scholarly journals Mushrooms as a source of substances with antiviral activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyna Kandefer-Szerszeń ◽  
Zbigniew Kawecki ◽  
Bogusław Sałata ◽  
Maria Witek
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Boletus Edulis ◽  
Vaccinia Viruses ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts ◽  
Armillariella Mellea

Water extracts the fructifications of 56 species of fungi were examined as a source of antiviral substances with activity against VS and vaccinia viruses. Extracts from 16 fungal species exhibited the antiviral activity. Water extracts from <i>Boletus edulis</i> active against vaccinia virus and extract from <i>Armillariella mellea</i> active against VS virus are particularly worth nothing. Both of them in applied concentrations were not toxic in chick embryo fibroblasts tissue culture.

scholarly journals INHIBITION OF RELEASE OF VACCINIA VIRUS BY N1-ISONICOTINOYL-N2-3-METHYL-4-CHLOROBENZOYLHYDRAZINE

1969 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Kato ◽  
Hans J. Eggers ◽  
Heinrich Rolly
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Virus Multiplication ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Virus Release ◽  
Single Cycle ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts ◽  
Intracellular Virus

N1-isonicotinoyl-N2-3-methyl-4-chlorobenzoylhydrazine (IMCBH) is a selective inhibitor of vaccinia virus multiplication. In concentrations up to 50 µg/ml, IMCBH causes neither toxic morphologic changes, nor does it inhibit the multiplication of cells. Viruses other than vaccinia are not affected by IMCBH. The virus-inhibitory effect of IMCBH is dependent on the type of host cell used, i.e., the compound is effective in chick embryo fibroblasts and monkey kidney cells but not in L cells. IMCBH does not exhibit any protecting effect on vaccinia virus-infected mice or rabbits. IMCBH interferes with virus release: in single cycle experiments in chick embryo fibroblasts, IMCBH strongly blocks the release of vaccinia virus at concentrations as low as 3 µg/ml, while intracellular virus synthesis is hardly affected. Viral cytopathic changes are completely suppressed by IMCBH within the span of a single cycle infection, although extensive changes eventually occur. By inhibiting virus release from initially infected cells, IMCBH markedly inhibits the multiplication of vaccinia virus in cell cultures infected at low virus/ cell multiplicities. IMCBH does not inhibit the early toxic cytopathic changes induced by large inocula of vaccinia virus in BHK21 cells.

Reduced steady-state levels of vaccinia virus-specific early mRNAs in interferon-treated chick embryo fibroblasts

Virology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Grün ◽  
E. Kroon ◽  
B. Zoller ◽  
U. Krempien ◽  
C. Jungwirth
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts

scholarly journals Replication of Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara in Primary Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts Requires Expression of the Interferon Resistance Gene E3L

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (15) ◽  
pp. 8394-8407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Hornemann ◽  
Olof Harlin ◽  
Caroline Staib ◽  
Sigrid Kisling ◽  
Volker Erfle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Viral Protein Synthesis ◽  
Defense Proteins ◽  
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara ◽  
Vaccinia Viruses ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts ◽  
Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts

ABSTRACT Highly attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) serves as a candidate vaccine to immunize against infectious diseases and cancer. MVA was randomly obtained by serial growth in cultures of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF), resulting in the loss of substantial genomic information including many genes regulating virus-host interactions. The vaccinia virus interferon (IFN) resistance gene E3L is among the few conserved open reading frames encoding viral immune defense proteins. To investigate the relevance of E3L in the MVA life cycle, we generated the deletion mutant MVA-ΔE3L. Surprisingly, we found that MVA-ΔE3L had lost the ability to grow in CEF, which is the first finding of a vaccinia virus host range phenotype in this otherwise highly permissive cell culture. Reinsertion of E3L led to the generation of revertant virus MVA-E3rev and rescued productive replication in CEF. Nonproductive infection of CEF with MVA-ΔE3L allowed viral DNA replication to occur but resulted in an abrupt inhibition of viral protein synthesis at late times. Under these nonpermissive conditions, CEF underwent apoptosis starting as early as 6 h after infection, as shown by DNA fragmentation, Hoechst staining, and caspase activation. Moreover, we detected high levels of active chicken alpha/beta IFN (IFN-α/β) in supernatants of MVA-ΔE3L-infected CEF, while moderate IFN quantities were found after MVA or MVA-E3rev infection and no IFN activity was present upon infection with wild-type vaccinia viruses. Interestingly, pretreatment of CEF with similar amounts of recombinant chicken IFN-α inhibited growth of vaccinia viruses, including MVA. We conclude that efficient propagation of MVA in CEF, the tissue culture system used for production of MVA-based vaccines, essentially requires conserved E3L gene function as an inhibitor of apoptosis and/or IFN induction.

Regulation of histone H5 and H1° gene expression under the control of vaccinia virus-specific sequences in interferon-treated chick embryo fibroblasts

Virology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Grün ◽  
Ingrid Redmann-Müller ◽  
Doris Blum ◽  
Hans-Joachim Degen ◽  
Detlef Doenecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts ◽  
Histone H5 ◽  
Specific Sequences

scholarly journals A method for preparing smallpox vaccine on a large scale in cultured cells

1961 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kaplan ◽  
Lisel R. Micklem
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Smallpox Vaccine ◽  
Tissue Culture System ◽  
Embryo Cells

A tissue culture system using chick embryo cells gave bacteria-free vaccinia virus suspensions of sufficient potency to use as a vaccine. Clinical trials with vaccines prepared by this method gave similar results to those with sheep lymph vaccine.

scholarly journals RNA methylation in vaccinia virus-infected chick embryo fibroblasts treated with homologous interferon

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2441-2454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kroath ◽  
Hans J. Gross ◽  
Christoph Jungwirth ◽  
Gerhard Bodo
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Rna Methylation ◽  
Embryo Fibroblasts
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