A Canadian Example of Government-Industry Collaboration In Tree Improvement

1976 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Yeatman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Future Supply ◽  
High Quality Seed

A program of provenance testing, seed production and genetic improvement of jack pine was developed in the Baskatong region of western Quebec through sustained collaboration among government forest services and forest industry. Research plantations demonstrated, within a period of 10 years from establishment, the superiority in growth, cold hardiness and disease resistance of regionally adapted local seed sources. Critical differences were evident between provenances from the Boreal Forest Region and those from the adjacent Sections of the Great Lakes — St. Lawrence Forest Region.A 300-acre (120 ha) seed production area was created within a genetically superior jack pine population of natural origin in the Côte Jaune area west of Lake Baskatong. Within this population, 325 plus trees were selected, marked and recorded over two years by student crews employed in the summer. Seed harvested from the felled plus trees will be used to create a seedling seed orchard and to establish progeny tests. The plus trees are to be grafted for controlled breeding among selected progeny-tested clones at a later date. This cooperative program of tree improvement will ensure the future supply of high quality seed that will maintain and enhance the value of the forest resource.

Seed and cone production in a clonal orchard of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana)

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N. Todhunter ◽  
R. Brooks Polk
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Total Seed

Seed and cone production in Pinusbanksiana Lamb. was studied using clonal material. Variables studied included sound seed per cone, sound seed percentage, seed efficiency, total seed per cone, seed potential, and total number of cones in relation to site, clone, and position in the crown. The clonal effect was highly significant for all variables. Site and crown location were significant for all but seed total and number of cones. Due to the variability present, cone and seed production should be taken into account in seed orchard design, tree selection, and breeding.

Sweden Initiates a Large Scale Tree Improvement and Seed Production Program for Lodgepole Pine

1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Future Demands ◽  
High Quality Seed

Lodgepole pine is an exotic with impressive growth potential in northern and central Sweden. In recent years this species has gained a wide acceptance for use in reforestation and Swedish authorities have therefore embarked on a significant tree improvement and seed production program to meet future demands for high quality seed. The initial phase of this program, a recently completed parent tree selection project in western Canada, is described in this paper. Subsequent plans for genetic testing and seed production in Sweden are also addressed.

Realized genetic gains observed in a first generation seedling seed orchard for jack pine in New Brunswick, Canada

New Forests ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Weng ◽  
K. Tosh ◽  
G. Adam ◽  
M. S. Fullarton ◽  
C. Norfolk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Realized Genetic Gains

Frost-Hardy Eucalyptus Grow Well in the Southeast

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Hunt ◽  
Bruce Zobel
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Southeastern Coastal Plain ◽  
Genus Eucalyptus

Abstract Most species of the genus Eucalyptus that possess rapid growth and good form characteristics are too cold-sensitive for use in the southeastern coastal plain. In recent tests, however, several species, sources, and individuals within sources have demonstrated cold-hardiness combined with good form and growth. Such hardy eucalypts have potential for production of large volumes of hardwood fiber on sites accessible to wet-weather logging. Trees in the oldest plantings have survived over 150 nights of temperatures below freezing. The largest of these trees were 50 to 60 feet tall and 8 to 12 inches d.b.h. at age 4.5 years. The growth, survival, selected wood qualities, and future potential of eucalypts are discussed, based primarily on plantings at Bainbridge, Georgia. Four species (E. viminalis, E. nova-anglica, E. macarthurii, and E. camphora) have been selected as the most promising of those tested. Although other species such as E. rubida, E. dalrympleana, and E. nitens have grown more slowly, they do have good cold-hardiness and deserve further testing. Screening of additional species and seed sources continues. The best trees of the most hardy sources are being used as a genetic base for a tree improvement program.

scholarly journals Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King.) as urban tree: tree growth and wood quality variation in a progeny test

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
D J Sudrajat ◽  
Y Ayyasy ◽  
I Z Siregar ◽  
L Karlinasari
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Progeny Test ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
High Quality Seed

Abstract Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) is a tree species widely planted not only for timber production but also as a shade tree in urban areas both on the side of the highway (green belt) and other green open areas. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic variation of growth and wood quality of a mahogany progeny test at the Parung Panjang, Bogor, which will be converted into a seedling seed orchard for high quality seed production. The progeny test was established using a randomized complete block design involving 96 families originating from seven populations (land races) in Java Island, i.e., Cianjur, Sumedang, Tasikmalaya, Magelang, Gundih, Madiun, and Jember. The results showed that the family had a significant effect on all the growth and wood quality parameters. Individual and family heritability for all growth and wood quality traits were categorized into the high, i.e., 0.33 - 0.96 and 0.35 - 0.56, respectively. The selection simulation showed that the selection percentage of 44.68% (45 best families) gave the optimum genetic gain based on growth and wood quality traits.

