scholarly journals Effects of plant density and cultivar on yield responses in onions (Allium cepa L.) grown from seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Jan Rumpel ◽  
Kazimierz Felczyński
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Onion Bulbs ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Bulb Yield ◽  
Size Grading

Two field experiments were conducted to study the effect of plant density on yield, size grading and maturity of onion bulbs grown from seeds. In the first experiment carried out during 1991-1993, three onion cultivars (Hysam F<sub>1</sub> , Mercato F<sub>1</sub> and Sochaczewska) were sown for intended densities of 20, 40, 60, 80,100 and 140 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, whereas in the second one, in 1996, six onion cultivars (Spirit F<sub>1</sub>, Summit F<sub>1</sub>, Hyduro F<sub>1</sub>, Armstrong F<sub>1</sub>, Renate F<sub>1</sub> and Robusta) were sown for intended densities of 40, 60 and 80 plants m<sup>-2</sup>. The onions were grown on beds, 1,35 m wide, in 4 rows per bed (27+27+27+54 cm). Marketable yield increased with plant density, and depending on year was highest at 80 or 100 plants m<sup>-2</sup>. The average marketable yield of the 1991-1993 experiment increased from 20.5 t·ha<sup>-1</sup> at 20 plants m<sup>-2</sup> to 32.8 t·ha<sup>-1</sup> at 80 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, whereas that of the 1996 experiment increased from 48,9 t-ha<sup>-1</sup> at 40 plants m-2 to 59.0 t·ha<sup>-1</sup> at 80 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. Yield of large bulbs decreased with density and was highest at 20-40 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, oposite to the yield of small bulbs, which was highest at the highest density of 140 plants·m<sup>-2</sup>. The medium bulb yield increased with density, at the some way as compared the total marketable yield. No greater effect of cultivar on bulb size grades was found and the existing differences were proportional to the total marketable yield . Plant density hastened maturity of onions, and at density of 140 plants m<sup>-2</sup> the leaf fall-over occurred 9-10 days earlier as compared at density of 20 plants m<sup>-2</sup>. The cultiwars used. can be placed in the following order of decreasing productivity: 1 . Mercato F<sub>1</sub>, 2. Hysam F<sub>1</sub> and 3. Sochaczewska, - in the first expeiiment (1991-93) and 1. Annstrong F<sub>1</sub>, 2. Spirit F<sub>1</sub>, 3. Robusta, 4. Renate F<sub>1</sub>, 5. Hyduro F<sub>1</sub> and 6. Summit F<sub>1</sub> - in the second experiment (1996), respectively.

scholarly journals Interactions among genotype, environment and agronomic practices on production and quality of storage onion (Allium cepa L.) – A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Sekara ◽  
Robert Pokluda ◽  
Laura Del Vacchio ◽  
Silvano Somma ◽  
Gianluca Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Onion Bulbs ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Growing Conditions

The aim of this review is a wide description of the relationships between growing conditions and bulb yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.), focused particularly on long-day cultivars suitable for storage. Marketable yield decreases according to the reduction of crop length caused by the increase of growth temperature. The nutritive requirements of storage onion are highest during the vegetative growth. The application of humic substances and the inoculation of mycorrhizae may enhance bulb growth and quality, mainly under stress conditions. Onion is a slow-growth, shallow-rooted crop with non-shading habitus and therefore its productivity is highly dependent on water availability in the soil, proper fertilization and weed control. The shelf-life of onion bulbs is a genetic trait, improvable by efficient crop and post-harvest management, and adequate conditions of bulb storage. The quality of storage onion bulbs is ascribed to several indicators, such as thiosulfonates, pyruvic acid, soluble solids, sugars, and many other biological compounds. This review is also focused on onion quality as affected by the interactions among genotype, environment, farming practices and post-harvest management. 

