scholarly journals COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF RADIAL-GROWTH DATA FROM TREES FOR EVIDENCE OF PAST SPRUCE BUDWORM OUTBREAKS

1962 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Blais
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Host Trees

Methods used in the collection of radial-growth data from host and non-host trees of the spruce budworm for the purpose of establishing evidence of past spruce budworm outbreaks are described. The preparation and examination of the material and the interpretation of the data are discussed. These techniques are based on experience gained in the course of studies in three widely-separated regions in Ontario and Quebec over a period of several years.

scholarly journals ACCOUNT OF A RECENT SPRUCE BUDWORM OUTBREAK IN THE LAURENTIDE PARK REGION OF QUEBEC AND MEASURES FOR REDUCING DAMAGE IN FUTURE OUTBREAKS

1964 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Blais
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Temporary Reduction ◽  
Growth Studies ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Apparent Reasons

Pulpwood stands in the Laurentide Park region of Quebec were subjected to defoliation by the spruce budworm between 1946 and 1958. Progress of the outbreak was traced from survey records and from radial growth data from 102 localities. The apparent reasons for the temporary reduction in population level from 1951 to 1953, and for the collapse of the infestation in 1958 are discussed. Estimates based on information provided by the various operators in the area place the total amount of merchantable softwoods destroyed at 5.4 million cords, while calculations based on radial growth studies reveal that approximately 1.8 million cords were lost through reductions in increment. About 1.6 million cords were salvaged before the dead wood was rendered unusable by sapwood rots. Measures that would reduce losses from future outbreaks are proposed and discussed.

scholarly journals Phenological synchrony between eastern spruce budworm and its host trees increases with warmer temperatures in the boreal forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 576-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa S. Pureswaran ◽  
Mathieu Neau ◽  
Maryse Marchand ◽  
Louis De Grandpré ◽  
Dan Kneeshaw
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Phenological Synchrony

scholarly journals Sample Sizes Required To Estimate Defoliation of Spruce and Balsam Fir Caused by Spruce Budworm Accurately

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. MacLean ◽  
Wayne E. MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract Data from the assessment of current defoliation levels on 172,000 individual shoots from 6890 midcrown branches sampled from balsam fir and spruce stands were used to define sampling protocols for assessing defoliation caused by spruce budworm. The method was based on sampling one midcrown branch from each of x host trees per stand, and assessing defoliation of y individual shoots per branch. Both the number of shoots per branch and the number of branches required per stand varied with host species (balsam fir, white spruce, or red-black spruce) and with average defoliation level. Sample sizes required to estimate mean defoliation with 90% confidence that the confidence interval is ±10% ranged from 7 to 24 branches per stand and from 17 to 58 shoots per branch, with the largest samples required at moderate (31-70%) defoliation levels. Estimated costs of shoot and branch sampling and processing ranged from $40-110/stand, based on a 90% confidence level salary rate of $12(Can.)/hr, and excluding travel costs. Results can be applied using a preliminary assessment to determine the general defoliation level, which along with species, determines the required sample size. North. J. Appl. For. 15(3):135-140.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DEFOLIATION BY SPRUCE BUDWORM (CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA CLEM.) ON RADIAL GROWTH AT BREAST HEIGHT OF BALSAM FIR (ABIES BALSAMEA (L.) MILL.) AND WHITE SPRUCE (PICEA GLAUCA (MOENCH) VOSS.)

1958 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Blais
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Breast Height

The relationship between spruce budworm defoliation and radial growth at breast height for balsam fir and white spruce trees of merchantable size was studied in various stands in northwestern Ontario. Defoliation was recorded yearly for these stands from the beginning of the infestation, and radial growth measurements were obtained from increment cores. The first year of radial growth suppression was calculated by comparing the growth of the affected species with that of jack pine and red pine trees by means of a growth-ratio technique. Apparent suppression in balsam fir and white spruce varied between stands, and, generally, occurred at the earliest in the second year and at the latest in the fourth year of severe defoliation. A wide ring at the base of the tree coinciding with the first year of suppression as reported by Craighead was non-existent.

Tree mortality and radial growth losses caused by the western spruce budworm in a Douglas-fir stand in British Columbia

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Alfaro ◽  
G. A. Van Sickle ◽  
A. J. Thomson ◽  
E. Wegwitz
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
The Relationship

The effects of defoliation by western spruce budworm (Choristoneuraoccidentalis (Freeman)), on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) radial growth at breast height and tree mortality are given. Four hundred and twenty trees were marked in an 81-year-old stand, and their defoliation levels were recorded annually from 1970 to 1980 in an outbreak that lasted from 1970 to 1974, inclusive. Forty-one trees were felled and dissected in 1977, 3 years after recovery began. The number of stems per hectare was reduced by 39.3% and basal area by 11.6% through mortality, most occurring among the small diameter, suppressed, and intermediate trees. Relationships were established between mortality and defoliation. Radial increments were examined, and the presence of four outbreaks during the life of the stand was detected. The combined effect of these infestations amounted to a loss of about 12% of the estimated potential diameter had not the insects been active. The most recent outbreak (1970–1974) caused a total of 10 years of subnormal growth, including 5 years due to defoliation and 5 years of recovery. The relationship between radial increment losses and defoliation intensity and duration is studied and quantified.

