Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement are on the Way in Quebec

1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armand G. Corriveau ◽  
Gilles Vallée
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Forest Resource ◽  
Forest Genetics ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Genetics Research ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
The Sixties

Recent interest in forest genetics in Québec is related to the abundant forest resource and to serious natural regeneration problems after harvest. Initiated mainly at the end of the sixties, progress in forest genetics research and tree improvement is presented for economically important species. Tree improvement is viewed not only as a tool to obtain superior returns from artificial regeneration, but as a means to insure seed and seedling supplies. Finally important areas of research and development requiring more support are identified.

Tree Improvement Research and Development in Canada

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Fowler ◽  
E. K. Morgenstern
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Industries ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Reforestation Program

As a result of increased utilization of the forest resources in Canada and large losses to forest fires, insects and diseases natural regeneration has been found to be inadequate and artificial regeneration by seeding and planting has been developed on a large scale during the past 30 years. This expansion of the reforestation program has provided the stimulus for the development of tree improvement programs in all 10 provinces. The role and cooperation of federal and provincial organizations, forest industries and universities in research and development is described.

scholarly journals The contribution of natural and artificial regeneration at the restoration of fire-affected peri-urban forest of Thessaloniki (Northern Greece)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Pinus Brutia ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
Cupressus Arizonica

<p>In this study, the post-fire regeneration of three coniferous species (<em>Pinus brutia, Cupressus sempervirens </em>and<em> Cupressus arizonica)</em> was examined in the peri-urban forest of Thessaloniki, Northern Greece. The wildfire took place in July 1997 and burned almost 60% of the forest vegetation. During the autumn of 2010, 34 experimental plots were established in all aspects within the burned area. In each experimental plot the following measurements were carried out: height, diameter at breast height and crown projection in two perpendicular diameters. The results show that the <em>Pinus brutia </em>individuals, most of which came from natural regeneration, presented the best growth, in relation to the two other species in all aspects. As for <em>Cupressus sempervirens</em>, equal parts of which came from natural and artificial regeneration was characterized by remarkable growth especially in the Northeastern aspect. Finally, <em>Cupressus arizonica</em> existed in all aspects except the Northeastern. It also presented a satisfactory development, especially on the Southern aspect. Fourteen years after the fire pure or mixed stands of the above mentioned species show vigorous growth and good stem quality. Finally, the rates of participation of individual forest species indicate that the restoration has been achieved mainly by natural regeneration.</p>

scholarly journals Development and dynamics of mountain spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karsten) stand regeneration

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Malík ◽  
J. Remeš ◽  
S. Vacek ◽  
V. Štícha
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
National Park ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tree Layer

We summarized development and dynamics of natural regeneration in mountain spruce forests in areas affected by bark beetle gradation in the &Scaron;umava National Park. Detailed measurements of the regeneration were carried out using Field-Map technology (www.fieldmap.com) on ten permanent research plots. Research plots included the forests with decaying tree layer, stands in partial decline and stands with a generally healthy, or only partially damaged tree layer. Differences in rates of regeneration are very significant between the particular types of plots, especially in the youngest age class. Differences are also evident in the seedling height under varying treatments. The highest numbers of recruits (9,880 per ha) were found under intact overstorey canopies, while the fastest height growth occurred on clearcuts. This study also investigated and evaluated artificial regeneration done in the past. &nbsp;

Tree Improvement Programs And Their Role in Canadian Forestry

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
A. Carlisle
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Tree Crop ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Integrated Program

The report reviews present tree improvement programs in Canada, the benefits which can be expected from these programs, and the need for genetically superior seed in Canada's future planting and seeding programs.Tree improvement has an important role to play in Canada's forest economy. The selection and use of genetically superior seed can result in appreciable gains in tree crop yield, crop security and wood quality. The costs of implementation of tree improvement programs per acre of land to be planted and seeded are relatively low compared with other means of increasing yield, and the potential returns on the investment are high. Small improvements in wood quality can greatly increase mill profits. The seed requirements for Canada's future planting and seeding programs can only be met by an integrated program of work by federal, provincial, industrial and university agencies on both research and development aspects of tree improvement.

