scholarly journals Non-wood Forest Products Based on Extractives- A New Opportunity for Canadian Forest Industry Part 2- Softwood Forest Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Royer ◽  
Robert Houde ◽  
Tatjana Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Existing Data

<p>Forest resources are among the most important of Canada (in the case of Quebec, nearly 90% of the territory). Innovation represents an essential challenge for the Canadian forest industry, which is presently undergoing major changes towards finding new solutions for recovery. The processing of forest biomass has become increasingly relevant along with the popular concept of biorefineries. This concept should include the development of novel technologies based on forest extractives. Bioactive molecules are readily available through eco-friendly extraction processes using various types of forest residues including barks which are generated in significant quantities by the industry. This literature review offers a glimpse into the softwood boreal forest with a particular focus on industrial species. We are adopting an ethno-pharmacological approach prior to presenting existing data on bioactive molecules from various sources, along with results from our own laboratory. In conclusion, this paper clearly demonstrates the need for further research on bioactive molecules from Canadian forest species since there remains an important lack of reliable data.</p>

scholarly journals Non-wood Forest Products Based on Extractives - A New Opportunity for the Canadian Forest Industry Part 1: Hardwood Forest Species

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Royer ◽  
Robert Houde ◽  
Yannick Viano ◽  
Tatjana Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Existing Data

Forest resources are among the most important of Canada (in the case of Québec, nearly 90% of the territory). Innovation represents an essential challenge for the Canadian forest industry, which is presently undergoing major changes towards finding new solutions for recovery. The processing of forest biomass has become increasingly relevant along with the popular concept of biorefineries. This concept should include the development of novel technologies based on forest extractives. Bioactive molecules are readily available through eco-friendly extraction processes using various types of forest residues including barks which are generated in significant quantities by the industry. This literature review offers a glimpse into the hardwood boreal forest with a particular focus on industrial species. We are adopting an ethno-pharmacological approach prior to presenting existing data on bioactive molecules from various sources, along with results from our own laboratory. In conclusion, this paper clearly demonstrates the need for further research on bioactive molecules from Canadian forest species since there remains an important lack of reliable data.

scholarly journals Market prospects for Acadian forest products in the context of future energy availability

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Salonius
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Dimension Lumber ◽  
Expected Increase

As the peak of non-renewable energy production passes during the next forest rotation it is expected that markets, which have recently been driven by pulp and paper and dimension lumber exports, will shrink due to a general decrease in the affluence of the customer base and attrition in its numbers. An expected increase in demand for forest biomass fuels should begin to influence present silvicultural investment decisions now. Emphasis on the production of softwood fibre for commodity markets should yield to emphasis on the restoration of diverse Acadian temperate forest species assemblages. Means of encouraging a shift in harvesting practices in advance of changes in market demand are discussed. Key words: energy scarcity, market alteration, silvicultural investments

scholarly journals NEW PARAMETERS FOR THE FOREST BIOMASS WASTE ECOFIREWOOD MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIMIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 560-571
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina RUOSO ◽  
Lisiane Corrêa BITENCOURT ◽  
Lucas Urach SUDATI ◽  
Marcos Antônio KLUNK ◽  
Nattan Roberto CAETANO
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Biomass Waste

Biomass has a large share in the energy generation matrix, due to the regional economic benefits. This work has as main objective to evaluate the parameters used in the manufacture of briquettes produced with forest residues and the economic engineering for the manufacturer. The forest residues were: wood chips and chips of Eucalyptus spp. and barks of Pinus taeda. The evaluations were the chemical characterization of forest residues and the costs involved in the briquetting process. The forest residues presented extractive chemical composition and lignin. The production costs of the briquettes were affected mainly by the equipment, being the Pinus taeda barks the one that presented higher production cost. However, the production costs obtained in this study are approximately 20% lower than the production costs using traditional methods for forest firewood. The energy value from biomass allows the reduction of the dependence of energy, which can be used for the generation of steam or electricity, for subsistence. A fact for energy conversion is to evaluate the material moisture. It is suitable to burn residues with moisture between 45 to 55%. The consumed electric energy is important to evaluate the total costs. The energy required depends on the quality of raw material and the system employed. Forest residues is an important source for eco firewood production, contributing to energy generation and decreasing of the solid waste stored at the company. In this way, the new parameters for briquetting biomass forest wastes shown in this work, which is an important stage of the process, make economically viable and environmentally suitable the eco firewood production.

scholarly journals Extraction of non-timber forest products from tropical rain forests. Does diversity come at a price?

