scholarly journals Fatty Acids Profile, Physicalchemical Properties and Minerals with Quantify Indicador of Astrocaryum aculeatum Pulp Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Bernardo M. Linhares ◽  
Ana Marcia D. C. Costa ◽  
Herliana D. F. Abreu ◽  
Ana Cristina G. Reis de Melo ◽  
Pedro R. E. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Astrocaryum Aculeatum ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
Acid Index

The species Astrocaryum aculeatum (Arecaceae) is known in the Brazilian Amazon as tucumã, whose fruit is much appreciated by the population of the region, where its pulp, oleaginous, is the most consumed. Thus, the aim of this work was to perform a profile of fatty acids by GC-FID and minerals by ICP-OES of the oil of the pulp of the tucumã (A. aculeatum), as well as their physicochemical properties by 1H NMR. The fruits were collected in Alto Alegre city, Roraima, Brazil. These were taken to the laboratory, sanitized and removing your pulp, submitted to the oven with air circulation at 50 °C for 72 h, the dried pulps were milled and sieved between 20-40 mesh. The pulp oil extraction was realized in Soxhlet with hexane for 6 hours (yield of 54.7%). Were identified a total of 10 fatty acids, of these 23.8% are saturated fatty acids and 76.2% are unsaturated fatty acids: palmitic acid (10.4%), stearic acid (4.9%), oleic acid (64.2%), linoleic acid (11%) and linolenic acid (1%). The physicochemical properties have a pulp oil acid index of 0.31 mg KOH g-1, saponification of 190.39 mg KOH g-1, iodine index of 85.97 mg g-1. Minerals such as in their available forms K (70.05 mg L-1) Na (30.30 mg L-1), Ca (20.13 mg L-1) and P (20.07 mg L-1) were observed in high concentrations. The Amazon tucumã is an oleaginous that deserves our attention because it is composed of essential fatty acids that are beneficial to the human health.

scholarly journals Fatty acids profile, atherogenic and thrombogenic health lipid indices in the meat of lambs that received canola grain

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e178023
Author(s):  
Mayara Mitiko Yoshiraha Carneiro ◽  
Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de Goes ◽  
Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho Barros ◽  
Raquel Tenório de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Rodrigo Mendes Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Sensory Acceptance ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Atherogenicity Index ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

This study evaluated the fatty acid composition and qualitative characteristics of meat from lambs feed in feedlot with increasing levels of canola grain. Meat obtained from 27 lambs fed 0, 8 and 16% inclusion of canola grain were analyzed. There was a reduction in the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA): lauric, heptadecanoic, and stearic; and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA): palmitoleic, oleic, and eicosatrienoic, with the increasing levels of canola grain. There was a linear reduction for the ω3 acid and the ω3: ω6 ratio, while the ω6: ω3 ratio increased. But the values observed for this ratio (ω6: ω3) were lower than 4, which is considered a satisfactory value. There was a slight increase (~2%) for the thrombogenicity index and atherogenicity index with the inclusion of canola grain. There was a reduction in the hypocholesterolemic: hypercholesterolemic ratio, with mean values of 2.09 for the diet with 0% inclusion, and 2.06 for 8 and 16% inclusion of canola. Although the inclusion of canola grain for lambs decreased the content of some UFA, reflecting alterations in the correlated nutritional properties, there is a reduction of SFA. The results for instrumental analysis, proximate composition, and sensory acceptance of the lamb meat were similar among the treatments.

scholarly journals Variation of Fatty Acids and Antioxidants Contents of Vegetarian Rayeb Milk as Affected by Fortification with Natural and Artificial Sweeteners

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Magdy Mohamed Ismail ◽  
Magdy Mohamed Ismail ◽  
Mohamed Abdou Mousa ◽  
Mohamed Ismail Abou-Dobara ◽  
Nawal Mohamed Refat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Milk Mixture ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Rayeb milk (bio-stirred yogurt) samples were prepared from cow milk sesame milk or cow and sesame milk mixture (1:1) with or without adding sucrose (5%), honey (5%), fructose (2.5%) and sorbitol (1.5%) and using ABT-5 culture. Results showed levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA), short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and medium chain fatty acids (MCFA were lower whereas values of unsaturated fatty acids (USFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUSFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUSFA) and long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were higher in sesame milk Rayeb than that of Rayeb manufactured from cow milk. Rayeb made from cow and sesame mixture had higher levels of antioxidant activity than Rayeb prepared from cow milk or sesame milk. The acidity, total solids and total volatile fatty acids values of Rayeb milk treatments contained sweeteners were higher than that of control. The addition of sweeteners decreased SFA, SCFA and MCFA and increased USFA, MUSFA, PUSFA, LCFA and antioxidant activity values of Rayeb milk. Essential fatty acids, linoleic acid (omega-6), α-linolenic acid (omega-3) and oleic acid (omega-9) greatly increased in Rayeb made from cow and sesame milk mixture. Adding sweeteners had the same effect. Fortification of Rayeb milk with sweeteners highly improved the smell, taste, mouth feel, texture and body evaluation scores.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of new peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties

