scholarly journals Axial Pattern Flap from the Caudal Superficial Epigastric Artery for the Correction of Surgical Defects Created by the Resection of Tumors or Traumas in Cats and Dogs: 16 Cases (2012-2015)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Jorge L. C. Castro ◽  
Rafael R. Huppes ◽  
Arícia G. Sprada ◽  
Josiane M. Pazzini ◽  
Andrigo B. De Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Wound ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inguinal Region ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Caudal Part ◽  
Skin Defects ◽  
Epigastric Artery ◽  
Reconstructive Techniques ◽  
Large Skin

The reconstruction of large skin defects originated from the excision of large tumors or trauma may require the use of reconstructive techniques given the possibility of there not being enough skin to cover the skin wound in some situations. Axial pattern flaps from the caudal superficial epigastric artery are skin flaps supplied by a large artery and, therefore, have a larger chance of survival. They are the most versatile flaps for closing defects in the caudal part of the body and may be employed to close defects on the lateral abdomen, sacrum, dorsal pelvis, base of the tail, perineum, penile sheath, inguinal region, proximal pelvic member, knee, shin and metatarsal region in cats. This study aimed at reporting 16 cases of repairs of defects originated from tumoral resection and trauma employing axial pattern flaps from the caudal superficial epigastric artery in dogs and cats.

scholarly journals Axial pattern skin flaps in cats: 8 cases (2000-2015)

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
O. GAVRIILIDOU (Ο. ΓΑΒΡΙΗΛΙΔΟΥ) ◽  
L. G. PAPAZOGLOU (Λ.Γ. ΠΑΠΑΖΟΓΛΟΥ) ◽  
M. KOUKI (Μ. ΚΟΥΚΗ) ◽  
E. STRANTZIA (Ε. ΣΤΡΑΝΤΖΙΑ) ◽  
M. GIANNOULI (Μ. ΓΙΑΝΝΟΥΛΗ) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Medial Aspect ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Tumor Excision ◽  
Left Axilla ◽  
Skin Defects ◽  
Large Skin ◽  
Epigastric Flap

Eight female cats of various breeds and median age of 4.5 years, with cutaneous defects in the limbs and trunk which were managed with axial pattern flaps, are described. Skin defects were caused by trauma or tumor excision. The defects were located in the medial aspect of the thigh in 2 cats, the lateral aspect of the thigh in 2, the left axilla in 2, the sternal and inguinal area in 2 and the dorsolateral abdomen and lumbar region in 1 cat. Totally 9 flaps were used including caudal superficial epigastric flap (4), thoracodorsal flap alone (1) or combined with omentalization (1), elbow fold flap and flank fold flap (2). All flaps survived and small dehiscences were found in 2 cats. All cats were healthy after a median follow up time of 13 months. The use of axial pattern flaps is a very effective method for the coverage of large skin defects in cats.

Resurfacing Relatively Large Skin Defects of the Hand Using Arterialized Venous Flaps

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. WOO ◽  
J. H. JEONG ◽  
J. H. SEUL
Keyword(s):  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Partial Necrosis ◽  
Skin Defects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Venous Flaps ◽  
Large Skin ◽  
Venous Flap

Skin flaps nourished by arterial blood entering through the venous network were applied in 12 cases of relatively large skin defects of the hand. The flaps showed remarkable oedema and multiple bullae on their surface from the second to the 14th postoperative day, but partial necrosis of the flap only developed in three cases. The free arterialized venous flap is a useful procedure for resurfacing relatively large skin defects of the hand.

scholarly journals Mixed Epigastric Axial Pattern Flap Following Cutaneous Hemangiosarcoma Excision in a Male Dog

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz Costa Castro ◽  
Vinicius Gonzalez Peres Albernaz ◽  
Rafael Ricardo Huppes ◽  
Sérgio Santalucia Ramos Da Silva ◽  
Jair Rodini Engracia Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Oral Prednisone ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inguinal Region ◽  
Skin Defect ◽  
Epigastric Artery ◽  
The Right

