Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

2013 ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belgin SIRIKEN
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of an Emerging Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis and Genomic Comparison with Other S. Infantis Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Cohen ◽  
Galia Rahav ◽  
Ohad Gal-Mor
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Genomic Comparison ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

Abstract Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) is one of the dominant serovars of the bacterial pathogen S. enterica. In recent years, the number of human infections caused by S. Infantis has been increasing in many countries, and often the emerging population harbors a unique virulence-resistant megaplasmid called plasmid of emerging S. Infantis (pESI). Here, we report the complete gap-free genome sequence of the S. Infantis Israeli emerging clone and compare its chromosome and pESI sequences with other complete S. Infantis genomes. We show a conserved presence of the Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1–6, 9, 11, 12, and CS54 and a common integration of five bacteriophages in the S. Infantis chromosome. In contrast, we found variable presence of additionally three chromosomally integrated phages and eight modular regions in pESI, which contribute to the genetic and phenotypic diversity (including antimicrobial resistance) of this ubiquitous foodborne pathogen.

Genetic Diversity of Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands SPI-5 and SPI-6 in Salmonella Newport

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 798-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojie Cao ◽  
Marc Allard ◽  
Errol Strain ◽  
Robert Stones ◽  
Shaohua Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Salmonella Newport ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

scholarly journals Differentially Evolved Genes of Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands: Insights into the Mechanism of Host Specificity in Salmonella

PLoS ONE ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. e3829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeepa M. Eswarappa ◽  
Jessin Janice ◽  
Arvindhan G. Nagarajan ◽  
Sudhagar V. Balasundaram ◽  
Guruswamy Karnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

scholarly journals Distribution of pathogenicity islands among Colombian isolates of Salmonella

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (09) ◽  
pp. 555-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miryan Margot Sánchez-Jiménez ◽  
Nora María Cardona-Castro ◽  
Nunzia Canu ◽  
Sergio Uzzau ◽  
Salvatore Rubino
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infection ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Reference Strains

Introduction: Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) are regions scattered along the bacterial chromosome, with an acknowledged pivotal role during gastrointestinal and systemic infection. The distribution of SPIs has been investigated in reference strains. However, there is a lack of studies on their presence and/or assortment within the genomes of Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) serovars that circulate in different geographical regions. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the presence of genes of the pathogenicity islands 1 to 5 (SPI-1 to 5), in Salmonella clinical isolates from Colombian patients with systemic and enteric outcomes. Methodology: A total of 125 strains of S. enterica belonging to different serovars were isolated from various clinical samples. Strains were identified and screened for the presence of various genes located in pathogenicity islands. The genes tested were selected according to the attributed pathogenic function and detected by PCR for the SPI-1 hilA and invA; for SPI-2 spiC and ttrC; for SPI-3 misL and mgtC; for SPI-4 orfL and SPI-4R; and for SPI-5 pipD and sopB. Results: Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1 to 5 were detected in isolates from patients with systemic and gastrointestinal infection. All the systemic isolates possessed all the genes tested; in contrast, 16 isolates from stool samples lacked one or more sequences encoded by the SPI-3 and SPI-4 (p < 0.000001). Conclusions: These results describe the heterogeneous distribution of SPIs-encoded sequences within the genomes of Colombian clinical isolates, and reveal important differences among systemic and stool sample isolates.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates in The Gambia and Senegal

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel M Dione ◽  
Usman Ikumapayi ◽  
Debasish Saha ◽  
Nuredin Ibrahim Mohammed ◽  
Richard A Adegbola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

Introduction: The prevalence of virulence genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) and its association with commonly used antibiotics in West Africa is unknown. Methodology: We tested 185 NTS isolates from children, animals, and food products for the presence of twelve virulence genes by PCR. Ten of the virulence genes tested belonged to the five Salmonella pathogenicity islands implicated in its pathogenesis. Results: Ten of twelve virulence genes except sopE and pefA were present in at least 70% of the isolates tested; sopE and pefA were observed in 33% and 44% of the isolates, respectively. The most prevalent gene was invA (99.5%), which is an invasion gene conserved within the Salmonella enterica. pipD and sopB genes, which were associated with serovar Enteritidis, were detected in 92.4% and 94.1% of isolates respectively. S. Istanbul and S. Javiana, which were isolated from chicken-serving restaurants, carried all the virulence genes of the five pathogenicity islands. There was significant association between sopB, sitC, orfLC, pipD and pefA virulence genes and resistance to commonly used antibiotics in Senegal and The Gambia, namely amoxicillin, ticarcillin, trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, trimethoprim, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulfonamides and nitrofurantoin. Conclusions: This study shows that virulence genes are present in NTS strains isolated from various sources. The significant association between some virulence genes and antibiotic resistance may have important implications with regard to the spread and persistence of resistance and virulence genes in Salmonella and to the prudent use of antimicrobial agents in humans and animals in West Africa.

scholarly journals Variation between Pathogenic Serovars within Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 3624-3635 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Amavisit ◽  
D. Lightfoot ◽  
G. F. Browning ◽  
P. F. Markham
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Endonuclease ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Southern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Sequence Elements ◽  
Base Fragment ◽  
Multiple Strains ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

ABSTRACT Although four of the five Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) have been characterized in detail for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and the fifth has been characterized for Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin, there have been limited studies to examine them in detail in a range of pathogenic serovars of S. enterica. The aim of this study was to examine these regions, shown to be crucial in virulence, in pathogenic serovars to identify any major deletions or insertions that may explain variation in virulence and provide further understanding of the elements involved in the evolution of these regions. Multiple strains of each of the 13 serovars were compared by Southern blot hybridization using a series of probes that together encompassed the full length of all five SPIs. With the exception of serovar Typhimurium, all strains of the same serovar were identical in all five SPIs. Those serovars that differed from serovar Typhimurium in SPI-1 to SPI-4 and from serovar Dublin in SPI-5 were examined in more detail in the variant regions by PCR, and restriction endonuclease digestion and/or DNA sequencing. While most variation in hybridization patterns was attributable to loss or gain of single restriction endonuclease cleavage sites, three regions, in SPI-1, SPI-3, and SPI-5, had differences due to major insertions or deletions. In SPI-1 the avrA gene was replaced by a 200-base fragment in three serovars, as reported previously. In SPI-5, two serovars had acquired an insertion with similarity to the pagJ and pagK genes between pipC and pipD. In SPI-3 the genes sugR and rhuM were deleted in most serovars and in some were replaced by sequences that were very similar to either the Escherichia coli fimbrial operon, flanked by two distinct insertion sequence elements, or to the E. coli retron phage ΦR73. The distribution of these differences suggests that there have been a number of relatively recent horizontal transfers of genes into S. enterica and that in some cases the same event has occurred in multiple lineages of S. enterica. Thus, it seems that insertion sequences and retron phages are likely to be involved in continuing evolution of the pathogenicity islands of pathogenic Salmonella serovars.

Interactome analyses of Salmonella pathogenicity islands reveal SicA indispensable for virulence

2014 ◽  
Vol 363 ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrajit Lahiri ◽  
Shrikant Pawar ◽  
Radhakrishnan Sabarinathan ◽  
Md. Izhar Ashraf ◽  
Yamini Chand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

Salmonella pathogenicity islands: big virulence in small packages

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Marcus ◽  
John H. Brumell ◽  
Cheryl G. Pfeifer ◽  
B.Brett Finlay
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands
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