scholarly journals Distribution of Phosphorus Fractions down the Soil Depth in the Savanna Zone of Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
A. O. Ojo ◽  
V. O. Aduramigba-Modupe ◽  
O. D. Adeoyolanu ◽  
O. A. Denton ◽  
A. O. Oyedele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Initial Decrease ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Savanna Zone

The distribution of phosphorus (P) fractions down the soil depth varies depending on the soil type as being affected by the surrounding soil management practices. A 10 km by 10 km site was chosen in the savanna zone of Nigeria for the study. Modal soil profile pits were dug to identify the different soil types while soil sampling was done at 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-80 cm and 80-120 cm depth. Resin P was the largest extractable P fraction while residual P was the least in the soil series characterized, down the soil depth. Fractionation results showed that there was variation down the soil depth. The conc. HCl-Pi was not observed at the 0-20 cm depth, NaHCO3-Pi and Po was small while NaOH-Pi and Po was observed at this depth. Initial decrease at the 20-40 cm depth was observed for most of the P fractions while more of the P fractions were observed at the 40-80 cm depth. The values observed at the 80-120 cm depth was however small compared to other soil depth. Resin P was the sink of P and would serve as a reserve of P in the soil series. However, organic and inorganic P extractable with NaOH i.e. NaOH Pi and Po which were high at the 0-20 cm depth would be mainly responsible for the availability of P in the soil solution for plant uptake.

scholarly journals Influence of Application of Organic Residues of Different Biochemical Quality on Phosphorus Fractions in a Tropical Sandy Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Tanabhat-Sakorn Sukitprapanon ◽  
Metawee Jantamenchai ◽  
Duangsamorn Tulaphitak ◽  
Nattaporn Prakongkep ◽  
Robert John Gilkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Residue Quality ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Labile P

Understanding phosphorus (P) dynamics in tropical sandy soil treated with organic residues of contrasting quality is crucial for P management using organic amendments. This research determined P fractions in a tropical sandy soil under the application of organic residues of different quality, including groundnut stover (GN), tamarind leaf litter (TM), dipterocarp leaf litter (DP), and rice straw (RS). The organic residues were applied at the rate of 10 t DM ha−1 year−1. The P fractions were examined by a sequential extraction procedure. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, resulted in P accumulation in soils. For unamended soil, 55% of total P was mainly associated with Al (hydr)oxides. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, diminished the NH4F-extractable P (Al-P) fraction, but it had a nonsignificant effect on NaOH-extractable P (Fe-P). The majority of Al-P and Fe-P fractions were associated with crystalline Al and Fe (hydr)oxides. NH4Cl-extractable P (labile P), NaHCO3-extractable P (exchangeable P and mineralizable organic P), HCl-extractable P (Ca-P), and residual P fractions in soil were significantly increased as a result of the incorporation of organic residues. The application of organic residues, particularly those high in ash alkalinity, increase soil pH, labile P, and Ca-P fractions. In contrast, applications of residues high in lignin and polyphenols increase residual P fraction, which is associated with organo-mineral complexes and clay mineral kaolinite.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Availabilities Differ between Cropland and Forestland in Shelterbelt Systems

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1001
Author(s):  
Scott X. Chang ◽  
Mihiri C.W. Manimel Wadu ◽  
Fengxiang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
P Cycling ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction

Shelterbelt systems play pivotal roles in providing goods and services to the rural community and the society at large, but phosphorus (P) cycling in shelterbelt systems is poorly studied, while P cycling and availability would be linked to the ecological function and services of shelterbelt systems. This study was conducted to understand how long-term (>30 years) land-use between cropland and forestland in shelterbelt systems affect soil P status. We investigated modified Kelowna (PKelowna) and Mehlich-3 (PMehlich) extractable P, P fractions (by sequential chemical fractionation), P sorption properties in the 0–10 and 10–30 cm soils and their relationship in six pairs of the cropland areas and adjacent forestland (each pair constitutes a shelterbelt system) in central Alberta. Both PKelowna and PMehlich in the 0–10 cm soil were greater in the cropland than in the forestland. The PKelowna ranged from 10 to 170 and 2 to 57 mg kg−1 within the cropland areas and forestland, respectively. The inorganic P fraction in the 0–30 cm depth was significantly related to PKelowna (R2 = 0.55) and PMehlich (R2 = 0.80) in cropland, but organic P fraction was not significantly related with neither PKelowna nor PMehlich. The iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) associated P (Fe/Al-P) explained ~50% and ~45% of the variation of PKelowna in the 0–30 cm soil in the cropland and forestland, respectively. The Fe/Al-P and organic P fractions in the 0–10 cm soil were greater in the cropland than in the forestland. The differences in availability and P forms depending on the land use type in shelterbelts suggest that P management needs to be land-use type-specific for shelterbelt systems.

