scholarly journals Evaluation of the potential yield and primary symptoms of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris infection in Asian vegetables grown in the Czech Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Kopta ◽  
Eliška Peňázová ◽  
Miloš Jurica ◽  
Robert Pokluda
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection

Selected cultivars of Asian brassicacean vegetables were evaluated for their yield potential and susceptibility to bacterial infection. Chinese broccoli, two cultivars of Chinese cabbage (‘Dwarf milk cabbage’ and improved ‘Tahtsai’), and mizuna were grown in the conditions of the Czech Republic. Morphological and yield parameters for the field conditions (plant height, plant diameter, and marketable weight) were verified. In addition, genotypes were tested for resistance to black rot [<em>Xanthomonas campestris</em> pv. <em>campestris</em> (Xcc)] at the planting stage. The results show that a very promising genotype of mizuna, which yielded best (1,478 g per plant). Chinese cabbage (cultivar ‘Dwarf milk cabbage’) also showed high yield values (2,839 g per plant), especially when compared to the reference value for Napa cabbage. Chinese Cabbage 1 (‘Dwarf milk cabbage’) and mizuna also showed a low susceptibility to infection by bacterial black rot at the planting stage. Both cultivars reached Level 2 (median) of infection, which corresponds to the extent of the symptoms on 25% of the leaf surface.

scholarly journals Screening for Drought Tolerance in Thirty Three Taro Cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F.T. GANANÇA ◽  
José G.R. FREITAS ◽  
Humberto G.M. NÓBREGA ◽  
Vanessa RODRIGUES ◽  
Gonçalo ANTUNES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Drought Avoidance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Long Duration

Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] is a root crop which is an important staple food in many regions of the world, producing 10.5 million tonnes on 1.4 million hectares a year. The crop is cultivated in wet (rain fed) or irrigated conditions, requiring on average 2,500 mm water per year, and in many countries it is cultivated in flooded plots. It is estimated that taro production could decrease by 40% as a result of the increase in drought and other severe events. In this work, thirty three accessions, including local cultivars, selected and hybrid lines were submitted to long duration drought stress and screened for tolerance. Twelve physiological, morphological and agronomic traits were measured at harvest, and subject to multivariate analysis. Stress indices, Water Use Efficiency and Factorial Analysis were useful for discriminating accessions regarding drought tolerance and yield stability, and drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars were identified. Our results confirm that different taro cultivars have different drought avoidance and tolerance strategies to cope with water scarcity. Better yield performers minimised biomass and canopy loss, while tolerance was observed in cultivars that presented low potential yield, but efficiently transferred resources to enhance corm formation. Among the 33 accessions, two local cultivars showed high yield stability and could be considered as suitable parents for breeding programs, while two others are well adapted to drought, but with overall low yield potential.

scholarly journals Post-drying of energy sorrel in a grate stock

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
P. Hutla ◽  
J. Mazancová
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Large Capacity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Time Switching ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Short Time

Energy sorrel is a crop with high-yield potential and belongs among the most promissing energy crop for the Czech Republic. The suitable processing technology is harvest by the harvesting cutter with subsequent short-time storage and post-drying of chopped material in the large-capacity hayloft. For chopped sorrel were found-out hydraulic air losses during its passing through the stored layer and they were compared with values for stored forage. Two methods of drying ventilators controlling in the large-capacity heyloft were compared with the regime of time switching within chopped sorrel drying. Electric energy comsumption for ventilators drive in different regimes depends on water content in the material. Method of ventilators or time switching controlling has no effect on drying process result, thus even on water content reduction in the dried material. Under operational conditions the possibility of the chopped energy sorrel in large-capacity heyloft was verified.

Central Europe's lower yields may dampen bond outflows

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Corporate Debt ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Conditions

Subject QE’s influence on Central Europe’s bond markets. Significance Hawkish signals from the ECB are adding to recent strains on global bond markets, causing German ten-year Bund yields to shoot up to their highest levels since July. The sell-off is contributing to sharp outflows from Central Europe’s local debt markets, already under pressure as monetary tightening starts in the region; the Czech Republic, which has raised rates twice since August, is suffering the largest withdrawals. However, the absence of large inflows since the ECB started quantitative easing (QE) in 2015 could help mitigate the fallout from its end. Impacts As OPEC members reaffirm their commitment to production cuts, oil prices are shooting up to their highest level in nearly three years. Sales of speculative-grade US corporate debt have had their strongest New Year since 2014, a sign of enduring demand for high-yield bonds. The three-year low in the dollar index will help keep financial conditions loose and buoy up emerging market currencies.

