A results-based system for regulating reforestation obligations

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J Martin ◽  
Shane Browne-Clayton ◽  
Eleanor McWilliams
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Management Unit ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Yield Prediction ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Target Performance ◽  
Stand Height

A results-based system for the regulation of reforestation obligations is described. The system involves establishing performance targets for harvested areas, surveying areas after harvest to assess achieved performance, and maintaining a ledger to tally target and achieved performance over a large number of cutblocks. The obligation to reforest is considered met when total achieved performance exceeds total target performance evaluated over all cutblocks. Reforestation performance is indexed by predicted merchantable volume per hectare 80 years after harvest. To obtain these volume predictions, areas are surveyed 10 years after harvest and estimates of site quality, tree stocking, species composition, and stand height are input to a set of yield prediction tables. This results-based system, which we believe improves the regulatory framework governing the reforestation of harvested areas, will be tested in a management unit (TFL 49) in southern British Columbia in 2002. Key words: results-based regulations, reforestation, yield prediction, silviculture

Croissance juvénile de marcottes d'épinette noire en régénération après récolte du couvert dominant

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1396-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Boily ◽  
René Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Management Unit ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Stand Height

Annual height growth of natural regeneration was measured in 18- to 21-year-old clear-cuts of black spruce stands growing on sites of contrasted drainage, in two ecological regions of the Haute-Gatineau-et-Cabonga management unit in western Quebec. Most regeneration was established by layering and was growing slowly on all sites at time of release by clear-cutting of the main stand. Height growth rates increased rapidly thereafter on mesic sites: about 7 to 8 years after release, it reached 15 cm or more per year, and 32 to 45 cm per year 20 years after harvest. On moist sites, growth rates of 15 cm per year were attained only 10 to 15 years after release, and did not exceed 25 cm at age 20. These results show that growth of black spruce natural regeneration is controlled more by site quality than by the mechanism responsible for reproduction.

Production of uredinia and telia by stalactiform blister rust in British Columbia

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. van der Kamp
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Alternate Hosts ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Dry Areas ◽  
Do So

Records of uredinia and telia production on the alternate hosts of Cronartium coleosporioides in British Columbia and inoculation of Castilleja miniata with aeciospores collected from various locations showed that rust isolates from dry areas of the interior of British Columbia do not produce uredinia and may have lost the ability to do so. Collections from somewhat wetter areas produced uredinia or mixtures of uredinia and telia immediately following aeciospore inoculations, and field collections from such areas in June commonly had mixtures of uredinia and telia. Loss of the uredinial stage may be a response to climates that are often unsuitable for the spread or survival of the rust on the alternate host. Key words: stalactiform rust, uredinia, telia, rust life cycle.

Comparing the Canadian pork lean yields and grading indexes predicted from grading methods based on Destron and Hennessy probe measurements

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pomar and M. Marcoux
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Yield Prediction ◽  
Probe Measurements

In Canada, actual grading methods based on Destron (DPG) and Hennessy (HGP) probe measurements were approved in 1994. This study was undertaken to verify if both grading methods predict similar lean yields and grading indexes in actual pork carcasses. Data from the following four databases were used, and included hot carcass weight, and backfat and muscle depths as measured by both probes: 1281 carcasses from the 1992 National Cutout, 495 and 76 carcasses from 1997 and 1998 Fédération des Producteurs de Porc du Québec studies respectively, and 266 from a 1999 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada study. Probes were inserted alternatively at the Canadian grading site. Grading indexes were assigned from a 1999 official grid. For the four studied databases, the HGP-DPG lean yields were different from zero (P < 0.0001) with values of 0.33, 0.35, 0.36 and 0.18%, chronologically. The HGP-DPG grading indexes were also different from zero with values of 0.51 (P < 0.0001), 0.36 (P < 0.0001) and 0.50 (P < 0.0001), 0.21 (P < 0.09), respectively. The slope between lean yields and indexes were different from one, indicating that the underestimation of lean yields and indexes by the DPG method increased with carcass leanness. Key words: Pork, Hennessy, Destron, probes, lean yield, prediction

scholarly journals Proposal and Performance Evaluation of a Magneto-Striction Type Torque Sensor Consisting of Small-Sized Coils Connected in Series

