scholarly journals Investigation on the bud dormancy of Populus × berolinensis Dipp. II. Role of leaves in the correlated inhibition phase

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-400
Author(s):  
L. Witkowska-Żuk
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy

The Role of Growth Substances in the Regulation of Bud Dormancy

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Eagles ◽  
P. E. Wareing
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Growth Substances

scholarly journals Ethylene-Mediated Modulation of Bud Phenology, Cold Hardiness, and Hormone Biosynthesis in Peach (Prunus persica)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Jianyang Liu ◽  
Md Tabibul Islam ◽  
Sangeeta Sapkota ◽  
Pratibha Ravindran ◽  
Prakash P. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Growing Degree Hours ◽  
Bud Phenology ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
Bloom Date

Spring frosts exacerbated by global climate change have become a constant threat to temperate fruit production. Delaying the bloom date by plant growth regulators (PGRs) has been proposed as a practical frost avoidance strategy. Ethephon is an ethylene-releasing PGR found to delay bloom in several fruit species, yet its use is often coupled with harmful effects, limiting its applicability in commercial tree fruit production. Little information is available regarding the mechanisms by which ethephon influences blooming and bud dormancy. This study investigated the effects of fall-applied ethephon on bud phenology, cold hardiness, and hormonal balance throughout the bud dormancy cycle in peach. Our findings concluded that ethephon could alter several significant aspects of peach bud physiology, including accelerated leaf fall, extended chilling accumulation period, increased heat requirements, improved cold hardiness, and delayed bloom date. Ethephon effects on these traits were primarily dependent on its concentration and application timing, with a high concentration (500 ppm) and an early application timing (10% leaf fall) being the most effective. Endogenous ethylene levels were induced significantly in the buds when ethephon was applied at 10% versus 90% leaf fall, indicating that leaves are essential for ethephon uptake. The hormonal analysis of buds at regular intervals of chilling hours (CH) and growing degree hours (GDH) also indicated that ethephon might exert its effects through an abscisic acid (ABA)-independent way in dormant buds. Instead, our data signifies the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in mediating budburst and bloom in peach, which also appears to be influenced by ethephon treatment. Overall, this research presents a new perspective in interpreting horticultural traits in the light of biochemical and molecular data and sheds light on the potential role of JA in bud dormancy, which deserves further attention in future studies that aim at mitigating spring frosts.

scholarly journals ABA and Bud Dormancy in Perennials: Current Knowledge and Future Perspective

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1635
Author(s):  
Wenqiang Pan ◽  
Jiahui Liang ◽  
Juanjuan Sui ◽  
Jingru Li ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Environmental Signals

Bud dormancy is an evolved trait that confers adaptation to harsh environments, and affects flower differentiation, crop yield and vegetative growth in perennials. ABA is a stress hormone and a major regulator of dormancy. Although the physiology of bud dormancy is complex, several advancements have been achieved in this field recently by using genetics, omics and bioinformatics methods. Here, we review the current knowledge on the role of ABA and environmental signals, as well as the interplay of other hormones and sucrose, in the regulation of this process. We also discuss emerging potential mechanisms in this physiological process, including epigenetic regulation.

RNAi-mediated repression of dormancy-related genes results in evergrowing apple trees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongmei Wu ◽  
Janine Cooney ◽  
Sumathi Tomes ◽  
Ria Rebstock ◽  
Sakuntala Karunairetnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Precocious Flowering ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Pathway Gene ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
Normal Flower

Abstract DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM) and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) genes have been implicated in the regulation of winter dormancy in perennials. Ectopic expression of apple (Malus ×domestica ‘Royal Gala’) DAM and SVP genes delays budbreak and constrains lateral shoot outgrowth. In this study, we used RNAi interference (RNAi) to simultaneously target all apple DAM and SVP genes to study their role and mode of action in the regulation of bud dormancy, budbreak and flowering. A synthetic construct carrying a hairpin fragment assembled from sequences specific to coding regions of three DAM and two SVP genes was used to generate transgenic lines. Reduced expression of DAM/SVP genes resulted in delayed leaf senescence and abscission in autumn, failure to enter bud dormancy in winter, and continual growth of new leaves regardless of the season for over 3 years. Precocious flowering but normal flower morphology, fertility and fruit development were observed. The non-dormant phenotype was associated with modified phytohormone composition. The content of gibberellins (GAs) and jasmonates (JAs) was significantly increased in terminal buds of RNAi lines compared to wildtype plants, accompanied by elevated expression of the key GA biosynthesis pathway gene GIBBERELLIN 20 OXIDASE-2 (MdGA20ox-2) along with the FLOWERING LOCUS T gene MdFT2. The key mediator of plasmodesmatal closure, MdCALLOSE SYNTHASE 1 (MdCALS1) was repressed in RNAi lines. This study provides functional evidence for the role of DAM/SVP genes in vegetative phenology of apple, and paves the way for production of low-chill varieties suitable for growth in warming climates.

The Cold Awakening of Doritaenopsis ‘Tinny Tender’ Orchid Flowers: The Role of Leaves in Cold-induced Bud Dormancy Release

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoping Qin ◽  
Quentin Kaas ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Luping Zhou ◽  
Xiaoyan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Bud Dormancy Release

scholarly journals Comparative proteomic and transcriptomic approaches to address the active role of GA4 in Japanese apricot flower bud dormancy release

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (16) ◽  
pp. 4953-4966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weibing Zhuang ◽  
Zhihong Gao ◽  
Liangju Wang ◽  
Wenjun Zhong ◽  
Zhaojun Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Japanese Apricot ◽  
Bud Dormancy Release

The possible role of chilling in floral and vegetative bud dormancy release in Pyrus pyrifolia

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hussain ◽  
Q. Niu ◽  
F. Yang ◽  
N. Hussain ◽  
Y. Teng
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Bud Dormancy Release ◽  
Vegetative Bud
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