Yield and Wood Properties of 25-year-old Japanese Larch of Different Provenance in Eastern Canada

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Fowler ◽  
J. D. Simpson ◽  
Y. S. Park ◽  
M. H. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Wood Properties ◽  
Japanese Larch ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Yield data from a 25-year-old trial of Japanese larch (20 provenances), European larch (3 provenances) and tamarack (2 provenances) are presented. Japanese larch is genetically variable in volume of wood produced at age 25 years. The pattern of variation is not closely related to any commonly measured geographic or environmental variables.Japanese larch, managed over short rotations, is capable of producing two to three times more wood than other conifer species commonly planted in the Maritimes Region of Canada. The mean annual increment of merchantable wood for trees of the three best provenances at age 25 years is about 12 m3/ha per year, while that of the poorest provenance is about the same as for European larch and tamarack, 4 m3/ha per year. Japanese larch wood sawed, dried and machined well. It appears suited for general construction use and may be eligible for a stress grade.

Effects of girdling and gibberellin A4/7 on flowering of European and Japanese larch grafts in an outdoor clone bank

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Philipson
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Japanese Larch ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
European Larch ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pollen Cone ◽  
Stem Girdling

Field-grown European larch (Larixdecidua Mill.) and Japanese larch (Larixkaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.) grafts were treated with main-stem girdling applied with or without injection of gibberellin A4/7 (GA4/7). The level of female coning was low in the untreated trees and was significantly increased by girdling; the mean number of seed cones per tree, on trees receiving girdling alone, was 71 for the European larch and 50 for the Japanese larch. There was considerable male flowering on the untreated trees, (701 and 1208 cones per tree on the European and Japanese larch, respectively), and on trees receiving girdling alone there were 1356 pollen cones per tree on the European larch, and 2035 on the Japanese larch, representing increases of 94 and 68%, respectively, compared with the untreated trees. The overall girdling effect on male flowering, however, was not statistically significant for either species. GA4/7 application produced no significant increases in coning, and in fact fewer pollen cones were observed on GA4/7-treated grafts than on grafts without GA4/7. Between 6 and 12% of the pollen-cone buds on untreated trees did not flush successfully, and the GA4/7 application significantly increased this proportion of unflushed buds. Girdling is an easy and effective treatment to increase female coning of European and Japanese larch and may also result in increases in pollen cones; thus, it would be a useful treatment to assist in the breeding of these species and the production of their hybrid (Larix ×eurolepis A. Henry).

scholarly journals Wood properties of exotic larch grown in eastern Canada and north-eastern United States

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Chui ◽  
Glenda MacKinnon-Peters
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Length ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Extractive Content ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Larix Leptolepis ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
North Eastern

The rapid growth performance of exotic larch such as Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis (Sieb. et Zucc) Gord.) and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) has attracted the attention of the forestry sector in eastern Canada and north-eastern United States for lumber and pulp production. While growth performance of these species in North America has been well documented, little is known with regards to their wood properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the primary lumber grade yields, mechanical properties, fiber length, specific gravity and cold-water soluble extractives of larch from plantations in Maine, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. Samples were obtained from a Japanese (age 31), three European (age 17, 34 and 63) and one Japanese × European hybrid (age 22-27) larch stands. It was found that the structural grade yields of these species were relatively low because of the influence of knots. The mechanical properties (modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity) of the mature European larch appeared to be comparable with published data for some native softwood species. Fiber length, specific gravity and cold-water soluble extractive content of all samples were similar to those found for other softwood species which are used for pulp production. Fiber length of the juvenile wood of European larch was significantly shorter than that of mature wood. Extractive content was highest in newly formed heartwood. Contrary to common belief, extractive content in young trees may not be low. Key words: Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis Gord.), European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), European × Japanese hybrid (Larix eurolepis), Wood properties, Lumber yields

scholarly journals Gross value yield potential of coppice, high forest and model conversion of high forest to coppice on best sites

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 536-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kneifl ◽  
J. Kadavý ◽  
R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Site Class ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Model Conversion ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