scholarly journals The Impact of Moth Migration on Apparent Fecundity Overwhelms Mating Disruption as a Method to Manage Spruce Budworm Populations

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Régnière ◽  
Johanne Delisle ◽  
Alain Dupont ◽  
Richard Trudel
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Relationships ◽  
Moth Migration ◽  
Made In

Aerial applications of a registered formulation of synthetic spruce budworm female sex pheromone were made in 2008, 2013 and 2014 to disrupt mating in populations of this forest insect pest in Quebec, Canada. Each year, the applications resulted in a 90% reduction in captures of male spruce budworm moths in pheromone-baited traps. A commensurate reduction in mating success among virgin females held in individual cages at mid-crown of host trees was also obtained. However, there was no reduction in the populations of eggs or overwintering larvae in the following generation (late summer and fall). The failure of this approach as a viable tactic for spruce budworm population reduction could have resulted from considerable immigration of mated females, as evidenced by high rates of immigration and emigration that caused steep negative relationships between apparent fecundity and the density of locally emerged adults.

Multiple effects of tebufenozide on the survival and performance of the spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kees van Frankenhuyzen ◽  
Jacques Régnière
Keyword(s):  
Mating Success ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
High Larval Mortality ◽  
And Performance

AbstractAerial application of Mimic® 2LV to rising outbreak populations of the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens); Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Québec, Canada, resulted in high levels of population reduction at spray deposits of 0.5–1.2 μg tebufenozide/g of foliage. Application to potted host trees in outdoor enclosures followed by bioassays revealed multiple effects on spruce budworm survival and recruitment. Chronic (14-day) exposure of late-instars to treated foliage reduced larval survival and also pupal survival, mating success, and fecundity, depending on the product concentration applied. Treatments that produced foliar deposits of ~ 0.5–1.5 μg tebufenozide/g caused high larval mortality. Exposure to deposits of ~ 0.15–0.5 μg/g caused delayed mortality during the pupal stage and reduced the mating success of survivors, while exposure to ~ 0.07–0.15 μg/g reduced the fecundity of mated females. Sublethal exposure did not affect the progeny of survivors, either in egg hatch, survival during diapause, or survival and performance after diapause. Reduced survival during late-larval and pupal stages combined with lower recruitment as a result of reduced mating success and fecundity are likely to play a role in the suppression of Mimic®-treated spruce budworm populations in the years following treatment.

scholarly journals Validation of Spruce Budworm Outbreak History Developed from Aerial Sketch Mapping of Defoliation in New Brunswick

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Taylor ◽  
David A. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Increment Core ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Ground Survey

Abstract Aerial sketch mapping (ASM) of annual defoliation provides a means to quantify spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) outbreak histories, but accuracy is affected by factors such as navigation and weather conditions. We used ground-based defoliation estimates from 123 permanent sample plots (PSP) in New Brunswick and increment core growth data from a subset of PSPs, to validate ASM estimates of defoliation. From 1985 to 1993, 85% of 332 cases were correctly classified by aerial estimates as nil–light (0–30%) or moderate–severe (31–100%), with the proportion correct varying by measurement year, defoliation severity, and host species. Growth indices generated from 81 visually cross-dated and verified balsam fir (Abies balsamea [L.] Mill.) tree-ring series in 23 PSPs were significantly negatively correlated with aerial-derived cumulative defoliation for 87% of the PSPs, and correlation increased when aerial estimates were combined with ground survey data. We conclude that aerial surveys provide a reasonable estimate of defoliation history to estimate growth reduction.

Differential effects of Douglas-fir tussock moth and western spruce budworm defoliation on radial growth of grand fir and Douglas-fir

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B. Brubaker ◽  
Shannon K. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Tussock Moth ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
The Impact

This study compares the effects of separate Douglas-fir tussock moth (Orgiapseudotsugata McDunnough) and western spruce budworm (Choristoneuraoccidentalis Freeman) infestations on the radial growth of two host species, grand fir (Abiesgrandis (Doug.) Lindl.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Growth records from nonhost species were also examined to substantiate that growth reduction in the hosts resulted from feeding by the respective defoliators. Ring-width data, standardized to remove trends of decreasing width from pith to bark, were tested statistically to identify significant differences in the effects of each defoliator on each host species. Four measures of radial growth were examined: maximum rate of growth decline, average rate of growth recovery, 1-year growth loss, and 5-year growth loss. The effects of tussock moth did not differ statistically between host species, but the impact of budworm defoliation on grand fir was significantly greater than on Douglas-fir. Differences occurred between the overall effects of tussock moth and budworm on the host species, with tussock moth causing significantly more rapid growth reductions and greater growth losses than budworm. It is concluded that (1) grand fir and Douglas-fir ring patterns, individually or in combination, can provide good evidence of severe defoliation by Douglas-fir tussock moth, (2) grand fir ring patterns can be used to identify severe defoliation by western spruce budworm, and (3) Douglas-fir ring patterns can provide evidence of budworm infestation only if corroborative evidence of a budworm infestation is present in the ring patterns of grand fir trees in the same stand.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document