scholarly journals Fungi isolated from Stewartia pseudocamellia Max. seeds and their pathogenesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Halina Kurzawińska ◽  
Piotr Muras
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Typical Composition

The aim of studies was to determine typical composition of fungi occurring on seeds of <i>Stewartia pseudocamellia</i>.The studies conducted on 100 disinfected and 100 nondisinfected seeds of these plants.Isolates of <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>Cylindrocarpon radicicola</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> were characterized by pathogenicity towards the investigated <i>Stewartia pseudocamellia</i>. In the laboratory experiment, 204 isolations of microorganisms were obtained that belonged to 20 species and form of fungi and bacteria. Among fungi there were both of parasite (<i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Fusarium</i> spp., <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>) and typical saprophytic (<i>Cladosporium</i> spp., <i>Penicillium</i> spp., <i>Aspergillus</i> spp., <i>Epicoccum</i> spp., <i>Mucor</i> spp.). The dominant fungus on seeds was <i>Alternaria alternata</i>. Among the investigated isolates only one isolate (R4) <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, was strongly pathogenic, isolates (A1) <i>Alternaria alternata</i> were weakly pathogenic to seedlings of <i>Stewartia pseudocamellia</i>.

scholarly journals Host And Temperature Preferensce, Male Occurrence And Morfomentrics Offungivorous Nematode, Aphelenchus Avenae Isolates From Japan

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Buni Amin
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Body Dimension ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Aphelenchus Avenae

ABSTRACT. Host and temperature preference, male accurrence, and morfomentrics of 39 isolates of Apehelenchus avenae were investigated. Of the 39 isolates, 33 were from 7 sistrict of Kyushu, 3 preference were investigated on 4 species of fungi; Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Melonis, and Pyitum aphanidermatum growing on 1/5 strength PDA medium. The nematodes were incubated on respective fungus mat for 30 days at 25 and 30 OC host fungi and temperatures gave rise to various levels of reproduction and male accurance. The isolates were divided into 5 groups based on their reproductivity on their host fungi at the 2 temperature regimes. Most of the isolates of A. avenae progated themselves at 25 0C on B. cinera and R. solani AG-4, was 60.850 given by Nagasaki isolates (NA3). The maximum multiplication 48.420 at 0C accured on R. solani byu Kagoshima isiolate (KA3). The occurrence of males was very low in all isolates and it occurred only at 30 0C. De Man’s value of body dimension were measured and showed no significant variation among the isolates. Besides, There were no realtions between groupings by host preference and by body dimension.

scholarly journals Fungi occurring on seeds of fodder galega (Galega orientalis Lam.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Bożena Cwalina-Ambrozik ◽  
Barbara Majchrzak
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Mineral Medium ◽  
Galega Orientalis

Laboratory experiment were caried out to isolate fungi from the seeds of goat rue cultivated with and without fertilization. Additionally, kind of medium (PDA and mineral medium) and mean of preparation seeds, were factors differentiated number of fungi. Species such as <i>Alternaria alternata</i> (51,6%) and <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> (20,4% of total colony) were isolated from seeds most frequently. From combination without fertilization 7,2% more isolates were obtained. Mineral medium and superficial disinfection of seeds had reducing influence on number of isolates.

scholarly journals Phytopathogenic Fungal Inhibitors from Celery Seeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Liu ◽  
Fu-Guang Liu ◽  
Hui-Qin Xie ◽  
Qing Mu
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Light Petroleum ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Celery Seeds

Extract of celery ( Apium graveolens L.) seeds was investigated against phytopathogenic fungi. The light petroleum extract showed promising inhibition activities in the tests against Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfecum. Chromatographic separation of the extract gave 19 fractions, one of which, QCZ-4, possessed significant inhibitory rates of 64.6%, 88.4% and 54.7% at a concentration of 100 ppm against R. solani, F. oxysporium f. sp. vasinfecum and Alternaria alternata, respectively. Major components in the active fraction were identified by GC-MS as p-(2-aminoethyl)phenol (39.7%), 3-(3,4-dimethybenzoyl) propionic acid (32.6%) and p-heptylphenol (26.9%).

Produktion pflanzlicher C6-Wundgase und ihre Wirkung auf einige phytopathogene Pilze / Production of C6-Wound Gases by Plants and the Effect on Some Phytopathogenic Fungi

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Urbasch
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Cladosporium Fulvum ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Cyphomandra Betacea ◽  
Wild Tomato ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Tree Tomato

Abastract The production of C6-wound gases by cultivated and wild tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculenium Mill., L. hirsutum Humb. et Bonpl., L. peruvianum (L.) Mill., L. pimpinellifolium Mill., L. glandulosum C. H. Muller) and the tree tomato (Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendtn.) was investigated. The genuine mixture of compounds and the single compounds showed antifungal properties against the phytopathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea Pers., Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder & Hansen, Didymelia lycopersici Kleb, and Cladosporium fulvum Cooke.

scholarly journals Fungi colonizated of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) after harvest and after storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Cwalina-Ambrozik
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Frequent Species ◽  
And Storage

The aim of the laboratory experiment was the isolation of fungi colonized potato tubers directly (immediately) after harvest and after 5-month storage. 67 potato tubers samples collected in 1998 and 1999 from the areas of province Warmia and Mazury were examined. The occurrence of 36 and 46 species were confirmed on analyzed tubers after harvest and storage, respectively. The most frequent species which occurred on tubers were: <i>Alternaria alternata</i> (9,4%), <i>Colletotrichum cocco- des</i> (12,6%), <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> (7,4%) and fungi from <i>Fusarium genera</i> (8,7%).This fungi, except <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, more often colonized potato tubers afier storage. Among saprofitic fungi most frequent were: <i>Epicoccum</i> (3,4%), <i>Mortierella</i> (3,1%), <i>Mucor</i>(6,0%), <i>Penicillium</i> (17,0%), <i>Rhizopus</i> (7,1%) and <i>Trichoderma</i> (12,9%). More colonies of fungi were obtained from potato tubers analyzed after harvest. Remaining fungi were more frequently isolated after storage.