Genetically based differences in susceptibility of white spruce to the spruce bud moth

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Quiring ◽  
Jean Turgeon ◽  
Dale Simpson ◽  
Allan Smith
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Selection For ◽  
One Year

The susceptibility of white spruce, Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss, leaders to damage by the spruce bud moth, Zeirapheracanadensis Mut. & Free., was assessed for 72 half-sib families at four half-sib family test sites and in one seedling seed orchard in New Brunswick. Trees of intermediate height (1.5–3.75 m) were the most damaged, and damage in one year was positively correlated to damage in the next. During 2 consecutive years, half-sib family explained only 1% of the variation in damage when all four test sites were analysed together. However, half-sib family explained between 2.9 and 7.9% of the variation in damage at individual sites. At the four test sites, mean growth reductions of trees in the two most susceptible families were estimated to be approximately 30% higher than those of trees in the two least susceptible families. When all 72 families were ranked with respect to height, trees in the most susceptible and least susceptible families were ranked very poorly and highly, respectively. This suggested that trees in more susceptible families were smaller because of damage by the spruce bud moth. However, this pattern was observed at all sites, including one where bud moth damage was negligible. Thus even in the absence of damage by the spruce bud moth, trees in these least susceptible families had a greater growth rate, in terms of height, than trees in the most susceptible families. This indicates that selection for plant traits reducing susceptibility to bud moth may be compatible with breeding programs attempting to improve height growth. Implications of these results for tree improvement programs are discussed.

Pollination and seed production in western white pine

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Owens ◽  
Danilo D. Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Western White Pine ◽  
Cone Development ◽  
Filled Seeds

The reproductive biology of western white pine ( Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) at the Saanich seed orchard (SSO; a coastal seedling seed orchard) and the Kalamalka seed orchard (KSO; an interior clonal seed orchard) is described. Seed-cone development and morphology determine seed potential and affect filled seed production. Seed potential was high, commonly over 200 seeds per cone and filled seeds per cone averaged 50–60 at both orchards in 1999 from open pollinations combined with operational supplemental mass pollinations (OP-SMP). Filled seeds per cone at SSO in 2004 averaged 115 with open pollinations and OP-SMP. About 30% of ovules aborted before pollination. Another 25% aborted probably because of self-incompatibility at fertilization. Seed efficiency (SEF) was only 5% at KSO with open pollination but increased to 30% with OP-SMP. SEF was the same at SSO with or without OP-SMP. Reproductive success was very low at KSO without OP-SMP but increased to about 10%, similar to that of SSO, with OP-SMP. The optimal time for control pollinations was at cone stages 4 and 5 and optimal amount of pollen per pollination bag was 0.3–0.4 mL. Western white pine is a very good seed producer and can be easily managed in seed orchards to give very high seed production per cone and per tree.

Performance of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) rooted cuttings from proliferated dwarf shoots versus seedlings 8 years after planting

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1404-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengxin Lu ◽  
Wayne Bell ◽  
Paul Charrette ◽  
Megan Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Tree Form ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Wind Throw ◽  
Improvement Programs

Growth and tree form characteristics of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) rooted cuttings propagated from proliferated dwarf shoots (PDS) were compared with seedlings in two field trials 8 years after establishment. Results indicated that jack pine rooted cuttings from PDS can grow as well as seedlings and maintain acceptable tree form. Rooted cuttings of progeny from the 22 top-ranking open-pollinated families in a seedling seed orchard of jack pine were 4.2% taller and 10% larger in diameter at breast height than commercial seedlings tested on the same sites, which indicates that rooted cuttings have potential in realizing genetic gains in jack pine tree improvement programs. Rooted cuttings increased the proportion of trees with normal branching characteristics and reduced the percentage of trees with excessive heavy branches in the Sault St. Marie trial, which had larger tree sizes. However, longer term monitoring (20 to 25 years) is needed to determine stability of jack pine rooted cuttings planted on sandy soil where wind throw may become a problem as tree size increases.

Flowering in a jack pine seedling seed orchard increased by spraying with gibberellin A4/7

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1056-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Cecich
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Control Tree

Jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.), in a 3-year-old orchard established with accelerated-growth seedlings, were sprayed with gibberellin A4/7 (GA4/7) in an Aromox–ethanol solution during the 1981 growing season. Seven treatment periods were evaluated: the entire growing season, shoot elongation, bud development, early (first half) and late (second half) shoot elongation, and early and late bud development. Three concentrations of GA4/7 (200, 400, and 600 mg•L−1) were applied in all combinations with treatment periods. Three treatments increased female flowering: 400 and 600 mg•L−1 GA4/7 sprayed the entire growing season and 600 mg•L−1 sprayed during bud development. The number of pollen clusters was increased by spraying 400 and 600 mg•L−1 GA4/7 during any treatment period except early shoot elongation and late bud development or during shoot elongation (400 mg•L−1 only). The 200 mg•L−1 GA4/7 increased pollen clusters only if sprayed during early bud development or the entire growing season. The percentage of trees bearing pollen increased with all concentrations of GA4/7. The 1982 shoot growth of trees sprayed in 1981 during shoot elongation or the entire growing season (all GA4/7 levels pooled) was significantly less than control-tree growth or that of trees in the other treatment periods. The best treatment for increasing both male and female strobili was 600 mg•L−1 GA4/7 sprayed during bud development.

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