scholarly journals The effect of contamination of soil by heavy metals on qualitative and quantitative composition of fungi in the rhizosphere of some forest trees

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Stefan Kowalski ◽  
Hanna Stępniewska ◽  
Zbigniew Krzan ◽  
Kazimierz Januszek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

The effect of heavy metals in soils on the formation of fungal communities in the rhizosphere of different forest tree species was studied. Soil samples for heavy metal contamination tests and root samples for the determination of rhizospheric fungi were taken from the same root zone. The reduction of the quantitative as well as qualitative composition of fungi in the rhizosphere of individual tree species clearly correlated with the increase of soil contamination by Pb, Zn, end Cd. The following groups of fungi were distinguished: tolerant, very susceptible and relatively resistant to contamination of soil by heavy metals. Moreover a great influence of tree species on the qualitative and quantitative composition of fungi in the rhizosphere was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Content in Phaeophyceae from Malang Rapat Waters, Bintan

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Hilda Novianty ◽  
Emienour Muzalina Mustafa ◽  
Suratno Suratno
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Turbinaria Conoides ◽  
Processed Products

The use of brown-macroalgae (Phaeophyceae) as an alginate source is very broad, covering the food and non-food industry, because of that it is necessary to know the safety of these natural resources, one of which is safe from heavy metal contamination. The purpose of this study was to determine heavy metals concentrations accumulated in several types of Phaeophyceae (brown macroalgae) as an alginate source from Malang Rapat waters, Bintan. The method used was descriptive non-experimental. The determination of the location of sampling was done by purposive sampling method. Samples were taken through free collection, identified species and measured of metal contamination concentrations for As, Cd, and Pb. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that Phaeophyceae found in Malang Rapat waters were Turbinaria conoides, Sargassum aquifolium, Padina australis, Hormophysa cuneiformis with each metal concentration contamination of As 13.95 to 23.30 µg.g-1 dry weight; Cd from 0.33 to 1.08 µg.g-1 dry weight and Pb from 4.72 to 9.92 µg.g-1 dry weight. This study showed that all metal contamination ranges in all Phaeophyceae were on the verge of the maximum limit set by the National Standardization Agency of Indonesia Indonesian (SNI) No 7387 of 2009 and National Agency of Drug and Food Control of RI (BPOM) Regulation No 5 of 2018 for dried macroalgae product so that Phaeophyceae from Malang Rapat waters - Bintan was not safe to be used as raw material for alginate source or other processed products of brown-macroalgae.

scholarly journals Influence of pressure and time on extraction process using supercritical CO2

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Micic ◽  
Z. Lepojevic ◽  
B. Mandic ◽  
M. Jotanovic ◽  
G. Tadic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) by carbon dioxide (CO2) of Salvia officinalis L. was investigated. SFE by CO2 was performed at different pressure (80, 100, 150, 200 and 300 bar) and constant temperature of 40?C (all other extraction conditions, such are flow rate, particle diameter of Salvia officinalis, extraction time were kept constant. The GC-MS method was used for determination of qualitative and quantitative composition of obtained extracts and essential oils.

scholarly journals THE COMPLEX METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF INTESTINAL MICROFLORA COMPOSITION OF LABORATORY ANIMALS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
M. V. Kaminska
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Method Of Determination ◽  
Full Picture

The method of determination of qualitative and quantitative composition of intestinal microflora of laboratory animals, namely albino rats, was described. The method allows to simultaneously identify different groups of microorganisms in one sample of intestinal composition and to get a full picture of microbocoenosis within 4 days that allows to consider animal’s health, dysbiotic infringement in intestinal microflora composition and its correction with probiotic preparations.

scholarly journals Seasonal dynamics of cadmium and plumbum in the Turia and Pripyat rivers

2020 ◽  
pp. 540-546
Author(s):  
Halyna Humeniuk ◽  
Olena Voloshyn ◽  
Volodymyr Voloshyn
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
High Level

The anthropogenic pressure on aquatic ecosystems leads to a significant transformation of their quantitative and qualitative composition. Many rivers of Ukraine are polluted. The object of research was the surface waters of the rivers Pripyat and Turiya (Volyn region, Ukraine). Analysis of the qualitative and quantitative composition of toxicants (Cd, Pb) showed that the waters of the rivers have high level of pollution. A negative phenomenon in the studied reservoirs is a significant excess of concentrations of heavy metals: lead in 118 times and cadmium in 110 times in August.

scholarly journals Efficiency Increase Method оf Biological Treatment оf Optical Mechanics Production Sewage

10.12737/215 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Сироткин ◽  
A. Sirotkin ◽  
Суслова ◽  
S. Suslova ◽  
Хузяшева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Active Substances

Laboratory results of biological sewage treatment from ions of heavy metals and synthetic surface-active substances are discussed in this article. The data on dependence of cleared sewage’s qualitative and quantitative composition from the mixture sequence of sewage’s separate streams are obtained as a result of researches. Results on research of specific adsorption of metals by activated sludge biomass are presented. The estimated prevented ecological damage from dumping of polluting impurity to the river is calculated.

scholarly journals Essential oil and extract of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)

2011 ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Zekovic ◽  
Dusan Adamovic ◽  
Gordana Cetkovic ◽  
Marija Radojkovic ◽  
Senka Vidovic
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Two different methods of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil isolation, steam distillation and extraction by methylene chloride (Soxhlet extraction) were investigated. After the determination of essential oil content in the investigated drug and in dry extract (using steam distillation), qualitative and quantitative composition of obtained essential oils, determined by TLC and GC-MS methods, were compared. The content of linalool was higher (52.4%) in essential oil obtained by coriander steam distillation than that in essential oil separeted from dry extract (42.8%), and, on the other hand, content of geranyl-acetate was lower (4.6% and 11.7%, respectively).