OCL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy A. Zahran ◽  
Hesham Z. Tawfeuk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Oil Characteristics ◽  
First Time

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are one of the major oilseed crops of the world and are an important source of protein in many countries. In this study, some nutrients and characteristics of the seeds’ oil extracted from four peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties: Line 27r (Israel), Line 9 (Malawi), Line 4 (Brazil) and Line 18 (Israel) cultivated, for first time, in Upper Egypt were subjected to the comparative assessment with control NC variety (USA). Peanut seeds are a rich source of oil content (50.45 to 52.12 g 100 g−1 dry weight “DW”). The physicochemical properties of extracted oil were investigated in this study. The obtained data showed that the ratios of saturated fatty acids ranged from 14.24 to 17.23%, and the amounts of unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 82.77 to 85.76%. Significant variations (p ≤ 0.05) of oil content, saponification value, oleic/linoleic (O/L), and oil characteristics were found. Line 9 was found to be high in oil content, while Line 27r was said to have a high O/L ratio (3.22%) and proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (85.76%).

scholarly journals The Changes in the Lipid Composition of Mung Bean Seeds as Affected by Processing Methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed Ali Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Fawzy A El-Fishawy ◽  
Mohamed A El-Geddawy ◽  
Tomas Kurz ◽  
Mohamed N El-Rify
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Tlc Analysis

This study was conducted to assess in detail the possible effects of some technological processes such as soaking, germination, cooking, soaking + cooking, and germination + cooking on the lipid composition of mung bean seeds of Giza 1 variety. TLC analysis of mung bean lipids showed that the phospholipids and triglycerides recorded the highest percentage among lipid fractions (32.26 and 30.10%), while the 1,3 diglycerides constituted the least percentage (2.80%) in mung bean seeds. The soaking, germination and cooking processes caused a decrease in the phospholipids, triglycerides and hydrocarbons accompanied with an increase in monoglycerides, 1,2-(2,3)-diglycerides, sterols and free fatty acids. Eleven fractions were separated from phospholipids class of the studied samples; seven of these fractions were identified. The major component of phospholipids was phosphatidyl choline, amounting to 21.30, 17.84, 16.21, 13.87, 13.20 and 11.47% of the total phospholipids in raw, soaked, germinated, raw-cooked, soaked-cooked and germinated-cooked mung bean seeds, respectively. Gas liquid chromatography of the total lipids of mung bean seeds showed that the unsaturated fatty acids represented 69.58, 64.35, 63.3, 63.16, 61.84 and 61.12%, while the levels of saturated fatty acids were low being 30.37, 34.05, 35.66, 34.64, 37.93 and 38.75% of the total fatty acids in raw, soaked, germinated, raw-cooked, soaked-cooked and germinated-cooked, respectively. The total essential fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic) represented the highest proportion of fatty acids (50.10% of the total fatty acids).

scholarly journals Factores asociados con la calidad de la carne. II parte: perfil de ácidos grasos de la carne bovina en 40 empresas ganaderas de la región Caribe y el Magdalena Medio

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Efrén Vásquez ◽  
Beatriz Abadía ◽  
Luis Carlos Arreaza ◽  
Hugo Humberto Ballesteros ◽  
César Andrés Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