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G.A. Boot
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
The Impact

Tropical rain forests are rich in plant and animal species. The sustainable extraction of non-timber forest products has been advocated as a strategy to best conserve this diversity. However, the development and implementation of such exploitation systems, which aim to reconcile conservation and economic development, are still hampered by the lack of information on the biological sustainability of these systems, the impact of these exploitation systems on the biological diversity and the insufficient knowledge of the role of forest products in the household economy of forest dependent people and hence their prospects for economic development. Whether the exploitation of non-timber forest products from tropical rain forests is sustainable or not is still open to question, but data presently available on the biological, social and economic aspects of these extraction systems point at an interesting question: does diversity come at a price? Namely, low density of conspecifics, and thus products, and hence low productivity for those involved in the collection of forest resources. The paper will further discuss whether domestication of forest species provides an alternative for some of these species. Species are part of a complex ecosystem and their functioning is partly depended on the presence of other species in the system. The attributes of the species which have to be taken into account in order to make domestication of forest species successful are considered. Finally, the paper returns to the question of how to reconcile conservation and use of tropical rain forests. It will present a case for domesticating the forest instead of the species or, in other words, changing the forest composition without changing its structure and functioning, and maintaining acceptable levels of biodiversity.

Assessment of the Availability of Forest Biomass for Biofuels Production in Southwestern Portugal

2017 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Malico ◽  
A.C. Gonçalves ◽  
A. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Management Unit ◽  
Maritime Pine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Pinewood Nematode ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Residual Biomass

In 2014, Portugal was the seventh largest pellets producer in the World. Since the shortage of raw material is one of the major obstacles that the Portuguese pellets market faces, the need for a good assessment of biomass availability for energy purposes at both country and regional levels is reinforced. This work uses a Geographical Information System environment and remote sensing data to assess the availability and sustainability of forest biomass residues in a management unit with around 940 ha of maritime pine forest. The period considered goes from 2004 to 2015. The study area is located in Southwestern Portugal, close to a pellets factory; therefore the potential contribution of the residual biomass generated in the management unit to the production of pellets is evaluated. An allometric function is used for the estimation of maritime pine above ground biomass. With this estimate, and considering several forest operations, the residual biomass available was assessed, according to stand composition and structure. This study shows that, when maritime pine forests are managed to produce wood, the amount of residues available for energy production is small (an average of 0.37 t ha-1 year-1 were generated in the study area between 2004 and 2015). As a contribution to the sustainability of the Portuguese pellets industries, new management models for maritime pine forests may be developed. The effect of the pinewood nematode on the availability of residual biomass can be clearly seen in this study. In the management unit considered, cuts were made to prevent dissemination of the disease. This contributes to a higher availability of forest residues in a specific period of time, but, in the medium term, they lead to a decrease in the amount of residues that can be used for energy purposes.

Forest Industry in West-Central Canada, 1972

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 332-335
Author(s):  
Alan G. Teskey ◽  
Jack H. Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Forest Products Industry ◽  
West Central ◽  
Central Canada ◽  
Economic Ties

In 1972, west-central Canada's forest products industry of 691 establishments had gross sales of $300 million ($264 million net), and provided the equivalent of 5,900 full-time jobs directly and another 6,100 indirectly. More than two-thirds of the gross sales came from export, generating valuable foreign exchange earnings for Canada. Major products were 600,000 tonnes of pulp and paper, 431 million m2 of fibreboard, waferboard and plywood, 8 million pieces of pressure-treated products and more than 2 million m3 of lumber.Beyond these direct impacts were the secondary business activity and employment generated in other industries and sectors of the economy which had economic ties with the forest industry.

