Tulip-Poplar Hardiness Trials in Southern Ontario

1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-236
Author(s):  
H. Cedric Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Liriodendron Tulipifera ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Tulip Poplar

Three strains of tulip-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) were planted in 13 plots in the spring of 1973 and in one plot in the spring of 1975 in four of the climatic zones of southern Ontario. The study was designed to evaluate their hardiness north of its natural range in Ontario. Initial results after five growing seasons indicate that tulip-poplar can be safely planted north of its natural range in climatic zone D providing it is planted in woodlot openings where there is protection from early fall frosts.

scholarly journals Mortality Rate Due to Circulatory and Alcohol-Dependent Diseases in Different Climatic Zones of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1867-1872
Author(s):  
Tatiana P. Yakovleva ◽  
Natalia I. Nikitina ◽  
Zhanna R. Gardanova ◽  
Natalia S. Mikhailova ◽  
Albina V. Gaponenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

AIM: Evaluation of the impact of climatic factors on the formation of mortality due to circulatory diseases and a group of diseases related to alcohol consumption identified as alcohol-dependent. METHODS: The study subject was the adult population residing in different climatic zones of Russia: in the second, third and fourth zones, with different conditions: average annual temperature (5.2°C; 1-2°C; -2.0°C), snow cover duration (≤ 150 days, ≤ 180 days, ≈ 220 days) sunshine duration and the presence of polar night and polar day in the territory of the fourth climatic zone. The assessment “impact-case of death” was carried out by calculating the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for circulatory system diseases (CSD) and alcohol-dependent diseases (ADD) in accordance with the international classification of diseases (ICD-X). RESULTS: The SIR of death from alcohol-dependent diseases for the female population in the 4th climatic zone (Murmansk Region) was the highest: the SIR of death from ADD 1.87; 95% CI (1.5-2.7), the SIR of death from CSD 1.3; 95% CI (1.2-2.3). For the female population in the 3rd climatic zone (Novosibirsk Region), the SIR of death has amounted to: SIRADD 1.52; 95% CI (1.2-1.87), SIRCSD 1.14; 95 CI (1.01-1.3). Living in the 3rd climatic zone was not so important for the health of the male population: the SIR of death from CSD 1.1; 95% CI (1.05-1.13); the SIR of death from ADD 0.8; 95% CI (0.65-0.98). However, living in the 4th climatic zone (Murmansk Region) poses a higher risk of death for the male population: SIRCSD 1.22 (22.0%); 95% CI (1.02-3.95); SIRADD 1.45 (45.0%); 95% CI (0.98-2.1). CONCLUSION: Living in high northern latitudes contributes to higher levels of mortality, both female and male, from circulatory and alcohol-dependent diseases.

scholarly journals Green Premium Evidence from Climatic Areas: A Case in Southern Europe, Alicante (Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Taltavull de La Paz ◽  
V. Perez-Sanchez ◽  
Raul-Tomas Mora-Garcia ◽  
Juan-Carlos Perez-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Incentive Policies ◽  
Price Reference

The existence of a green premium in house (asking) prices in Alicante province, Spain, are analyzed using circa 9000 property observations. In developing the sample, information from energy efficiency certificates was matched with two other databases. The model tests for green premium by climatic zones using pool Ordinary Least Squares (pool-OLS) and Instrumental Variables (IV) hedonic models, adds new knowledge concerning the existence of green premiums from Southern Europe, explores differences in their estimation by climatic zone, debates the nature of the estimated green parameters, and explains the role of endogeneity in hedonic green premium models. The empirical evidence assesses the sensitivity of asking price to either energy consumption (KWh) or carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) with an apparent premium of 3%, and captures an association with efficiency rating from G to F of 1.8% and from F to E of 1.1%. Significantly, the results relating to price responses show a distinct variation between the coast and the cooler climatic zone of the interior. The paper shows that energy efficiency incentive policies should discriminate by climatic areas, and provides a price reference by which to assess the amount of incentives needed to achieve European Union (EU) objectives.

The life histories of north-temperate populations of the crayfish Cambarus robustus and Cambarus bartoni

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2313-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premysl Hamr ◽  
Michael Berrill
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
The Third ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
First Time

The life histories of the crayfish Cambarus robustus and Cambarus bartoni were studied in the Kawartha Lakes region of southern Ontario. There were marked differences in their breeding and molting cycles compared with the familiar pattern of the Orconectes species of this region. Egg extrusion occurred later (July in C. robustus, June in C. bartoni), and juveniles therefore did not become free living until late summer or early fall. With little growing time in their first summer, they measured only 5–10 mm in carapace length (CPL) before growth ceased for the winter. At the end of their second summer the still immature crayfish measured 17–26 mm CPL in C. robustus and 13–20 mm CPL in C. bartoni. Maturity was therefore not attained until the end of the third summer, when most C. robustus matured at 34–45 mm CPL and C. bartoni at 25–30 mm CPL. The majority of individuals apparently reproduced for the first time during their fourth summer; a few apparently survived into another summer, reaching carapace lengths greater than 50 mm in C. robustus and 30 mm in C. bartoni. In males of both species, form 1 and form 2 occur throughout the summer. Although lacking the synchrony of Orconectes species, breeding and molting activities are still confined to the period between April and October. The timing of the life-history events observed in these two Cambarus species may be adaptations to seasonal stresses of the swift water environments that these species inhabit as well as to the relative harshness of the northern temperate climate.