Background: Axial pattern flaps use direct cutaneous arteries to enable closure of a skin defect using a large skin segment. Caudal epigastric axial pattern flaps are highly versatile owing to their wide arc of rotation, which includes the preputial area. The presence of abundant loose and elastic skin allows wider flaps. Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a malignant neoplasm of endothelial cells with aggressive local behavior and high metastatic rate; the lungs are the most common site of metastasis. This case report aims to describe the use of a caudal epigastric artery-based flap, with preservation of some cranial epigastric artery branches for penis sparing, following resection of a hemangiosarcoma in the right inguinal region of a male dog.Case: An eight-year-old male Pitt Bull dog was referred with a 15 cm, ulcerated hemangiosarcoma in the right inguinal region, near the prepuce. A similar tumor had been removed from the same location two years before. Previous treatment with oral prednisone did not provide satisfactory results. The patient was suffering from intense chronic blood loss andbacterial infection of the tumor tissue. Thoracic radiographs revealed multiple metastatic nodules. Only mild regenerative anemia was found in blood tests. Considerable reductions in tumor size and in the ulcerated surface, decrease in bleeding, and recovery of appetite were observed after 7 days of administration of piroxicam and cephalexin. Surgical resectionof the tumor was performed as a palliative treatment with a minimal safety margin of 2 cm, which spared the penis. An epigastric skin flap incorporating the second mammary gland was performed preserving branches of cranial epigastric arteries, and was rotated 160° to cover the defect created in the right inguinal region and on the body of the penis. A small suture dehiscence, necrosis of the distal border of the flap, seroma, and multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli infection were observed in the postoperative period. Administration of penicillin V and topical collagenase, placement of a passive drain, and a second surgical procedure to correct the dehiscence were necessary to solve postoperative complications. Piroxicam based metronomic chemotherapy was maintained continuously, as the patient would exhibit worsening of overall condition upon discontinuation of medication. One hundred days after the initial presentation, the animal was euthanized owing to the presence of an osteolytic lesion on the vertebral bodies of L3-L4 and L5-L6, which were suggestive of discosponlylitis or axial bone metastasis.Discussion: Since lung metastases were present, penectomy and uretrostomy were not considered an option, and a pallia tive surgical treatment was performed. In this case report, cranial and caudal epigastric flap presented few complications. Caudal epigastric blood vessels are robust and abundant. Distal necrosis was considered a minor complication and was in accordance with others reports. The multidrug resistant infection was considered a nosocomial infection that arised from a long hospital stay. By inhibiting cyclooxygenase, piroxicam decreases angiogenesis, increases apoptosis, and prolongs disease-free intervals with mild toxicity. An excellent response to preoperative administration of piroxicam was crucial when choosing the postoperative protocol. A signifcant tumor size reduction and a decrease in chronic bleeding associated to improvement in general health were observed with the piroxicam-based treatment. To our knowledge, this is the frst report of a mixed (cranial and caudal) epigastric artery skin flap. This type of flap was considered a good option for correction of large defects in the inguinal region and for preservation of the prepuce and penis.Keywords: hemangiosarcoma, cranial, caudal, penis, sparing.

scholarly journals Multiple aplasia cutis congenita type V and fetus papyraceous: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Thadchanamoorthy ◽  
Kavinda Dayasiri ◽  
M. Thirukumar ◽  
N. Thamilvannan ◽  
S. H. Chandraratne
Keyword(s):  
Rare Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Aplasia Cutis Congenita ◽  
Skin Defects ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Cutis Aplasia ◽  
Contracture Formation ◽  
Type V ◽  
Aplasia Cutis

Abstract Background Aplasia cutis congenita is regarded as congenital focal absence of skin in the newborn, and occurrence of more than three similar skin defects is rare. The etiology is thought to be multifactorial, and precise etiopathogenesis is unknown. Case presentation A 13-day-old newborn Sri Lankan Tamil girl was referred to the dermatologic clinic with multiple skin defects at birth. There were six lesions on the body, and two of them had healed during intrauterine period, leaving scars. This was a second twin of her pregnancy. Her first twin fetus had demised before 19 weeks of pregnancy and was confirmed to be fetus papyraceous based on ultrasound-guided fetal assessment. The said child was thoroughly investigated and found to have no other congenital abnormalities. Chromosomal studies yielded normal findings. She was treated with tropical antibacterial ointment, and all lesions resolved spontaneously within 4 weeks, leaving scars. Physiotherapy was commenced to prevent contracture formation, and follow-up was arranged in collaboration with the plastic surgical team. Conclusions Aplasia cutis congenita is a rare condition of uncertain etiology, but consanguinity may play a role. This report described a newborn with type V cutis aplasia congenita in whom the diagnosis was confirmed based on clinical features and revision of antenatal history. The management depends on the pattern, extent, location, severity, underlying causes, and associated anomalies.