scholarly journals Effect of cumulative fertilizer dressings on the phosphorus status of mineral soils I Changes in inorganic phosphorus fractions

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helinä Hartikainen
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Inorganic P Fractions ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions

Surface soil samples were collected from 16 P fertilization trials before onset of the experiments and after seven years of cultivation. The changes in the inorganic P fractions were investigated in plots amended annually with 0, 30 or 60 kg of P ha-1. In the clay soils, cultivation without P fertilization depleted the NH4F-extractable and NaOH-extractable P reserves by 22—69 kg ha-1 ; in the coarser soils, the respective depletion was 8—140 kg ha-1. H2S04-soluble P decreased in seven soils by 16—34 kg ha-1. In the plots amended totally with 210 or 420 kg of P ha-1, on the other hand, these P fractions increased by 24—174 and 46—368 kg ha-1, respectively. The higher the P dressing was, the more the added P tended to accumulate in the fluoride-soluble form as compared to the alkali-soluble form.

scholarly journals Phosphorus saturation of Finnish soils: evaluating an easy oxalate extraction method

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. UUSITALO ◽  
H.-R. TUHKANEN
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Inorganic P Fractions ◽  
Phosphorus Saturation ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Oxalate Extraction

The aim of this study was to test whether phosphorus saturation of surface sorption sites of (oxyhydr)oxides of aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) in Finnish soils can be assessed using a single oxalate extraction and, if so, whether the results are closely related to the P forms likely to influence the P concentration in runoff waters. Ten soil samples with varying clay content and P status were studied. Desorption tests were conducted by submitting the soils sequentially to nine anion exchange resin (AER) extractions. Sorption of P was studied by shaking the soils in P standard solutions (0-250 ppm). Soil inorganic P was characterised by sequentially extracting P from the fractions assumed to be connected to Al and Fe compounds and present as the stable apatitic form. The desorption studies and the fractioning of inorganic P suggested that oxalate solution dissolves apatitic P and/or other relatively stable P-bearing compounds, probably referring to the sum of inorganic P fractions rather than labile P. The amount of P desorbed in the nine AER extractions was about 80-280 mg/kg, whereas oxalate extracted about 490-1100 mg P/kg, which approximated the sum of the inorganic P fractions. Therefore, in soils high in apatitic P, oxalate-extractable P does not seem to be a reliable measure of the P saturation of Al and Fe oxide surfaces that regulate the P concentration in soil solution and runoff water.;

INFLUENCE OF TEXTURE AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON THE FORMS AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
I. P. O'HALLORAN ◽  
R. G. KACHANOSKI
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Labile Organic P

Changes in soil phosphorus (P) forms, as determined by a sequential fractionation procedure, were used to assess the influence of soil texture and management practices on the forms and distribution of soil P in a Brown Chernozemic loam soil at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. Significant proportions of the variability of all P fractions except residual-P could be attributed to changes in sand content. Changes in the forms and distribution of soil P with decreasing sand content followed patterns similar to those associated with a weathering sequence. The proportion of total soil P in inorganic and organic extractable forms that were extractable sequentially with anion exchange resin (resin-Pi), sodium bicarbonate (bicarb-Pi and -Po), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH-Pi and -Po) increased with decreasing sand content. Acid-extractable inorganic P (HCl-Pi) was the only P fraction positively correlated with sand content. The presence of a crop increased the proportion of soil P present as the more labile organic-P fractions (bicarb-Po and NaOH-Po) but not as total soil organic P (soil-Po). The presence of a crop also increased the proportion of soil P present as the labile inorganic fractions (resin-Pi and bicarb-Pi), possibly due to a decrease in soil pH. Application of inorganic-P fertilizer caused significant increases in the proportion of soil P as these labile inorganic-P fractions (resin-Pi and bicarb-Pi) and as total soil organic-P (soil-Po), but did not affect the more labile organic-P fractions. Key words: P fractionation, labile P, organic P, inorganic P, texture, management practices