Appraisal of Cluster Front Line Demonstration on Rapeseed and Mustard in Biharand Jharkhand

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Anjani Kumar ◽  
Amrendra Kumar ◽  
Sudeepa Kumari Jha ◽  
Sumit Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
South West ◽  
Benefit Cost

Performance of ten varieties of rapeseed and mustard were assessed through cluster frontline demonstration (CFLD) under different agro-climatic condition of Bihar and Jharkhandcontinuously for four years (2017-18 to 2020-21) by the KVKs of Bihar and Jharkhand.Among the agro-climatic zones of Bihar, highest yield was recorded in the demonstratedplot from zone III (B) i.e. South-West alluvial plain in case of variety RH 0749 (15.29 q/ha) and in Jharkhand state from zone I (Central and North astern plateau) with varietyNRCHB 101 (13.31 q/ha). Lowest technology index was observed for variety RajendraSufalam in all the zone (-4.96, 5.53, 7.18 and 22.92 % in zone I, III (B), III (A) & II) ofBihar and NRCHB 101 (23.15% in zone I) in Jharkhand. The range of extension gapwas1.38 to 4.37 and 1.13 to 4.86 q/ha under the agro-climatic zone of Bihar and Jharkhand,respectively. Pooled data shows that in Bihar, maximum net return (Rs. 46986 /ha) wasobtained in variety Rajendra Sufalam in agro-climatic zone III A of Bihar with benefit costratio 3.85:1 whereas under agro-climatic condition of Jharkhand maximum net return (Rs.39598 /ha) was recoded from variety NRCHB 101 with benefit cost ratio 2.80:1

Sources and Determinants of Agricultural Growth in Uttar Pradesh (India): Agro-Climatic Zone Level Analysis

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Area Expansion ◽  
Level Analysis

The present paper inspects the sources and determinants of agricultural growth for the crop sector in Uttar Pradesh (India) from 2004-05 to 2015-16. The decomposition and panel data regression was used to derive the results at the agro-climatic zone (ACZ) level in Uttar Pradesh.The results revealed that: First,growth prospects via area expansion were limited due to land constraints in all agro-climatic Zones exceptZone-2 and 7. Second, agricultural growth decomposing to output prices was the highest in Zone-1 and 5 while lowest in Zone-7 and 8. Third, agricultural growth had the highest stake in yields in agro-climatic Zone-8 and 4, while lowest in Zone-2 and 1. Fourth, it was witnessed that diversification wasan important source of agricultural growth across all ACZ in Uttar Pradesh. It was also observed that the contribution of various sources to agricultural growth by the crop sector across the various zone level had widespread fluctuations. Moreover, the panel dataregression results showed that the rural infrastructure along with mechanization had a positive and significant impact on per ha value of the output ofthe crop sectorwhileclimatic factors viz., temperature difference and rainfall variability agricultural markets per hectare had influenced negatively of per hectare value of output by crop sector.The findings suggested a need to improve the rural infrastructural, institutional, technological, and climatic strengthening through new programmes and policies, directly or indirectly affecting agricultural growth, food security, and farmers' income.

Surface urban heat island variation over major Indian cities across different climatic zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pir Mohammad ◽  
Ajanta Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Intensity Difference ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
General Sequence ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Surface Urban Heat Island ◽  
Indian Cities

<p>Surface urban heat island (SUHI) is a major anthropogenic alteration of the urban environment, and its geospatial pattern remains poorly understand over a larger area. SUHI has been investigated in many regions of the world, but the complete understanding of its dynamics over a large area, across different climatic regime is missing, especially in India. In this study, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), land surface temperature (LST) data from 2003 to 2018 is used to investigate the diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variations in the SUHI intensity, difference in urban and rural LST, across 150 major Indian cities situated over different climatic zones. The result shows the presence of surface urban heat/cool island depending upon climatic zones and seasons. The general sequence of mean SUHI intensity observed over different climatic zones is winter nighttime>summer nighttime>winter daytime>summer daytime. During the daytime, the cities situated in tropical monsoon (Am) (coastal cities), hot steppe (BSh), and hot desert (BWh) climatic zone shows a cool urban island, especially in summer. The nighttime SUHI intensity showed less obvious seasonal variations and always showed positive heat intensity. The cities situated in the humid subtropical (Cwa) zone, which is mainly Indo-Gangetic plain and a major hub of the Indian population, shows strong daytime as well as nighttime SUHI intensity. Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator test are used to detect the long-term trend of SUHI intensity in different climatic zones. The results show the presence of a decreasing trend in most of the cities during the daytime as compared to nighttime in both the summer/winter season.</p>