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiko Tsujisawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Sensor Drift ◽  
In Series ◽  
Target Performance ◽  
And Performance

We propose a sensor consisting of small-sized coils connected in series and a detection method for the sensor based on the iteration of the periodic time difference. The evaluation results are also presented and show the effectiveness of the proposed system. The target performance of the sensor is as follows: (i) a detection range from 0 to ±100 Nm, (ii) a hysteresis error of less than 1%, (iii) an angular-dependent noise of less than 2%, and (iv) a sensor drift of less than 2%. From the evaluation results, it is clear that these performance targets, as well as a sufficient response time, are realized.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of successional changes of xylotrophic basidiomycetes during decomposition of dominant tree species of forest formations of the Pitsunda-Myussera Reserve of the Republic of Abkhazia

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
Sofia Khacheva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Xylotrophic Basidiomycetes ◽  
Xylotrophic Fungi ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Destructive Processes

The article is about the biodiversity of xylotrophic fungi of oak and hornbeam forests of Abkhazia and related destructive processes of the main forest-forming species (oak and hornbeam). The species composition of fungi subjected to phytopathogenic and saprotrophic methods of decomposition was determined. The species composition of mycobiota, causing wood xylolysis practically up to the last stages of decomposition, has been determined. Key words: biodiversity, xylotrophic fungi, succession, Republic of Abkhazia.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KOMUNITAS MANGROVE DI KECAMATAN SEKOTONG LOMBOK BARAT NTB

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalu Japa ◽  
Didik Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Percentage Similarity ◽  
Percentage Covering ◽  
Very High ◽  
Program Version

Abstrak:Komunitas mangrove di kawasan Sekotong Lombok Barat telah diteliti untuk mengetahui komposisi spesies, kerapatan  individu setiap spesies,dan  persentase tutupannya. Total sebanyak 28 plot (kudrat) berukuran 10m x 10m dibuat pada 9 transek di lima stasiun. Foto tutupan kanopi mangrove dan parameter komposisi komunitas dianalisis menggunakan software ImageJ dan template spreadsheet. Data kerapatan pohon dan persentase tutupan mangrove dianalisis dengan ANOVA. Persentase kesamaan antara stasiun menggunakan Biodiversity Program Version 2 berdasarkan the Bray Curtis Cluster Analysis. Komunitas mangrove di Kecamatan Sekotong Lombok Barat teridenfikasi 8 spesies, meliputi 5 genus, dan 4 famili. Rhizophora apiculata tersebar disemua transek penelitian. Transek SKTM02B memiliki kerapatan pohon tertinggi sebesar 2800 pohon/ha. Tiga transek dengan persentase tutupan tertinggi berturut-turut SKTM04T, SKTM04, dan SKTM01A. Persentase kesamaan antar stasiun sangat tinggi mencapai 82,503 –  95,423%. Persentase kesamaan tertinggi (95,423%) terjadi antara stasium SKTM04 dan SKTM05. Kata kunci : mangrove, Sekotong, komposisi spesies, kerapatan, dan persentase tutupan Abstract: Community of mangrove in the area of Sekotong West Lombok has been researched to know the species composition,  individual density of each species, and percentage covering. Total number of 28 plots of 10 m x 10 m in size were set in 9 transects in 5 station. Photographs mangrove canopy covering and parameter of mangrove community composition were analyzed by using the software ImageJ and  template spreadsheet. ANOVA was applied for analyzing the data of mangrove  tree density and percentage covering. The Bray Curtis Cluster Analysis. using Biodiversity Program Version 2 was also used for analyzing the percentage similarity among station. The community of mangrove of Sekotong West Lombok consists of 8 species, 5 genera, dan 4 family. Rhizophora apiculata was recorded in all transects. The highest density (2800 trees/ha) of mangrove was recorde in ransect SKTM02B.. The three transects with the highest percentage covering were SKTM04T, SKTM04, dan SKTM01A, respectively. Percentages similarity among station were very high (82,503%  –  95,423%). SKTM04 and SKTM05 were the two station with  the highest percentage similarity (95,423%). Key words : mangrove, Sekotong, species composition, density, and percentage covering 