Rhizospheric P and K in forest soil manipulated with ammonium sulfate and water

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Clegg ◽  
George R. Gobran
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil Fractions ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction

This study shows how the stress manipulations, ammonium sulfate, drought and irrigation changed the P and K status of three soil fractions (bulk soil, rhizosphere and soil-root interface) from E, Bh and Bs horizons of a Norway spruce stand in southwestern Sweden. The results indicate that dynamic linkages exist between the three soil fractions and tree growth. Accumulation rather than depletion of P and K were observed in the vicinity of the roots which we attribute primarily to accumulated organic matter and high rates of mineralization. Relative depletion of P and K around roots resulted from treatments that stimulated tree growth and P and K uptake. The ratio of organic P, the largest extractable P fraction, to inorganic P indicated that organic P is an important P resource when inorganic P is heavily utilized in treatments where growth has increased. There are indications that K supply was reduced by stimulating growth with ammonium sulfate and irrigation, suggesting that K rather than P can become the second limiting factor to growth at this site after N. Key words: Organic matter, available P and K, relative depletion, Norway spruce, ecosystem manipulation, conceptual model, environmental stress

scholarly journals Bottom sediments as a potential source of phosphorus in the riverine-lacustrine system of the Kośna River (Northeastern Poland)

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Bigaj ◽  
Michał Łopata ◽  
Julita Dunalska ◽  
Daniel Szymański ◽  
Rafał Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Iron Compounds ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Northeastern Poland ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Labile P ◽  
P Budget

AbstractSediments from hypereutrophic Lake Łajskie localized in northeastern Poland were examined on the basis of P-fraction. The sediments were collected at five sampling sites. In the investigated lake, the rank order of P-fractions was HCl-P > BD-P > NH4Cl-P > NaOH - nrP. The loosely sorbed phosphorus NH4Cl-P represented < 3% of the sedimentary inorganic phosphorus, while the reductant phosphorus (BD-P) ranged from 2 to 10%. The calcium bound phosphorus (HCl-P) showed considerable contribution (59-74%) to the sedimentary inorganic P-loads. BDP was the most reactive fraction in Lake Łajskie. Iron compounds and organic matter seem to play a significant role in regulating this labile P-budget.

scholarly journals Evaluation of best management practices to reduce nutrient contaminant losses in runoff from broiler litter-amended soils. I. Alum additions.

1969 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-59
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Raúl Macchiavelli ◽  
Miguel A. Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Bermuda Grass ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Broiler Litter ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Alum Treatment ◽  
The Impact

The effect of alum [AI2(S04)3.14H20] on reducing phosphorus (P) concentrations in runoff water from broiler litter-amended soils was evaluated in various simulated rainfall events. Additions of alum at a 20% (w/wO) rate caused a significant reduction in the "soluble" (CaCI2-extractable) P fraction of the broiler litter matrix. As a result, the soluble P fraction added to the soils through litter application was 43% and 75% less for the 6 t/ha and the 20 t/ha litter treatments with alum than for their untreated (0 alum) counterparts. Total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in runoff for the 6 t/ha and 20 t/ha treatments with no alum were highly enriched, averaging 2.59 mg/L and 6.10 mg/L, respectively. At the highest litter rate (i.e., 20 t/ha) the 20% alum treatment achieved a 52% reduction in the concentration of TP in runoff as compared to that of the no-alum treatment. However, the impact of alum was more notable in reducing dissolved P (DP) losses. Average DP concentration losses for the 20 t/ha broiler litter rate (no alum) was 3.55 mg/L, a value significantly higher than the 1.0 mg/L threshold that has been suggested as a potential limit to control runoff P losses from agricultural fields. At said broiler litter application rate the 10% and 20% alum treatments resulted in reductions of 58% and 70% of the DP concentrations in runoff, respectively. The observed DP concentration losses from the litter treatments containing 20% alum met the 1 mg/L threshold value in practically all instances. Total P losses in runoff were positively correlated with both the amount of CaCI2-extractable P applied to the soils and soil P levels (Olsen) during different stages of the simulation events. The nutritional contents (N, P, and K) of the Bermuda grass samples were reflective of the broiler litter rate. Higher nutritional contents were generally observed with the 20 t/ha treatments as compared to those at the 6 t/ha rate with no alum, even though the effects were statistically significant only for nitrogen. Alum did not seem to exert a significant impact on nutritional content of the Bermuda grass, although a slight decrease (non significant) in both N and P was observed at the 20% alum rate for the 20 t/ha broiler litter rate.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sugarcane-Based Land Utilization Types in Negros Occidental, Philippines