 Based on yield tables for oak high forest and oak coppice (both first site class) and using assortment tables and assortment prices in the Czech Republic in 2009, a set of variants of conversion of high forest to coppice was simulated. Average annual cut and average gross value of annual cut of such conversions were compared with those of well-established (in terms of the age structure balance) variants of coppice and high forest. Under the existing ratio of assortment prices, established coppice does not reach the gross value yield of high forest. No variant of simulated conversions was more financially profitable than the initial high forest. Furthermore, we found out that a +16.8% increase of the current fuel wood price would counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the best coppice and the worst oak high forest variant. On the other hand, a +164.7% fuel wood price increase would be necessary to counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the worst coppice and the best high forest variants.  

scholarly journals Limits to CO2-Neutrality of Burning Wood. (Review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
J. Abolins ◽  
J. Gravitis
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Richards Equation ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Excess Amount ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Fire Wood

Abstract Consumption of wood as a source of energy is discussed with respect to efficiency and restraints to ensure sustainability of the environment on the grounds of a simple analytical model describing dynamics of biomass accumulation in forest stands – a particular case of the well-known empirical Richards’ equation. Amounts of wood harvested under conditions of maximum productivity of forest land are presented in units normalised with respect to the maximum of the mean annual increment and used to determine the limits of CO2-neutrality. The ecological “footprint” defined by the area of growing stands necessary to absorb the excess amount of CO2 annually released from burning biomass is shown to be equal to the land area of a plantation providing sustainable supply of fire-wood.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN AWAL TITI (Gmelina moluccana)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
Febian. F. Tetelay ◽  
Lily Pelupessy ◽  
Yacob Rahayaan ◽  
Bronie S Serlaloy ◽  
Hein A. Nimreskossu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Sunlight Intensity

Titi or Gmelina moluccana is a type of the Lamiaceae family that grows in Maluku. Although this species is local, there is still very little information about its growth. This study aims to determine the growth of this species from planting in the field until the sixth year, environmental factors that affect its growth. Data collected in the form of plant height and diameter, air temperature, humidity, soil pH, soil moisture, sunlight intensity. Environmental factors are then related to plant height and diameter to determine environmental factors that affect the growth of these plants through multiple linear regression equations. Besides, the mean annual  increment and the current annual increment is also calculated to determine the cycle of this plant. Based on the results of research, Titi plants up to the sixth year have an men annual increment and the current annual increment is 0.99 meters/year and 1.46 meters for height and 1.62 cm/year and 2.50 cm for diameter. Until the sixth year this species has not entered the techniquecycle, while for woodworking purposes, this species can be harvested at the age of 24.5 years. Environmental factors that affect the growth of Titi are soil pH and soil moisture.

scholarly journals Effect of Spacing Regimes on Growth, Yield, and Wood Properties ofTectona grandisat Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliakimu Zahabu ◽  
Tumaini Raphael ◽  
Shabani Athumani Omari Chamshama ◽  
Said Iddi ◽  
Rogers Ernest Malimbwi
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Rotation Age ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study examined the effects of planting spacing on growth, yield, and wood properties of teak planted at square spacing regimes of 2 m, 3 m, and 4 m at Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania. To achieve this, tree, stand, and wood properties were studied at age of 14 years. Results showed that diameter at breast height and total height increased with increasing spacing. Mean annual increment increased significantly with increasing spacing while spacing did not have significant effect on total volume production and basal area. Basic density is also not affected by spacing while heartwood proportion increases as planting spacing increases. All studied wood properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compression strength tangential to grain, and shear tangential to the grain) except cleavage tangential to grain were not significantly affected by increasing spacing. It is recommended to use the spacing of 3 × 3 m, but if thinning can be done before onset of competition at 5 years, the currently used spacing of 2.5 × 2.5 m can still be used. However, the use of a spacing of 4 × 4 m can give at least 50% heartwood at shorter rotation age of 30 years.

scholarly journals Productive potential of Tectona grandis in Midwest Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Antonio Medeiros ◽  
Haroldo Nogueira de Paiva ◽  
Álvaro Augusto Vieira Soares ◽  
Gustavo Eduardo Marcatti ◽  
Fausto Hissahi Takizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Teak Plantations ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study aimed to assess the productive potential of teak plantations in the state of Mato Grosso, Midwest Brazil. We modeled the mean annual increment at the age of 12 years (MAI12) as a function of climatic, edaphic and physiographic variables using artificial neural networks (ANN). The ANNs were shown effective in modeling the mean annual increment, despite of some inconsistences found for areas for which part of the environmental information was not available. The greatest proportion of the land covered by our study (62%) presented moderate productivity, ranging from 10.24 m3 ha-1 year-1 to 28.76 m3 ha‑1 year‑1 MAI12. The highest (MAI12 > 28.76 m3 ha-1 year-1) and the lowest (MAI12 < 10.24 m3 ha‑1 year‑1) productivity areas accounted for 18% and 20% of the study area, respectively. Studies comprising a more comprehensive coverage of the teak production areas are encouraged in order to improve estimation accuracy.