Research on Nondestructive Testing of Wood in Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
C. R. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Nondestructive Tests ◽  
Precise Evaluation ◽  
New Development ◽  
Development Failure ◽  
Do So

Since early in Canada's history men have, in effect, applied the principles of nondestructive testing of wood. They visually graded timber for the specific purposes they had in mind. With increasing competition from other construction materials whose properties have been capable of more precise evaluation, wood has, in many cases, found itself superseded. Modern, nondestructive tests can accomplish much towards rectifying this unsatisfactory situation. Since 1951, the Ottawa and Vancouver Forest Products Laboratories have been engaged on research which has led to some notable advances in this field. Some of these have been adopted by industry while others have not. Although much research remains to be done to identify and perfect new and improved means of nondestructive testing, it nevertheless behooves the forest industry to make use of every technique presently available to the fullest extent possible and at the same time keep abreast of every new development. Failure to do so could result in further advantage to those materials in competition with wood.

scholarly journals Forest structure dependency analysis of L-band SAR backscatter

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10055
Author(s):  
Yongjie Ji ◽  
Jimao Huang ◽  
Yilin Ju ◽  
Shipeng Guo ◽  
Cairong Yue
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Forest Height ◽  
L Band ◽  
Aperture Radar

Forest structure plays an important role in forest biomass inversion using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors with long-wavelength have the potentiality to provide reliable and timely forest biomass inversion for their ability of deep penetration into the forest. L-band SAR backscatter shows useful for forest above-ground biomass (AGB) estimation. However, the way that forest structure mediating the biomass-backscatter affects the improvement of the related biomass estimation accuracy. In this paper, we have investigated L-band SAR backscatter sensitivity to forests with different mean canopy density, mean tree height and mean DBH (diameter at breast height) at the sub-compartment level. The forest species effects on their relationship were also considered in this study. The linear correlation coefficient R, non-linear correlation parameter, Maximal Information Coefficient (MIC), and the determination coefficient R2 from linear function, Logarithmic function and Quadratic function were used in this study to analyze forest structural properties effects on L-band SAR backscatter. The HV channel, which is more sensitive than HH to forest structure parameters, was chosen as the representative of SAR backscatter. 6037 sub-compartment were involved in the analysis. Canopy density showed a great influence on L-band backscatter than mean forest height and DBH. All of the R between canopy density and L-band backscatter were greater than 0.7 during the forest growth cycle. The sensitivity of L-band backscatter to mean forest height depends on forest canopy density. When canopy density was lower than 0.4, R values between mean forest height are smaller than 0.5. In contrast, the values of R were greater than 0.8 if canopy density was higher than 0.4. The sensitivity SAR backscatter to DBH fluctuated with canopy density, but it only showed obvious sensitivity when canopy density equals to 0.6, where both the linear and non-liner correlation values are higher than others. However, their effects on L-bang HV backscatter are affected by forest species, the effects on three forest structural parameters depend on tree species.

scholarly journals Strategic directions of foreign trade activity of the forest industry of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Iu. V. Kuzminykh ◽  
N. A. Kudrova ◽  
A. F. Zavgorodnij
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
World Market ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Trade Activity ◽  
Russian Forest

The most complete realization of the export potential of the Russian forest industry on the world market provides for the implementation of a strategic scenario for the development of the industry. The article analyzes the reality of achieving forecast indicators of priority areas for non&resource export of forest products. To stimulate investment in timber production, the authors proposed the use of a special investment contract mechanism, which has already found application in other sectors of Russian industry.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Gas Emission Offsets of Forest Residues for Bioenergy in Queensland, Australia

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1570
Author(s):  
Leanda C. Garvie ◽  
Stephen H. Roxburgh ◽  
Fabiano A. Ximenes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Harvest Residues

Harnessing sustainably sourced forest biomass for renewable energy is well-established in some parts of the developed world. Forest-based bioenergy has the potential to offset carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels, thereby playing a role in climate change mitigation. Despite having an established commercial forestry industry, with large quantities of residue generated each year, there is limited use for forest biomass for renewable energy in Queensland, and Australia more broadly. The objective of this study was to identify the carbon dioxide mitigation potential of replacing fossil fuels with bioenergy generated from forest harvest residues harnessed from commercial plantations of Pinus species in southeast Queensland. An empirical-based full carbon accounting model (FullCAM) was used to simulate the accumulation of carbon in harvest residues. The results from the FullCAM modelling were further analysed to identify the energy substitution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions offsets of three bioenergy scenarios. The results of the analysis suggest that the greatest opportunity to avoid or offset emissions is achieved when combined heat and power using residue feedstocks replaces coal-fired electricity. The results of this study suggest that forest residue bioenergy is a viable alternative to traditional energy sources, offering substantive emission reductions, with the potential to contribute towards renewable energy and emission reduction targets in Queensland. The approach used in this case study will be valuable to other regions exploring bioenergy generation from forest or other biomass residues.

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