<p>Se evaluó el perfil de cinco ácidos grasos en muestras del músculo <em>Longissimus dorsi </em>de 120 bovinos provenientes de 40 empresas ganaderas de trópico bajo, ubicadas en zonas declaradas libres de aftosa por vacunación y productoras de canales de alta calidad. Respecto del perfil de ácidos grasos de cadena larga se encontró que el promedio general del extracto etéreo fue de 7,41 ± 3,61% con un cv alto (48,80%); además, para esta variable se establecieron diferencias (P&lt; 0,001) en cuanto al tipo de forraje y el suplemento utilizado para la alimentación de los animales, el tipo racial y entre empresas ganaderas; así mismo, hubo diferencias (P&lt; 0,005) en cuanto el efecto de la condición sexual, la clasificación de la canal y el uso de hormonas. Para el total de ácidos grasos se encontró un promedio de 58,11 ± 8,44% distribuido con valores promedio para los ácidos grasos saturados de 30,61 ± 4,96% y para los ácidos grasos insaturados de 27,49 ± 4,23%, de los cuales el 22,87 ± 4,04% está compuesto por ácidos grasos monoinsaturados y el 4,61 ± 0,79% por ácidos grasos poliinsaturados. Con relación a los valores de extracto etéreo se encontró el mayor porcentaje en la raza Brangus (17,68 ± 3,75%), seguido por animales Cebú x <em>Bos taurus </em>y Cebú Brahman, con valores de 7,51 ± 4,76 y 7,30 ± 5,07%, respectivamente; el tipo racial Romosinuano puro y los cruces de Cebú con Romosinuano y Pardo Suizo presentaron los menores valores para esta variable. </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Meat quality associated factors. Part II: Fatty acids profile of beef in 40 cattle enterprises of the Caribbean and mid-Magdalena regions of Colombia </strong></p><strong>]</strong>The profile of five fatty acids in samples of <em>Longissimus dorsi </em>muscle tissue was evaluated on 120 bovine animals from 40 meat enterprises producing high quality carcasses in lowland tropical areas declared free of hoof-and-mouth disease by vaccination. Regarding the profile of long chain fatty acids it was found that the general average of ether extract was 7.41 ± 3.61% with a high cv (48.8%). Additionally, for this variable were established differences (P&lt; 0.001) due to forage type, feed supplement, type of breed and meat enterprise. Similarly, there were differences (P&lt; 0.005) in regard to the effect of gender, carcass classification, and use of hormones. For total fatty acids an average of 58.11 ± 8.44% was found, distributed with mean values for saturated fatty acids of 30.61 ± 4.96% and for unsaturated fatty acids of 27.49 ± 4.23 %, of which 22.87 ± 4.04% is composed of monounsaturated fatty acids and 4.61 ± 0.79% of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Ether extract values were higher with the Brangus breed (17,68 ± 3,75%) followed by Zebú x <em>Bos taurus </em>and Zebú Brahman crosses with values of 7,51 ± 4,76 and 7,30 ± 5,07%, respectively. The pure Romosinuano racial type and the crosses of Zebú x Brown Swiss and Zebu x Romosinuano showed the lowest values for this variable.

scholarly journals Supplementation of Mixed Organic Acids Improves Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Gut Morphology and Volatile Fatty Acids of Broiler Chicken

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3020
Author(s):  
Jiayu Ma ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Shad Mahfuz ◽  
Shenfei Long ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile

Background: Organic acid as a green feed additive is increasingly favoured by enterprises and scholars, but little emphasis has been placed on the effect of organic acids on broiler meat quality. Methods: A total of 192 male chicks (one-day-old, weighted 48.40 ± 0.64 g) were selected to investigate the effect of mixed organic acids (MOA) on growth performance, meat quality as well as fatty acids profile. Chicks were randomly allocated to three treatments with eight replicates and eight chicks per replicate, including a corn–soybean basal diet with 0 (CON), 3000 mg/kg (low MOA; LMOA), and 6000 mg/kg (high MOA; HMOA) MOA. The experiment was divided into starter (d 1–d 21) and grower (d 22–d 42) phases. Results: Broilers supplemented with LMOA and HMOA enhanced (p < 0.05) the final body weight and average daily gain in the grower and overall phases. An improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio in the grower and overall phases was observed in broilers supplemented with LMOA. The breast and thigh muscles pH24h were higher (p < 0.05) in broilers fed with HMOA and the redness in thigh meat was also improved (p < 0.05). Additionally, supplementing LMOA increased (p < 0.05) the saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in breast meat. A positive effect occurred (p < 0.05) on jejunal villus height and ileal crypt depth in 21 d broilers supplemented with HMOA. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that dietary supplementation of MOA could improve the growth performance, meat quality, and fatty acids profile, as well as intestinal morphology. Furthermore, diets supplemented with mixed organic acids at 3000 mg/kg may be more desirable, considering the overall experimental results in broilers.

scholarly journals FATTY ACID PROFILE AND HEALTHY LIPID INDICES OF BULGARIAN GOAT MILK FROM BREEDS, PASTURE-RAISED IN A MOUNTAIN REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pamukova ◽  
N. Naydenova ◽  
G. Mihaylova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Healthy Nutrition

The aim of the present study was to characterize the fatty acids profile and the related health lipid indices of goat`s milk from different Bulgarian breeds in order to add information on its nutritional quality. The study was performed with goat milk from a private farm in the Stara Planina Mountain. Milk samples were collected from three breeds – Bulgarian White Dairy Goat, Toggenburg and local goats. The content of saturated fatty acids was the highest in the milk of the local breed – 83.6% compared to for Bulgarian White Dairy Goat - 75.4% and Toggenburg - 75.2%. The atherogenic index was calculated on the obtained values for lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0) and palmitic (C16:0) acids and the unsaturated fatty acids. The data for the Bulgarian White Dairy Goat was – 3.12; Toggenburg – 3.14 and for local breed – 5.54. The values of the atherogenic index showed that it is the lowest for the Toggenburg, following Bulgarian White Dairy Goat and local breed. Omega 6/Omega 3 ratio varies from 1.58 for local breed to 2.44 for Toggenburg which is within the range of the optimal values for healthy nutrition.