scholarly journals Effect of maleic hydrazide on respiratory parameters of stored onion bulbs (Allium cepa L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddine Benkeblia
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Onion Bulbs ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The respiration rate (RR) (CO2 production), activation energy (Ea) and Q10 of maleic hydrazide-treated onion bulbs (Allium cepa, cv. Rouge Amposta) at 20.10-6 mol.L-1 (MH1) and 45.10-6 mol.L-1 (MH2) were measured at 4, 10 and 20ºC. Immediately after treatment, the Q10 of MH-treated and control bulbs were not significantly different. After 8 weeks of storage, Q10 of control and both MH-treated bulbs increased and ranged from 2.34 and 2.89. Respiration rate of onions increased during storage, and after 24 weeks, RR values of control, MH1 and MH2 were 0.43, 0.32 and 0.26 mmol CO2.kg-1.h-1 at 20ºC respectively; and 0.26, 0.20 and 0.17 mmol CO2.kg-1.h-1 at 10ºC respectively. At 4ºC, no significant difference was observed between control and MH-treated bulbs. After 24 weeks, sprouting of the control and MH1 and MH2-treated bulbs was 75%, 38% and 33% at 20ºC respectively, and 50%, 22% and 17% at 10ºC respectively. At 4ºC, the sprouting level of control bulbs did not exceed 7% and was 5% for MH-treated bulbs. No difference was observed in rotting of control and MH-treated bulbs, and the low rotting observed at 4ºC could be attributed to low temperature rather than maleic hydrazide treatment.

INFLUENCE OF PLANT DENSITY, COMPOST AND BIOFERTILIZER ON TRUE SHALLOT SEED GROWTH IN ALLUVIAL SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Gina Aliya Sopha
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Bulb Yield ◽  
Plot Design

<p>True shallot seed (<em>Allium cepa var Aggregatum group</em>) is an alternative way of growing shallot. Different environments and cultivars need a specific study. The aim of this research was to find out the best technology to grow Trisula true shallot seed by managing plant densities and applying compost and biofertilizer in alluvial soils. The study was performed from May to October 2015, using a split-plot design with four replications. The main plot was plant density: 100 plants m-2 and 70 plants m-2. Subplots were five fertilizer application combinations, they were 100% recommended dose of NPK (R-NPK), 100% R-NPK + compost, 100% R-NPK + compost + biofertilizer, 50% R-NPK + compost and 50% R-NPK + compost + biofertilizer. Results showed that biomass and bulb yield were significantly affected by plant density and fertilizer application. The reduced 50% R-NPK by substituting with compost and biofertilizer was unable to maintain shallot bulb yield equal to 100% R-NPK, suggesting insufficient nutrients derived from compost to satisfy the shallot requirement. The best technology to grow true shallot seed of Trisula variety was 100 plants m-2 plant density and 100% NPK (consisting of 180 kg N ha-1, 52 kg P ha-1 and 50 kg K ha-1) with 2.5 t ha-1 compost that achieved the highest bulb yield of 9.83 t ha-1 and increased the revenue.</p>

Effect of nitrogen on the yield and quality of irrigated onions (Allium cepa L.) cv. Cream Gold grown on siliceous sands

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
AP Dahlenburg ◽  
TK Twigden
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Scale Thickness ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

The effect of nitrogen (N), at rates up to 590 kg N/ha, on the yield and quality of Cream Gold onions grown on siliceous sands was investigated in field experiments conducted during 1987-88 (1 site) and 1988-89 (2 sites). As the rate of applied N increased there was a significant (P<0.001) increase in the fresh weight of tops harvested when the largest bulbs were 25-30 mm in diameter. Fresh weight of tops was significantly (P<0.001) correlated with final marketable yield of bulbs. Nitrogen application accelerated top senescence. Nitrogen-deficient plants had erect green tops at harvest. Marketable yield was significantly (P<0.01) increased and the yield of culls (unmarketable bulbs) was significantly (P<0.01) decreased as the rate of N increased at all sites. Nitrogen rates in the range 299-358 kg N/ha were required for 95% of maximum yield. Scale thickness increased significantly (P<0.05) and glucose and fructose concentrations decreased significantly (P<0.05) at 2 sites as the rate of applied N increased. Soluble solids and dry matter of bulbs were not affected by N. Bulb size increased as the rate of applied N increased, however, the magnitude of the effect varied between sites. Number of days to 10% sprouting during storage at 15 � 0.5�C was significantly increased as the rate of applied N increased up to 40 kg N/ha at 2 sites. We have concluded that for the cv. Cream Gold grown on siliceous sands, the high rates of fertiliser N required to maximise marketable yield and bulb size were not detrimental to quality.

Correlation Studies for Bulb Yield and Yield Contributing Traits among Onion (Allium cepa L.) Genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A. A. Gulumbe ◽  
L. Abubakar ◽  
B. M. Sokoto ◽  
A. A. Aliero
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Bulb Yield
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