scholarly journals Effect of soil type on mean annual increment, wood anatomy and properties of 33-year-old Corymbia citriodora (Hook.), K. D. Hill, & L. A. S. Johnson

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e558101019004
Author(s):  
Willyam de Lima Vieira ◽  
Erick Phelipe Amorim ◽  
Caio Corsato Correa ◽  
Fabio Minoru Yamaji ◽  
Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fiber Cell Wall ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Corymbia Citriodora ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

This study aimed to determine the effects of physical, chemical and water-holding capacity of Quartzarenic Neosol, Red Latosol and Red Nitosol on tree growth, physicomechanical properties and anatomical features of wood from 33-year-old C. citriodora plantations. More clayey soils with higher water availability, such as Red Latosol and Red Nitosol, increased the mean annual increment and heartwood percentage. In more sandy soils, such as Quartzarenic Neosol, density increased, but the size and diameter of fibers and vessels decreased, and both fiber cell wall thickness and frequency of vessels and rays increased. Wood shrinkage and mechanical properties did not differ between soils. We observed a gradual increase in the anatomical, physical and mechanical characteristics in the pith-bark direction. The uniformity index showed that Quartzarenic Neosol and Red Latosol soils produced more homogeneous woods. We concluded that soil texture and water availability influenced tree growth, anatomical properties and wood density.

scholarly journals The development and growth of larch stands in Lithuania

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godvod Kšištof ◽  
Brazaitis Gediminas ◽  
Bačkaitis Julius ◽  
Kulbokas Gintaras
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Tree Dieback ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Changing climate conditions and increasing demands for timber and wood products create a need to cultivate highly productive forest stands. High productivity, good wood quality and adaption to climate change make European larch a promising species for Lithuania. The aim of this research was to evaluate the productivity and sustainability of the larch stands. We tested the hypothesis that larch stands mixed with other species are more productive than the pure larch stands. In total, our study sampled 138 larch stands, mixed stands (91) and pure stands (47) that aged between 30 and 60 years old in Lithuania. We evaluated these stands using dendrologic, dendrometric and phytocoenological characteristics and determined the main factors affecting productivity and stability of larch stands. Our study showed that pure larch stands have higher mean annual increment and are more productive than mixed larch stands. However, we found that timber volumes decreased in both pure and mixed larch stands over 50 years of age. This happens due to the absence of forestry treatments, such as thinnings in the larch stands, thus resulting in natural tree dieback. The development of thinning guidelines could make larch stands a valuable and productive source of timber.

scholarly journals Introduction of suitable species for planting in gaps of different size (case study: Loveh forest, Golestan, Iran)

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Parhizkar Pejman ◽  
Sagheb-Talebi Khosro ◽  
Shahini Yaser ◽  
Teimouri Maryam
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study was carried out in Loveh forest, north of Iran. We measured the quantitative characteristics of seedlings including collar diameter (measured at 1 cm above the soil surface), height, and current annual height increment and calculated the mean annual increments of height and diameter. Ten gaps with the same climatic, edaphic and topographic conditions were selected. In each gap, two transects, 2 m wide, were laid along the longest (North-South) and the shortest (West-East) axis. Nine sampling microplots, 4 m<sup>2</sup> area, were established: one at the centre, four at the edges and four under the canopy within the transects. Results showed that the highest frequency of seedlings was seen in medium-size gaps (200–500 m<sup>2</sup>). Quantitative characteristics of oak seedlings were better in small and medium-size gaps. There was a significant difference in the length of spring shoots, mean annual increment of height and mean annual increment of diameter between the species. Hornbeam, wild service and wild cherry seedlings are recommended for faster gap recovery, as the results showed that these species had the highest values of studied variables.

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