The future of bioengineering personalised skin on demand for large skin defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 878-879
Author(s):  
Daniela Marino ◽  
Vincent Ronfard
Keyword(s):  
On Demand ◽  
Skin Defects ◽  
The Future ◽  
Large Skin

scholarly journals Sundew-Inspired Adhesive Hydrogel Threads through Reversible Complexation of Polyphenol and Boronic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8591
Author(s):  
Jae Hyuk Choi ◽  
Donghee Son ◽  
Mikyung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Boronic Acid ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
State Dependent

Adhesive hydrogels have been utilized as tissue sealants, hemostatic agents, and wound dressings, with the aim of replacing conventional sutures. To prevent immune response and serious inflammation from those hydrogels after sealing, natural biocompatible polysaccharides are widely used as a component of the hydrogels. However, the weak mechanical strength, insufficient adhesiveness, and rapid dissociation of the hydrogels necessitates additional suturing at the wound site. In this study, we report on a solid polysaccharide thread reversibly crosslinked with boronic acid-polyphenol complexation and its adhesive gelation for complete tissue sealing without additional suturing. The polysaccharide adhesive suture threads demonstrated long-term stability, which is useful when used for skin wound suturing. Specifically, their robust adhesion property occurred as soon as the threads were soaked, attaining a swollen hydrogel state, dependent on the presence of body fluids after suturing. Moreover, the pH of the body fluids affects the viscoelasticity and adhesiveness of the hydrogels in order to ensure a tight sealing. Therefore, we expect that these pH-responsive adhesive threads would be promising for the development of on-demand functional suture materials.

Responses of neurons in and near the thalamic ventrobasal complex of the rat to stimulation of uterus, cervix, vagina, colon, and skin

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Berkley ◽  
G. Guilbaud ◽  
J. M. Benoist ◽  
M. Gautron
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Fields ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Caudal Part ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ventrobasal Complex ◽  
Gentle Pressure ◽  
Somatic Receptive Fields ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Previous studies in the rat and other species have shown that neurons in and near the ventrobasal complex (VB) can be activated by various visceral as well as somatic stimuli. 2. This study examined the responses of 84 single neurons in and near the rostral 2/3 of VB in 19 adult female rats in estrus to mechanical stimulation of the skin (brush, pressure, noxious pinch) and 4 different visceral stimuli, as follows: distension of both uterine horns, mechanical probing of the vagina, gentle pressure against the cervix, and distension of the colon. The rats were studied while under moderate gaseous anesthesia (33% O2-67% N2O + 0.5% halothane) and paralyzed (pancuronium bromide). 3. Of 77 neurons tested with both somatic and visceral stimuli, 70 were responsive to one type and/or the other. Responses to somatic stimuli were immediate with brief afterdischarges to the pinch stimuli. In contrast, responses to visceral stimuli were delayed an average of 9 s with long afterdischarges averaging 2 min. Most viscerally responsive neurons (74%) had somatic receptive fields, often (44%) to noxious pinch. 4. Of the 70 responsive neurons, 43 (61%) responded to 1 or more of the 4 visceral stimuli, primarily with excitation. Most of these 43 neurons (71%) were responsive to uterine distension, whereas fewer responded to stimulation of the cervix (45%), vagina (29%), or colon (34%). 5. Viscerally responsive neurons were preferentially located in regions bordering or near VB. Only 6 of 22 neurons within the core of VB (27%) responded to visceral stimuli, in contrast with 37 of 48 neurons bordering or near VB (77%). 6. The six viscerally responsive neurons within VB all had somatic receptive fields located primarily on the caudal part of the body and were responsive to only one or two of the four visceral stimuli, usually the uterus. The 37 viscerally responsive neurons bordering or near VB were of 3 types. Neurons of the first type (n = 15) were scattered throughout the areas bordering VB and responded to both somatic and visceral stimuli much like VB neurons, except that they showed more visceral convergence. Neurons of the second type (n = 11) were concentrated at the rostral and dorsal borders of VB and responded only to visceral stimuli, mainly the uterus. Neurons of the third type (n = 11) were concentrated ventrally and had very complex, long-lasting and history-dependent response characteristics to both visceral and somatic stimuli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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