Improvements in the Airtightness of Housing in Richmond, British Columbia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Foroushani
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Air Leakage ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero Energy Building ◽  
Net Zero

Controlling air leakage through the building envelope remains a challenge, especially in light of the imperative to transition to a net-zero energy building sector and the increasing importance of indoor air quality during extreme weather events such as wildfires. The British Columbia Energy Step Code is a performance-based compliance option in the British Columbia Building Code which is intended to provide a transition pathway to net-zero energy ready construction by 2032. For small residential buildings, performance targets entail thresholds for the measured air leakage rate through the building envelope. This paper reports on the airtightness of the first 145 single- and two-family dwellings built under the Energy Step Code in Richmond, BC. Although the first phase of the implementation of the Energy Step Code in Richmond entailed no airtightness targets (only testing), results indicate improvement compared to the historical levels of airtightness in the region.

La riforma dei servizi pubblici locali: un cannone caricato a salve?

2009 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Antonio Massarutto
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Auction Design ◽  
Competitive Tendering ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Jel Classifications

- The Italian Parliament has recently passed a new reform of local utilities. Compulsory competitive tendering will be the rule, while direct public management will be confined only to very special cases. The article discusses the scope of the reform and its main weaknesses: the excessive width of the focus, the uncertainty on auction design issues and the lack of a proper regulatory framework besides the tender. Policy reform recommendations are proposed with the aim of informing the next phase of the policy, namely the translation of the frame legislation into detailed regulation.Key words: local utilities; liberalization.JEL classifications: L9, H4

Charity and mutual aid: the pillars of English associations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Bueltmann ◽  
Donald M. MacRaild
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Ethnic Associations ◽  
English Culture ◽  
Levels Of Support

Having established the structures and social and cultural activities of English ethnic associations, Chapter 5 examines in detail the two critical pillars of English ethnic associationalism: charity and mutual aid. It does this through the charity dispensed by St George’s societies, and the collective self-help facilitated in particular by the Sons of England (there are no detailed archives for the OSStG, hence the focus on the SoE). The chapter explores both levels of support and the regulatory framework adopted by the associations to disburse funds. By exploring the aid distributed by St George’s societies, this chapter enables us to examine the level of associational networking between organisations in dispensing charity to all immigrant groups, and the extent to which this gave those organisations a wider civic role. We have located particularly good records for the SoE in Canada and thus explore the workings of this friendly society. Quite unlike the St George’s societies, the SoE built up reserves of members’ funds, which were expended on sickness, unemployment and burial benefits. Ranging across Canada from the Maritimes to British Columbia, and entailing thousands of members in hundreds of lodges, and engaging in the good management of funds and the promulgation of a shared English culture, the Sons add very significantly to our understanding of what it meant to be English in North America.

Isoetes × marensis, a new interspecific hybrid from western Canada

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Britton ◽  
Daniel F. Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new interspecific hybrid in Isoetes, I. maritima Underw. × I. howellii Engelm., is delineated and described from the Shuswap Highlands region of British Columbia by means of cytology and scanning electron microscopy of spores. Isoetes × marensis D.M. Britton and D.F. Brunton, hyb.nov. is the name proposed for this taxon. It is triploid (3x; 2n = 33) and is believed to produce only sterile and (or) aborted spores. Hybrid plants have polymorphic spores that demonstrate size and surface ornamentation features intermediate between those of the putative parents. Three populations were examined, each growing with both of the putative parents in silt and sand among granite cobble over clay along an emergent lakeshore. Isoetes × marensis is the first described North American hybrid involving an amphibious Isoetes. It is expected to be a rare taxon owing to the restricted sympatric area of the putative parents and their tendency to occupy different habitats. Key words: Isoetes, Isoetes howellii, Isoetes maritima, hybrid, British Columbia.

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