scholarly journals Root systems of forest tree species and their soil-conservation functions on the Krušné hory Mts. slopes disturbed by mining

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Čermák ◽  
F. Fér
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Forest Tree Species

The paper describes the root system architecture of the forest tree species <I>Fagus sylvatica</I> L.,<I> Quercus robur</I> L.,<I> Pinus sylvestris</I> L.,<I> Carpinus betulus</I> L.,<I> Acer platanoides</I> L., and <I>Alnus glutinosa</I> (L.) Gaertn. at the age of 80–220 years growing on the slopes of the Krušné hory Mts. at the altitude of 330 to 480 m above sea level. These species were influenced by open-pit mining of brown coal as well as by power engineeting. The investigation also involves the determination of soil properties of Ranker Cambisols.

Determination of Heavy Metals in Herbal Drinks Using ICP-MS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1060 ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
Chutima Limmatvapirat ◽  
Sontaya Limmatvapirat ◽  
Juree Charoenteeraboon ◽  
Chantana Wessapan ◽  
Anchalee Kumsum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Gum Karaya ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Indian Mulberry ◽  
Cat’S Whiskers ◽  
Almost All

Seven groups of herbal drinks including gum karaya, Indian gooseberry, Noni Indian mulberry, cat's whiskers, prickly-leaved elephant's foot, black galingale, and Ling zhi mushroom contain a variety of bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, terpenes, saponins, and flavonoids. The extracts of these plants have several biological activities such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and chemoprotective activities that can promote health. The popular uses of herbal drinks in Thailand raise the question about safety of their products, especially for heavy metal contamination. The concentrations of heavy metals such as As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Cd in twenty one samples from seven groups of herbal drinks were determined by ICP-MS. None of herbal drinks passed the permissible limits under the Notification of Ministry of Public Health (No. 214) B.E. 2543 (2000) Re: Beverages in Sealed Container by the virtue of the Food Act B.E. 2522 (1979), Thailand. Moreover, the concentrations of Pb and Zn in all analyzed samples were higher than the permissible limits. The concentrations of Fe in almost all analyzed samples as well as the concentrations of As, Cd, and Cu in some analyzed samples were higher than the permissible limits. The levels of heavy metals found in this study raise concerns, not only for the safety of Thai consumers, but also the quality of herbal drinks available in Thailand.

scholarly journals Different Isolation Methods for Determination of Composition of Volatiles from Nigella damascena L. Seeds

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wajs ◽  
Radoslaw Bonikowski ◽  
Danuta Kalemba
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Methyl Anthranilate ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Lower Fatty Acid ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
Nigella Damascena

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from seeds of Nigella damascena L. were isolated using different techniques. The yield, as well as the qualitative and quantitative composition of the oils, was strongly influenced by the isolation method. In the hydrodistilled essential oil, the major components were the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons β-elemene (59.1%), β-selinene (12.8%) and α-selinene (12.6%). Conventional solvent extraction, followed by hydrodistillation, resulted in a volatile oil with a different composition than that of the hydrodistilled oil. The extracted oils predominantly contained sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, but also methyl anthranilate derivatives. By means of HS-SPME, it was possible to analyze not only sesquiterpenes and anthranilates, but also monoterpenes and the most volatile compounds, for example, the lower fatty acid (butyric, capronic) esters, which determine the characteristic sweet scent of N. damascena seeds. Using all testing methods, 55 compounds were identified, 40 of which are new for N. damascena seed VOCs.

scholarly journals Allometric equations for estimating biomass of community forest tree species in Madiun, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandu Wirabuana ◽  
RAHMANTA SETIAHADI ◽  
RONGGO SADONO ◽  
MARTIN LUKITO ◽  
DJOKO SETYO MARTONO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height

Abstract. Wirabuana PYAP, Setiahadi R, Sadono R, Lukito M, Martono DS, Matatula J. 2020. Allometric equations for estimating biomass of community forest tree species in Madiun, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4291-4300. The capability of community forests for offsetting carbon emissions highly depends on their biomass production. Unfortunately, the measurement of tree biomass in community forests using a destructive method is expensive and time-consuming. It is also almost impossible to conduct this method for all trees in the observation area. Therefore, the development of allometric equations is essential to support tree biomass estimation in community forests. This study was designed to construct specific models for predicting individual tree biomass in community forests, located in Madiun, Indonesia. We destructively sampled approximately 120 trees from four different species (30 trees for each species), i.e., Falcataria moluccana, Melia azedarach, Swietenia macrophylla, and Tectona grandis. For every tree sample, the measurement of biomass was conducted in each tree’s component, namely roots, stem, branches, and leaves. The allometric equations were developed with regression analysis using predictor variables, like diameter at breast height (D), squared diameter at breast height combined with tree height (D2H), as well as D and H separately. Results found that for four species, the mean biomass in the stem was 50.3%, followed by branches 25.4%, roots 15.9%, and leaves 8.3%. The best equation for estimating biomass in every component and total of four species was different. However, our study showed that the equation lnŶ = -3.037 + 1.430 lnD + 1.684 was reliable to estimate total individual tree biomass of four species in the surveyed area since this model had accuracy of 90.8%. Referring to these findings, we recommended the utilization of an allometric equation as an alternative method for facilitating more efficient biomass measurement in the community forests.

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