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-54
Author(s):  
Clea Anne Corsiga ◽  
Rodrigo Badayos ◽  
Pearl Sanchez ◽  
Erlinda Paterno ◽  
Pompe Sta. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Total N ◽  
Management Recommendations

Five major soil series (Guimbalaon, Isabela, Luisiana, San Manuel, and Silay) in Negros Occidental were studied to identify the different sugarcane-based land utilization types (LUTs) in the province; determine the physical and chemical characteristics of different land utilization types cultivated to sugarcane; evaluate the existing management practices of different sugarcane-based land utilization types; and draw soil management recommendations for sugarcane production based on soil constraints of major soil series. LUT 5 received the highest pH value and was also rated very high in exchangeable Ca and available P. Organic carbon content was rated very low in all LUTs and low in percent total N. Exchangeable Mg was rated medium in LUTs 1, 3, 5, and 6 while LUTs 5 and 6 were also rated medium in cation exchange capacity. Exchangeable K, on the other hand, was rated high in LUT 4 and low in LUTs 1, 2, 3, and 5 while exchangeable Na was rated low (LUT 1) to very low (LUTs 2–6). Soil management recommendations for constraints on topography in Guimbalaon and Luisiana series (LUTs 1, 2, and 4), were the implementation of a good soil conservation cropping and tillage practices such as contour terracing or farming while problems on wetness in Isabela, San Manuel, and Silay series (LUTs 1–6) could be managed by raising the height of the soil surface and elevate the site by adding 25-30cm of well-drained topsoil, compost or other organic matter to raise the planting zone and build drainage canals to direct water away from plants or other spots that collect water.

scholarly journals Long-term application of fertilizer and manures affect P fractions in Mollisol

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinchun Lu ◽  
Al-Kaisi Mahdi ◽  
Xiao-zeng Han ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Labile Organic P

Abstract Application of phosphorus (P), a major plant nutrient, as fertilizer is critical to maintain P level for crop production and yield in most cultivated soils. While, it may impact the dynamics, limited studies have examined the long-term effects of fertilization on P fractions in a soil profile in Mollisol. A long-term field experiment was conducted at the State Key Experimental Station of Agroecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Hailun county, Heilongjiang Province, China. A sequential fractionation procedure was used to determine the effect of fertilizer (types) treatments including no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), chemical fertilizer plus straw (NPK + S) and pig manure (OM) on fractions of P and their distribution within 0–100 cm soil profiles. Unlike CK treatment, the long-term application of fertilizers increased the concentration and accumulation of total and available P in 0–20 and 0–40 cm soil depths than deeper soils, respectively. The phosphorus activity coefficient (PAC) ranged from 1.5 to 13.8% within 0–100 cm soil depth. The largest PAC value was observed under OM treatment at 0–40 cm soil depth and under NPK + S treatment at 40–100 cm soil depth. The Ca2-P and Ca8-P concentrations increased significantly by 0.5–7.5 times and 0.5–10.4 times, respectively in OM treatment with the largest value in 0–40 cm soil depth over CK treatment. The Al-P concentration under NPK + S and OM treatments increased throughout the soil profile. The OM treatment increased all Po concentrations in the 0–40 cm soil depth, while NPK and NPK + S treatments increased labile organic P, moderately labile organic P, and highly stable organic P in the 0–20 cm soil depth. Thus, the application of fertilizer and straw, or organic manure may enhance inorganic and organic P pool in a Mollisol in Northeast China. Thus, organic manure application in the subsoil as a potential P source and their impact should be considered in developing management practices and policies regarding nutrient management.

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