scholarly journals Mitotic activity, submicroscopic organization and respiration of meristematic cells of root tips of Allium cepa L. treated with dacarbazine (DTIC)

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Podbielkowska ◽  
Anna Śluborska ◽  
Maria Wałęza
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Cell Respiration ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Inhibitors ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Inhibition Of Dna Synthesis ◽  
Tissue Ultrastructure

Studies were carried out on the effect of dacarbazine (DTIC) on meristematic cells of root tips of <em>Allium</em> cepa L. Noticeable mitodepression was observed. It depended upon time of exposure and DTIC concentration. Mitodepression was caused by an inhibition of DNA synthesis and blocking of the G<sub>2</sub> phase. DTIC caused also disturbances of the karyokinesis and cytokinesis, similar as in case of colchicine effect. In the experimental conditions inhibition of cell respiration was noted, as also changes in the tissue ultrastructure. These changes were typical of the effect of respiratory inhibitors.

scholarly journals The effect of the edein complex on the activity of apical root meristems of Allium cepa L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-595
Author(s):  
J. A. Tarkowska ◽  
K. B. Domańska
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Good Accordance ◽  
Meristematic Activity ◽  
Inhibition Of Dna Synthesis

The effect of a mixture of edeins in water solution on the meristematic activity of <em>Allium cepa</em> L. root tips was studied during the incubation and postincubation periods. Reduction of the elongation growth of the root tips and a strong decrease in. the number of mitoses was observed what, as cytochemical and autoradiographical studies have shown, is due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis. DNA synthesis is completely inhibited after 24 hrs of incubation. Changes caused by 25 ppm concentration of the solution are reversible during postincubation. The concentration of 50 ppm produces irreversible damage. The main direction of cytochemical changes caused by the action of edeins on the meristematic cells is in good accordance with those recorded for bacterial cells (Kuryło-Borowska 1962, Borowski and Chmara 1968).

scholarly journals Influence of extract from shoots of Taxus baccata var. 'Elegantissima' on mitotic activity of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Majewska ◽  
Mirosława Furmanowa ◽  
Elwira Śliwińska ◽  
Kazimierz Głowniak ◽  
Joanna Guzewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
Number Of Cells

We investigated the influence of different concentrations of alcoholic extract from young shoots of <em>Taxus baccata</em> var. 'Elegantissima' (TbE), containing paclitaxel (81.6 µg/g fresh mass), on mitotic activity and DNA content in meristematic ` cells of <em>Allium cepn</em> adventitious root tips. During 24 hours of incubation we obtained different level of inhibition of mitotic activity: ranging from slight changes (dilution 1:32), through complete inhibition reversible in postincubation (dilution 1:8), to whole inhibition irreversible in postincubation (dilution 1:4). Inhibition of mitotic activity was connected with an increase of prophases and metaphases and changes in morphology of chromosomes (thick chromosomes of prophases with diluted karyolymph and c-metaphases). During the experiment, the number of aberrations and micronuclei didn't increase but the number of cells with replicated DNA (4C) blocked in G2 phase was higher. This study was done by a flow cytometry method. The optimal concentration of the TbE extract, which inhibited mitotic activity, did not damage the genetic material (chromosomes) visibly.

scholarly journals Influence of extract from shoots of Taxus baccata var. elegantissima on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Majewska ◽  
Mirosława Furmanowa ◽  
Kazimierz Głowniak ◽  
Joanna Guzewska ◽  
Alicja Zobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Preprophase Band ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Average Size

We investigated the influence of extract from <em>Taxus baccata</em> var. Elegantissima (TbE) shoots in 1:8 dilution, containing paclitaxel in concentration of 81,6 µg/g fresh mass on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> L. root tips. Incubation time 3, 6, 12 and 24 h was followed with postincubation in water for 12 and 24 h. During shorter incubation (till 12 h) the surface of the cell nuclei decreased and chromatin became condensed (in comparison to control) but after 24 h the average surface increased and chromatin condensation decreased. In the course of incubation the average size of plastids and vacuoles increased. Moreover, after treatment mitochondria and plastids showed degradation of ultrastructure, which was reversed after 12 h of postincubation. Immunocytochemical assays demonstrated that in the course of incubation in the ThE extract, the tubulin cytoskeleton became partially disorganised. In most interphase cells, cortical microtubules (MTs) lost their oval transverse orientation. The preprophase band (PPB) position in the cell was often asymmetrical. The MTs array of the karyokinetic spindle and phragmoplast was also disturbed. These alterations were completely reversed during postincubation.

Comparison of the Effects of He:Neon and Nd:YAG Laser Radiation on Mitotic Activity of Meristematic Cells of Allium cepa L. Bulbs

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fiol de Cuneo ◽  
S. Rubiales de Barioglio ◽  
G. Stutz ◽  
H. Juri ◽  
J. L. Lacuara
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Influence of hypoxia on protoplast structure in the plant cell

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Maria Podbielkowska ◽  
Bożena Borys
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Respiratory Inhibitors ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Parallel Structures

An influence of hypoxia on the protoplast’s structure in the root tips meristematic cells of onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) and of <i>Tradescantia bracteata</i> Small has been investigated. Hypoxia was caused either by respiratory inhibitors (sodium azide, 2,4-dinitrophenol), phosfon-D or by anaeroibic conditions. In both cases characteristic membranization of cytoplasm was observed. It appeared as spherical and parallel structures of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The observed hypertrophy was not connected with the increase of nucleic acids and proteins synthesis. In the examined cells the membranization was accompanied by an increase of the lipids content.

scholarly journals Effects of 5-fluorouracil on the mitotic activity of onion root tips apical meristem

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Waldemar Lechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Onion Root ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Cytological Changes ◽  
Chromatid Aberrations

The effects of various concentrations of 5-FU on the mitotic activity of onion root tips apical meristem were investigated during 24-hour incubation in 5-FU and postincubation in water. The incubation in 5-FU caused a reversible inhibition of mitotic activity, and waves of the partially synchronised mitoses were observed during the period of postincubation. The most pronounced synchronisation of mitoses was obtained after incubation in 100 mg/l. 5-FU but the mitotic index of the resumed mitotic activity amounted to only one half of the control value. 5-FU was found to cause some cytological changes in meristematic cells such as enlargement of the nucleoli, change in the interphasic nuclei structure, appearance of subchromatid and chromatid aberrations and micronuclei. The effects of 5-FU on nucleic acids and the cell division cycle ace discussed and compared with the effects of 5-FUdR.

scholarly journals Antimitotic effect, G2/M accumulation, chromosomal and ultrastructure changes in meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. root tips treated with the extract from Rhodiola rosea roots

Caryologia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Majewska ◽  
Ewa Wolska ◽  
Elwira Śliwińska ◽  
Mirosława Furmanowa ◽  
Natalia Urbańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Antimitotic Effect

scholarly journals Changes in ATPase activity in meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots caused by oncostatics

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Maria Podbielkowska ◽  
Maria Wałęza ◽  
Mirosława Ważyńska
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Cell Respiration ◽  
Meristematic Tissue ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Root Apices

Specific changes in the activity of ATPases: mitochondrial and transport associated with the plasmalemma and membranes of endoplasmic reticulum have been observed during experiments on the meristematic tissue of <em>Allium cepa</em> root apices subject to cytostatics (methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine). It seems that an observed increase in the ATPase activity is correlated with a decrease in the level of cell respiration caused by oncostatics.

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