold higher than when the alkaloid was isolated from H. serrata, its current source for the pharmaceutical industry. Moreover, the biosynthesis of HupB was several-fold more efficient than in H. selago sporophytes growing in the wild. HPLC-HR-MS analyses of the extracts identified eight new alkaloids previously unreported in H. selago: deacetylfawcettine, fawcettimine, 16-hydroxyhuperzine B, deacetyllycoclavine, annopodine, lycopecurine, des-N-methylfastigiatine and flabelline.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Fields (0.04 to 0.39) mT effect on cellular growth cycles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Eliseo Amado-González ◽  
Alveiro Álvarez Ovallos ◽  
Alfonso Quijano Parra
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Growth Cycles

Low frecuency electromagnetic fields effect (EMF) on growth cycles of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains Rv1 and Rhône were studied.  A cylindrical coil induced magnetic fields with inductions up to 0,39 mT. Exposure time to EMF varied between (1 – 10) min at 30 °C.  The biomass growth were monitored in the reactor culture media (yeast extract + by measurement optical density from (0 to 32) h. The biomass was found by dry weight. After yeast expose to the different EMF, the number of growth cycles decreased from 4 cycles to 2 or 1. However, the biomass production increased almost 50 %.  The best biomass production was found at 0.39 mT and 10 min exposure time.  Keywords: Electromagnetic fields, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, biomass production, RV1

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