HONGOS FITOPATÓGENOS MODULAN LA EXPRESIÓN DE LOS GENES ANTIMICROBIANOS phlD Y hcnC DE LA RIZOBACTERIA Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270

Biotecnia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Julie E. Hernández-Salmerón ◽  
Benjamín R. Hernández-Flores ◽  
Ma del Carmen Rocha-Granados ◽  
Pedro D. Loeza- Lara ◽  
Gustavo Santoyo
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fusarium Solani

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto antagónico de la rizobacteria promotora del crecimiento vegetal Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270 hacia los hongos fitopatógenos Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani y Rhizoctonia solani. También, se determinó la expresión de los genes phlD y hcnC de la cepa UM270 en presencia de los fitopatógenos durante bioensayos de antagonismo in vitro. Los resultados muestran que la cepa UM270 logra inhibir el crecimiento del micelio de B. cinerea (45%), F. solani (25%) y R. solani (24%) en diferente grado, mientras que para F. oxysporum (1%) no hubo inhibición significativa. Al analizar la expresión del gen phlD, se observó que los patógenos la modulan diferencialmente, ya que mientras B. cinerea induce su expresión, los demás patógenos la reprimen . En el caso del gen hcnC, B. cinerea y F. oxysporum no afectaron su expresión, mientras que F. solani y R. solani la inhibieron. Estos resultados sugieren que los fitopatógenos pueden modular la expresión de genes importantes para la síntesis de compuestos antimicrobianos en Pseudomonas fluoresces UM270.

scholarly journals Fungi colonizing various organs of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) cultivated in South-East Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Machowicz-Stefaniak ◽  
E. Zalewska ◽  
B. Zimowska
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Mineral Medium ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
One Year ◽  
Made In

On one-year-old and two-year-old plantations of lemon balm observations on the occurrence of plants showing symptoms of fungal diseases were made in 1998–2001. Many fungi were isolated from roots, stem bases and leaves separately on mineral medium. Species of Fusarium, Phoma and Rhizoctonia solani were obtained from the roots and stem bases whereas Alternaria alternata, Phoma spp., Septoria melissae and Botrytis cinerea were most often isolated from the leaves showing symptoms of necrosis.

scholarly journals The Elicitation Effect of Pathogenic Fungi on Trichodermin Production byTrichoderma brevicompactum

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Ping Shentu ◽  
Wei-Ping Liu ◽  
Xiao-Huan Zhan ◽  
Xiao-Ping Yu ◽  
Chuan-Xi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Thanatephorus Cucumeris ◽  
Optimum Time

The effects of six species of phytopathogenic fungi mycelia as elicitors on trichodermin yield byTrichoderma brevicompactumwere investigated. Neither nonviable nor viable mycelia ofBotrytis cinerea,Alternaria solani,Colletotrichum lindemuthianum,andThanatephorus cucumerisdemonstrated any elicitation on the accumulation of trichodermin. However, the production of trichodermin was increased by the presence of viable/nonviableRhizoctonia solaniandFusarium oxysporummycelia. The strongest elicitation effect was found at the presence of nonviableR. solani. At the presence of nonviableR. solani, the maximum yield of trichodermin (144.55 mg/L) was significantly higher than the Control (67.8 mg/L), and the cultivation time to obtain the maximum yield of trichodermin decreased from 72 h to 60 h. No difference of trichodermin accumulation was observed by changing the concentration of nonviableR. solanifrom 0.1 to 1.6 g/L. It was observed that the optimum time for adding nonviableR. solaniis immediately after inoculation. The diameter ofT. brevicompactummycelial globule after 72 h cultivation with nonviableR. solanielicitor was smaller than that of the Control.

scholarly journals Fungi settling seedlings of Stewartia pseudocamelia (Max.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 319-321
Author(s):  
I. Gajda ◽  
H. Kurzawińska ◽  
P. Muras
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Cladosporium Cladosporioides ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Autumn Season ◽  
Total Community ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Stewartia pseudocamelia is one of more attractive of ornamental bushes. The main of decorative quality are: ornamental flowers, non-typical florescence (from end of June to August), original bark and attractive overcolouring of leaves in autumn season. Apart diseases affected Stewartia during vegetation period, the most dangerous are those which infest seedlings. The total number of 132 colonies of fungi were obtained from the sore seedlings of Stewartia. The isolates represented 19 species of thirteen genera. The most dominated of them were fungi of species: Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cylindrocarpon radicicola, Fusarium avenaceum and F. oxysporum. These above-mentioned fungi together with: Phytophthora cinnamomi, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium spp., Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium debaryanum belonged to the group of dominants and consistued 79.02% of total community.

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