Yield Potential and Stratified Growth Analysis of an Indeterminate Climbing Pole Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) in Mexico

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fanjul ◽  
J. Kohashi-Shibata ◽  
E. Hernandez-Xolocotzi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Major Factors

SUMMARYThe yield potential of a highly productive non-commercial Type IV bean cultivar was determined under optimum field conditions, grown in monoculture at 1 plant/m2 on trellises 3 m high. Canopy growth was analysed by dividing the stand into 25 cm horizontal strata. The main components of yield were number of inflorescences and number of pods per stratum. Daily yield for the growing period was 4.9 g dry weight/m2. Although a high yield per plant was recorded (823 g/plant) drop of young pods and seed abortion were the major factors reducing the potential yield.

scholarly journals Performance of Sorghum Recombinant Inbred Lines (RIL) developed for rain-fed areas of Sudan

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-406
Author(s):  
El Hassan ◽  
Yasir Gamar ◽  
Ibrahim Elzein ◽  
Asma Ali ◽  
Tareg Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Wide Range

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is the most widely produced and consumed cereal crop in Sudan. However, productivity is low since the crop is produced in favorable and unfavorable environments where the crop suffers from drought stresses at different growth stages. In the present study, six sorghum inbred lines developed by local breeding program and two commercial checks were evaluated for grain yield potential, yield stability, some important agronomic characters and grain quality properties. Series variety trials were conducted at Elobeid and Suki, Damazin areas of Sudan, during three consecutive rainy seasons. The selected locations represent low, medium and high rainfall areas of Sudan. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design. The results revealed that mean squares of genotypes, seasons, locations, location x season, location x genotypes, season x genotypes and season x location x genotype interactions were highly significant (P=0.01) for grain yield. The sorghum genotypes Edo 34-23-4, Edo 26-18 and Edo 16-dwarf produced substantially higher grain yields than commercial checks and the trial mean. Their percentage yield increase ranged from 5% to 75% over commercial checks. The stability analysis revealed that the above mentioned Edo-genotypes had high yield potentials and were stable across a wide range of agricultural conditions. Moreover, the same Edo-lines showed early maturing compared to selected commercial checks and also the Edo-lines possessed good food grains and were market preferred and acceptable for making quality kisra (fermented sorghum pancake-like flatbread). The Edo developed lines also possess the acceptable grain quality in addition to moderate physical grain characteristics such as protein content, fat acidity and moisture content.

scholarly journals STRESS TOLERANCE INDEX- A NEW INDICATOR OF TOLERANCE

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 626d-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C.J. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Yield Data

Selection criteria for identifying genotypes with high stress tolerance and high yielding potentials were compared using a moderately stressed, (Stress intensity, [1-(mean stress yield (Yp̄)/mean potential yield (Ys̄)] 0.73) and a severely stressed (Stress intensity, 0.24) mungbean yield data sets. Selection based on tolerance (T), difference between potential yield (Yp) and the yield in stress environment (Ys) favored genotypes with tolerance and low yield potentials. Selection based on the mean productivity (MP), [MP=(Yp+Ys)/2] favored the genotypes with high yielding potential. The Stress Susceptibility Index (S), (S = [(Yp-Ys)/Yp]/[(Yp̄-Ys̄)/Yp̄], also favored the low yielding and stress tolerant genotypes. These selection criteria failed to identify genotypes with high yielding and stress tolerance potentials. Thus, a selection criterion, Stress Tolerance Index (STI) is proposed here which identifies genotypes with high yield and stress tolerance potentials. The STI takes into account both stress tolerance and yield potentials. The STI is estimated as: [Yp/Yp̄][1-(T/Yp̄)]. The higher the value of STI for a genotype in a given stressed environment, the higher was its stress tolerance and yield potential. The interrelationships between these stress tolerance criteria are discussed by a biplot display.

scholarly journals Gross value yield potential of coppice, high forest and model conversion of high forest to coppice on best sites

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 536-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kneifl ◽  
J. Kadavý ◽  
R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Site Class ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Model Conversion ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