Contribution of overwintering leaves to the growth of three broad-leaved, evergreen shrubs belonging to the Ericaceae family

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1248-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Reader
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Labrador Tea ◽  
Ledum Groenlandicum

Individual leaves of three bog ericads, leatherleaf (Chamaedaphne calyculata), bog laurel (Kalmia polifolia), and Labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum), were retained for a maximum of two growing seasons in a peat bog in southern Ontario. The premature loss of mature leaves, resulting from artificial defoliation, significantly reduced the growth of new shoots of L. groenlandicum and K. polifolia but not of C. calyculata. Defoliation effects were directly proportional to the normal retention time for overwintering leaves. Mature leaves probably translocate photosynthate, nitrogen, and phosphorus to other plant parts. This would explain why leaf dry weights were greatest at the start, rather than at the end, of the leaves' second growing season. Net photosynthetic rates decreased with leafage, but in terms of leaf nitrogen content, new and old leaves fixed equal amounts of carbon.

Leaf area duration in natural range and exotic Pinus taeda

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Albaugh ◽  
H. Lee Allen ◽  
José Luiz Stape ◽  
Thomas R. Fox ◽  
Rafael A. Rubilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Exotic Tree ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
The One

Exotic Pinus taeda L. plantations may be more productive than native ones. Several hypotheses may explain this difference; however, process models with a light-interception-driving variable cannot test these hypotheses without foliage display first being quantified in native and exotic trees. We quantified leaf area duration in North Carolina, USA (natural), and Gobernador Virasoro, Argentina (exotic), with no additional nutrients and optimum fertilizer treatments. More (60%–100%) foliage was displayed but for a shorter (∼86 fewer days) time per fascicle in the exotics than in the naturals. Study inference was limited, with only one native and one exotic site. However, while the sites were markedly different in soils, climate, resource availability, and genetics, and we observed significant differences in fascicle display and longevity, most fascicles at both sites survived two growing seasons: the one in which they were produced and the subsequent one. This robust finding indicates it would be reasonable to use two growing seasons for fascicle longevity in process modeling to test hypotheses explaining growth differences in native and exotic loblolly. Fertilization had no effect on any exotic tree parameter, but it increased natural tree fascicle number (24%) and length (30%).

Imazamox Rates, Timings, and Adjuvants Affect Imidazolinone-Tolerant Winter Wheat Cultivars

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Frihauf ◽  
Stephen D. Miller ◽  
Craig M. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Early Fall

Irrigated field experiments were conducted near Torrington, WY, during the 2001 to 2002 (year 1) and 2002 to 2003 (year 2) winter wheat growing seasons to evaluate cultivar response to different imazamox rates, adjuvants, and application timings. Five cultivars were treated postemergence in the early fall (EF), late fall (LF), or early spring (ES) with imazamox at 54 or 108 g ai/ha, including either nonionic surfactant (NIS) at 0.25% or methylated seed oil (MSO) at 1% (v/v) as adjuvants. A 28% urea ammonium nitrate solution at 1% (v/v) was included with all treatments. Spring injury was more severe in year 1 than year 2. Severe spring injury on ‘AP502 CL’, ‘Above’, ‘IMI-Fidel’, ‘IMI-Jagger’, and ‘IMI-Madsen’ was linked to fall application of 108 g/ha imazamox with MSO. Imazamox applied at 108 g/ha plus MSO applied in the fall consistently injured all cultivars more than the same rate with NIS and 54 g/ha imazamox regardless of adjuvant and timing, although severity of injury in the experiments differed between EF and LF timings in years 1 and 2, respectively. Correlation analysis supports injury reduced reproductive tillers per meter of row and wheat yields and increased the number of seeds per spike in year 1. The reduction of reproductive tillers per meter of row in year 1 was likely the result of severe injury caused by 108 g/ha imazamox applied in the EF coupled with little snow cover to protect against cold winter temperatures. Wheat yield in year 1 was reduced by 108 g/ha imazamox applied in the early fall; however, imazamox applied at 54 g/ha with either adjuvant in EF, LF, or ES were safe. Yield parameters and wheat yields in year 2 were not affected by imazamox rate, adjuvant, timing, or interactions of these factors.

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