scholarly journals Evaluation of health state and growth of Gypsophila paniculata L. and Gypsophila repens L. groving in soil in variable fertilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Warner ◽  
Wojciech Antkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Health State ◽  
Gypsophila Paniculata ◽  
Npk Fertilization

The influence of NPK fertilization on plant growth and roots yield of <i>Gypsophila paniculata</i> and <i>Gypsophila repens</i> was investigated. The nutrients were applied in different proportions. The health state of <i>Gypsophila</i> was also analyzed. The pathogens isolated from plants showing the diseases symptoms represented eight species: <i>Alternaria dianthicola</i> Neergaard; <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> (Fr.) Sacc.; <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> (W. G.Smith) Sacc.; <i>F.equiseti</i> (Cola) Sacc.; <i>F.oxysporum</i> Schlecht., Snyder et Hansen; <i>F.sambucinum</i> Fuck; <i>Phytophthora</i> sp. de Bary; <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> K. Fusarium oxysporum and other species of fungi were isolated from <i>Gypsophila paniculata</i>, whilst from Gypsophila repens only <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> was obtained.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Cow Urine as Plant Growth Enhancer and Antifungal Agent

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Jandaik ◽  
Preeti Thakur ◽  
Vikas Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Nutritional Effect ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Poison Food Technique

The present study was conducted to determine antifungal activity of three different concentrations (5, 10, and 15%) of cow urine against three fungal pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, andSclerotium rolfsii) isolated from infected plants of Methi and Bhindi that showed symptoms of damping off and wilting disease by poison food technique. The extent of growth of test fungi in plates poisoned with cow urine was lesser when compared with the control plates. Among these concentrations cow urine at 15% concentration was most effective. When the three fungal organisms were compared, maximum growth suppression was observed inFusarium oxysporum(78.57%) at 15% concentration of cow urine followed byRhizoctonia solani(78.37%) andSclerotium rolfsii(73.84%). Finally we concluded that the cow urine has antifungal activities and the inhibitory activity can be used in the control of fungi. The nutritional effect of cow urine on plant growth was also tested withTrigonella foenum-graecum(Methi) andAbelmoschus esculentus(Bhindi) plants and the chlorophyll and protein content was also estimated.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of different parsley cultivars to infestation by pathogenic fungi

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Nawrocki
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Stemphylium Botryosum ◽  
Cylindrocarpon Destructans ◽  
Second Year

The experiments were carried out in the years 2002 and 2003 on parsley seeds of 6 cultivars: Alba, Berlińska, Cukrowa, Kinga, Lenka, and Vistula. Mycological analysis of parsley seeds showed that the most common inhabitans were fungi from genus <i>Alternaria</i> (mainly <i>A. alternata</i> and <i>A. radicina</i>) and <i>Fusarium</i>, especially <i>F. avenaceum</i> and <i>F. oxysporum</i>. During the glasshouse investigations fungi <i>Alternaria radicina</i>, <i>A. alternata</i> and <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> were the main reason for parsley damping-off. The highest number of infected seedlings was observed for Berlińska and Kinga, because in both years of experiments these cultivars had the lowest number of healthy seedlings. The highest number of healthy seedlings had cultivars Alba and Lenka, especially in the second year of experiments. In the field experiments not only fungi from genus <i>Alternaria</i> and <i>Fusarium</i> were the most often isolated from diseased parsley seedlings. <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> was more often isolated from diseased field seedlings than from glasshouse parsley seedlings. Other fungies isolated often from parsley seedlings cultivated in the field were: <i>Pythium</i> spp., <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, <i>Cylindrocarpon destructans</i> and <i>Stemphylium botryosum</i>.

Screening of Pseudomonas sp. isolated from rhizosphere of pea plant as plant growth promoter and biocontrol agent

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Rashmi Nigam ◽  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
Joginder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a heterogeneous group of bacteria that are found in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane which can improve plant growth. Pseudomonas spp. is one of the most promising groups of PGPR which can control plant pathogenic microbes in the soil. In this study, an attempt was made to isolate Pseudomonas spp., a potent PGPR in the rhizosphere. Through appropriate microbiological and biochemical methods, the study demonstrated the presence of fluorescent and nonfluorescent Pseudomonads in the rhizosphere of pea. 12 different strains of Pseudomonas were isolated from pea rhizosphere and identified by biochemical tests. Out of these strains five were screened against wilt and root rot pathogens of pea. Antagonistic activity of Pseudomonas isolates were evaluated against wilt and root rots pathogens i.e. Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum through dual culture technique. The study exhibited that all Pseudomonas strains significantly inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum as compared to control. Among all the Pseudomonas isolates Ps5 showed maximum inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum. Augmentation of such PGPR will ensure a healthy micro climate for pea.

EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUAL AND COMBINED INOCULATION OF MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA, RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI, AND FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. CICERI ON CHICKPEA

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Munawar Fazal ◽  
M.Imran Khan ◽  
M. Ashaq Raza ◽  
Ziauddin A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica

The effects of Meloidogyne javanica, Rhizoctonia solani, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, both singly and in various combinations, on chickpea (Cicer arietinum) were studied. Singly, F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri was the most aggressive pathogen. In concomitant inoculations, reduction in growth parameter was greater than the sum total of reductions caused by the pathogens alone. All three pathogens adversely affected nodulation singly as well as in concomitant inoculations, and reduction in nodulation followed a similar trend as plant growth. Rate of nematode multiplication and galling was significantly reduced in the presence of fungus.

Evaluation of Spring and Winter Wheat Reaction to Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium avenaceum

1997 ◽  
Vol 145 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wojciechowski ◽  
J. Chelkowski ◽  
A. Ponitka ◽  
A. Šlusarkiewicz-Jarzina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum

scholarly journals Host And Temperature Preferensce, Male Occurrence And Morfomentrics Offungivorous Nematode, Aphelenchus Avenae Isolates From Japan

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Buni Amin
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Body Dimension ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Aphelenchus Avenae

ABSTRACT. Host and temperature preference, male accurrence, and morfomentrics of 39 isolates of Apehelenchus avenae were investigated. Of the 39 isolates, 33 were from 7 sistrict of Kyushu, 3 preference were investigated on 4 species of fungi; Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Melonis, and Pyitum aphanidermatum growing on 1/5 strength PDA medium. The nematodes were incubated on respective fungus mat for 30 days at 25 and 30 OC host fungi and temperatures gave rise to various levels of reproduction and male accurance. The isolates were divided into 5 groups based on their reproductivity on their host fungi at the 2 temperature regimes. Most of the isolates of A. avenae progated themselves at 25 0C on B. cinera and R. solani AG-4, was 60.850 given by Nagasaki isolates (NA3). The maximum multiplication 48.420 at 0C accured on R. solani byu Kagoshima isiolate (KA3). The occurrence of males was very low in all isolates and it occurred only at 30 0C. De Man’s value of body dimension were measured and showed no significant variation among the isolates. Besides, There were no realtions between groupings by host preference and by body dimension.

scholarly journals Desinfestação de substratos para produção de mudas, utilizando vapor de água

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
João Bosco C. Silva ◽  
Ivani T. Oliveira-Napoleão ◽  
Loeni L. Falcão
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum

O tratamento sanitário de substratos é uma operação importante no processo de produção de mudas e no cultivo de plantas em vasos ou outros contentores. Tradicionalmente tem-se utilizado o gás brometo de metila como agente desinfetante. Entretanto, a produção deste gás deverá ser abolida até o ano 2010, forçando-se a busca de novas opções. Desenvolveu-se na Embrapa Hortaliças um equipamento que utiliza o vapor de água à baixa pressão, produzido por uma caldeira industrial, com capacidade para evaporar 30 L/h de água, para aquecer o substrato contido em uma caixa metálica cilíndrica com capacidade de 2000 L. O vapor é aplicado no fundo da caixa que contém uma camada de brita coberta com uma tela metálica de malha de 2 mm, que favorece a distribuição uniforme do vapor por toda a massa de substrato. O tempo de aquecimento é de aproximadamente 3 horas e o calor armazenado durante este período mantém a massa de substrato aquecida a temperaturas pasteurizantes, por até 4 horas após a aplicação do vapor. Para testar a eficácia do sistema avaliou-se a sobrevivência dos patógenos Ralstonia solanacearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum e Rhizoctonia solani. Aplicou-se vapor por uma hora, não considerando o período de aquecimento, e coletaram-se as amostras após uma, duas, três ou quatro horas o início da aplicação de vapor. O tratamento por uma hora, em adição ao período de aquecimento, resultou na eliminação dos patógenos.

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