Effect of Boiling and Fermentation on Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid and Micronutrients Composition of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) Seeds

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Charles Nnanna Chukwu ◽  
Charity Uchechi Ogunka-Nnoka ◽  
Joyce Oronne Akaninwor
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

Aim: To ascertain the effects of boiling and fermentation on the physicochemical properties, fatty acid, mineral and vitamin composition of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) seeds. Study Design: Completely randomized design Place and Duration of Study: Rivers and Anambra states, Nigeria, between February and September, 2018. Methodology: Two portions of 200 grams of HS seeds each were subjected to boiling and fermentation. The three samples were designated HSR, HSB and HSF for raw, boiled and fermented HS seeds respectively. Standard methods were used in determining the physicochemical properties and micronutrient composition, while fatty acid constituents were identified using a gas chromatography. Results: The acid, free fatty acid, peroxidase values and specific gravity were significantly increased (p<0.05), while iodine value was significantly reduced (p<0.05) after boiling and fermentation. Saponification value showed a mixed trend, while refractive index was not significantly (p>0.05) altered. Lauric (5.51–33.79%), palmitic (27.23–30.87%) and myristic (12.69–35.00%) acids were the predominant saturated fatty acids in HSR, HSB and HSF samples respectively. Oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic and arachidonic acids were the unsaturated fatty acids present in the samples. Boiling increased oleic acid level, while fermentation caused a drastic reduction (>90%) in its amount. Linoleic acid level improved up to 43% after fermentation. Magnesium, iron and sodium amounts significantly (p<0.05) reduced after boiling and fermentation, while zinc, calcium and molybdenum levels were significantly (p<0.05) improved after boiling. Na/K ratios for all the samples were greater than 0.60, while Ca/Mg values ranged between 0.82 and 3.46, below the recommended value (1.0). Vitamins B1, B3, B12 and D were significantly reduced (p<0.05) after boiling and fermentation, while fermentation significantly increased (p<0.05) vitamins B2, A, E and K levels. Conclusion: HS seeds were shown to possess good physicochemical properties that can enhance its utility in the industry. Boiling and fermentation maximized the usefulness of HS seeds as quality nutritional plant.

scholarly journals Differential oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vivo in the rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leyton ◽  
P. J. Drury ◽  
M. A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Metabolism Chamber ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

1. The oxidation rates of lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, α-linolenic, linoleic, γ-linolenic, dihomo- γ-linolenic and arachidonic acids were studied by use of a radioisotope tracer technique in weanling rats at rest in a metabolism chamber over 24 h.2. Of the saturated fatty acids, lauric acid (12:O) was the most efficient energy substrate: the longer the chain length of the saturated fatty acids, the slower the rate of oxidation.3. Oleic acid (18:1) was oxidized at a remarkably fast rate, similar to that of lauric acid.4. Of the ω6 essential fatty acids studied, linoleic acid (18:2ω6) was oxidized at a faster rate than any of its metabolites, with arachidonic acid (20:4ω6) being oxidized at the slowest rate.5. The rate of oxidation of γ-linolenic acid (18:3ω3) was almost as fast as that of lauric and oleic acids.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Oils and Fats from Amazonian Fruits by 1H NMR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Alves de Melo Filho ◽  
Edvan Alves Chagas ◽  
Jacqueline Aparecida Takahashi ◽  
Ismael Fernández Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Amazonian Fruits

Native plants from the Brazilian Amazon Biome are rich in nutrientes, oils and fats and, therefore, represent a very important regional food resource. Althoung there is a global interest in the nutritional potential of tropical fruits, the potential of Amazonian fruits as source of essential fatty acids is still under exploited, since their composition is still understudied. 1H Magnetic Resonance Nuclear (1H NMR) is a robust spectroscopic tool to profile fatty acids components in oils. The objectives of this work were to use 1H NMR to determine the fatty acids profile and the physicochemical properties of crude oils and fats obtained from fruits of Brazilian Amazon: a&ccedil;a&iacute;, ata-brava, bacaba, buriti, buritirana, murici amarelo, murici vermelho, pia&ccedil;aba braba, tucumanzinho, pupunha red and yellow varieties. Oils were obtained by Soxhlet extraction using hexane as a solvent. After solvent removal by rotoevaporation, the resulting oils and fats were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Unsaturated fatty acids oleic (&omega;9), linoleic (&omega;6) and linolenic (&omega;3) acids were quantified in the oils and their physicochemical properties were determined. It was observed that the oils have predominately &omega;9 fatty acids, followed by &omega;6 and &omega;3 representatives. The physicochemical properties confirmed edibility and good quality of oils and fats present in the aforementioned Amazonian fruits.

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