Thinking about the economics of genetic resource management for Canadian forestry

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan McKenney
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Forest Economics ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Forest Genetics ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Intensive Silviculture ◽  
Trade Offs

This paper reviews the rationale and approach to economic analysis of practices aimed at managing the genetic aspects of forests. Some forest genetics, like tree improvement, involve costs aimed at increasing wood production. Other "forest genetics" activities may be aimed at managing populations of both commercial and non-commercial values. Economic analysis is relevant to both categories but it can be misapplied and mis-interpreted. Good economic analysis should confront the notion of trade-offs head-on, whether assessing intensive silviculture or options to achieve the non-wood objectives so mired in current management. The paper provides a background on forest economics in both settings, an actual tree improvement example, and some conjecture on future directions in applied forest economics. Key words: forest economics, forest genetics and tree improvement, evolutionary processes, trade-offs

Economic analysis of stand establishment for Scots pine

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1179-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Hyytiäinen ◽  
Sakari Ilomäki ◽  
Annikki Mäkelä ◽  
Kaarlo Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Rotation Periods ◽  
Forest Growth Model ◽  
Soil Preparation

Experimental data, a process-based forest growth model, and stand-level economic optimization were combined to investigate financial returns from investments for establishing Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in southern Finland. Four regeneration methods (planting, sowing, and natural regeneration with 25 or 100 seed trees·ha–1) and three intensities of soil preparation (unprepared, conventional harrowing, intensive harrowing) are compared. At a 1% interest rate, artificial regeneration by planting or sowing and high investment in soil preparation yielded the highest net present values. Natural regeneration involves low material and labor costs and becomes the optimal regeneration method at a 3% interest rate. Sowing and natural regeneration yielded equally good economic outcomes at a 5% interest rate. Owing to overlapping rotation periods, natural regeneration with a high number of seed trees yielded a long-run timber supply comparable to that obtained with artificial regeneration. However, constraints limiting density and retention time for seed trees involve additional costs with natural regeneration. Optimal thinning aimed at artificial regeneration may provide an attractive option for converting the stand to natural regeneration.

scholarly journals Cost analysis of artificial and natural oak regeneration in selected forest districts

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kaliszewski
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Oak Regeneration ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Commercial Thinning ◽  
Wildlife Damage

Abstract The aim of the paper is to present the results of a cost analysis for artificial and natural oak regeneration in selected forest districts in Poland. This research was conducted in six forest districts with a high share of natural oak regeneration, located in south-western and central Poland. Altogether 65 plots with artificial and 35 plots with natural regeneration were analysed based on the extent of silvicultural (weeding, blank-filling and pre-commercial thinning) and protective measures (chemical and mechanical wildlife damage control, fencing) performed on the regenerated areas for the six years following forest regeneration. An intensity ratio (i.e., a proportion of the area of measures to the area of forest regeneration) as well as the mean unit costs of the measures and mean costs of the measures per hectare of forest regeneration were calculated. The results show that the total costs of silvicultural and protective measures in natural oak regeneration were considerably lower as compared to artificial regeneration. The cumulative average costs during 6 years (without costs of fencing) amounted to 1216 PLN/ ha and 6543 PLN/ha for natural and artificial regeneration respectively. Lower costs of natural oak regeneration resulted from the complete lack of expenditures on seedlings and planting, a considerably lower weeding intensity, scarce blank-filling, and the absence of mechanical wildlife damage control measures. Nonetheless, natural regeneration generated higher costs for pre-commercial thinning due to its higher intensity, earlier initiation, and higher unit costs compared to artificial regeneration, as well as chemical wildlife damage control measures, for which the unit costs were higher by over 50%. However, the higher costs of pre-commercial thinning and chemical control measures did not significantly affect the measurable financial benefits of natural regeneration. In conclusion, the matter of financial viability of natural oak regeneration should be explored in more detail over longer time spans.

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