&nbsp;Based on yield tables for oak high forest and oak coppice (both first site class) and using assortment tables and assortment prices in the Czech Republic in 2009, a set of variants of conversion of high forest to coppice was simulated. Average annual cut and average gross value of annual cut of such conversions were compared with those of well-established (in terms of the age structure balance) variants of coppice and high forest. Under the existing ratio of assortment prices, established coppice does not reach the gross value yield of high forest. No variant of simulated conversions was more financially profitable than the initial high forest. Furthermore, we found out that a +16.8% increase of the current fuel wood price would counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the best coppice and the worst oak high forest variant. On the other hand, a +164.7% fuel wood price increase would be necessary to counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the worst coppice and the best high forest variants. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Simulating switchgrass aboveground biomass and production costs in eastern Canada with the Integrated Farm System Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-800
Author(s):  
Marc Duchemin ◽  
Guillaume Jégo ◽  
René Morissette
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
System Model ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Farm System ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a herbaceous perennial grass that can be used as bedding for livestock, planted in buffer strips, and used as biofuel, but it is still not widely grown in eastern Canada. The objectives of this study were to verify the performance of the Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM) in simulating switchgrass growth and to estimate its yield potential and production costs in eastern Canada. The performance of IFSM was assessed with dry matter (DM) yield of switchgrass (‘Cave-in-Rock’) measured over three growing seasons (2015–2017) in southern Quebec, Canada. The model performed reasonably well, with normalized root mean square errors of 19.5% for calibration and 27.9% for validation. Simulation results of potential yield and economic management over the long term (1986–2015) for five switchgrass production sites in eastern Canada indicated that average DM yields in Quebec City and Fredericton (9.6 and 9.7 t ha−1, respectively) were significantly lower than average DM yields in Saint-Hubert, Ottawa, and London (10.8, 10.4, and 11.0 t ha−1, respectively). Average annual production costs per tonne of DM for the spring harvest were higher at low-yield sites (CAD$66.67 and $64.50 for Fredericton and Quebec City, respectively) than at high-yield sites ($60.10, $62.82, and $60.08 for Saint-Hubert, Ottawa, and London, respectively). The IFSM-estimated production costs were within the range of the calculated values reported in other agro-economic analyses conducted in Ontario and Quebec.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequences of Two Strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Isolated in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasumi Takeuchi ◽  
Ichiro Mitsuhara
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (MAFF106712 and MAFF302021), which cause black rot in crucifer crops, isolated from Chinese cabbage and cauliflower, respectively, in Japan. The MAFF106712 chromosome was 5,002,720 bp, with a G+C content of 65.2%, and harbored one plasmid of 78,747 bp. The MAFF302021 chromosome was 5,048,651 bp, with a G+C content of 65.1%.

RELATIVE ADVANTAGE OF HIGH YIELD POTENTIAL AT LOW-YIELDING ENVIRONMENTS FOR COMMERCIAL MAIZE HYBRIDS CROPPED IN ARGENTINA

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 692-706
Author(s):  
MARIANA ANTONIETTA ◽  
JUAN J. GUIAMET
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cross Tolerance ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Better Than ◽  
High Yield Potential

SUMMARYAn extended assumption in maize breeding is that potential yield (Ymax) predicts yield (Y) under stress conditions (here, Ymin), justifying genotypic selection under moderately high-yielding environments. Moreover, it has been postulated that Y tolerance to stress is relatively independent on the main stress factor involved in Y reduction (cross-tolerance). We carried out an analysis of four datasets from Argentine Federated Farmers network (2010/11, 2011/12 and 2012/13, 11 locations and >20 hybrids) and the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) (12 locations, 13 hybrids). No consistent relation was detected between Ymax and Ymin (r2 < 0.14) in each dataset. Y stability assessed by the coefficient of variation positively related to Ymin (r2 > 0.68 across datasets) but not to Ymax. Depending on the dataset, 40–70% of the hybrids had a varying Y performance (from worse to better) compared with the average of all hybrids, with no consistent advantage of hybrids with high Ymax within the environmental range explored in the dataset. In order to assess the existence of cross-tolerance, INTA environments were divided into two groups: water-limited environments and environments exposed to other(s) type(s) of stress. While a relation was found between average yields (r2 = 0.64) of each hybrid in both environments, there was no relation for Y stability (r2 = 0.07). Taken together, our results suggest that: (i) a high Ymax is not a good indicator of high Y tolerance under stressful conditions; (ii) Y tolerance is related to high Y stability, which may or may not involve a Y penalty under high-yielding environments; (iii) around 50% of the genotypes have Y performance that is not consistently worse or better than the average throughout the range of environments explored and (iv) cross-tolerance to stress is a peculiar trait of some hybrids, but most of the hybrids analysed here do not show cross-tolerance.

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