scholarly journals Leaf Area Estimation in Chamomile

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Jocélia Rosa da Silva ◽  
Arno Bernardo Heldwein ◽  
Andressa Janaína Puhl ◽  
Adriana Almeida do Amarante ◽  
Daniella Moreira Salvadé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Area Estimation ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Area Determination

The knowledge of the variables specific leaf area and leaf area index is important for direct or indirect quantification of plant growth, development and yield. However, there is a lack of these information due to the difficulty in measuring the leaf area of chamomile. Measuring leaf area by direct methods, such as the use of leaf area integrator is a very laborious and time consuming activity because the plant has many leaves and with small size. The use of leaf dry matter is a promising variable for the leaf area estimation. As an important measure to evaluate plant growth, the present study aimed to obtain a model for chamomile leaf area estimation through leaf dry matter. The experiment was conducted in two sowing dates (March 18 and June 30, 2017) at different plant densities (66, 33, 22, 16, 13, 11 and 8 plants m-2). The leaves of chamomile plants were collected in the plant vegetative and reproductive phases. The leaf area determination was performed using the electronic integration method of leaf area. The specific leaf area was 133 cm2 g-1, with no differences between sowing dates, plant densities and phenological phases of plant collection. The leaf area measured with the electronic leaf area integrator exhibited high correlation with chamomile leaf dry matter and the resulting model of leaf area data by the integrator presented optimum performance. This model is indicated for leaf area determination of chamomile when there is availability of leaf dry matter data.

scholarly journals Performance of Chia on Different Sowing Dates: Characteristics of Growth Rate, Leaf Area Index, Shoot Dry Matter Partitioning and Grain Yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carine Hüller Goergen ◽  
Isabel Lago ◽  
Angelica Durigon ◽  
Gabriel Felipe Maboni Roth ◽  
Lúcio Gabriel Scheffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Physiological Indexes

The objective of this study was to comparatively determine the characteristics of growth rate, leaf area index, shoot dry mass partitioning and grain yield of chia plants (Salvia hispanica L.) on different sowing dates. A field experiment was conducted in the crop year of 2016/2017 in five sowing dates (09/22/16, 10/28/16, 01/03/17, 02/08/17 and 03/24/17) with a randomized complete block design and four replicates. Plant growth was determined through field samplings to determine the dry matter mass and leaf area performed every 15 days. The following physiological indexes were calculated: relative growth rate, absolute growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area and leaf mass ratio. To weekly evaluate plant height, ten plants per plot were marked after emergence, and the final height was considered when plants reached physiological maturity. A useful area of 2.10 m² per plot was collected for evaluating grain yield. The physiological indexes indicated that at earlier sowing dates there is a greater plant growth, either in shoot dry matter mass, height and leaf area index. The leaf area index of branches is progressively increased with plant development and contributes significantly to total leaf area index of chia plants in all studied sowing dates. The main stem represents between 60 and 70% of the shoot dry matter accumulated in the early sowing dates, and between 40 and 50% in late sowing. The best sowing date in terms of grain yield is 01/03/17.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation in Biomass Produced Is Linked to Differences in Radiation Acquisition in Mungbean

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Geetika ◽  
Rachaputi ◽  
Collins ◽  
Singh ◽  
Wenham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Rotation Crop

Mungbean has become an important cash and legume rotation crop in the Australian Northern Grains region. Thus, it is necessary to narrow the gap between potential productivity and actual production by understanding the crop physiological attributes contributing to the acquisition of radiation, and it’s conversion into total biomass. A field experiment was conducted at Gatton, during 2018-19 summer season, growing two commercial varieties of mungbean; Jade-AU and Satin II under irrigated conditions. The varieties were planted at 0.5m and 1.0m row spacing and different plant densities. Weekly biomass cuts were taken from a square meter and separated into its components. The area of a green leaf sub-sample was used to compute the leaf area of the canopy. Weekly Ceptometer measurements were taken above and below the canopy at noon on clear, sunny days to obtain a measure of Fraction of radiation interception (Fi). Total shoot dry matter (TDM), pod dry mater (PDM) and leaf area index (LAI) was investigated. There was a significant effect of canopy density on Fi. There was no significant difference in total dry matter between the two varieties, however, there was a highly significant effect of canopy density on TDM. . A highly significant variation in LAI amongst the two varieties and across canopy densities, with Satin II having a higher mean LAI compared to Jade-AU. There was significant effect of canopy density on PDM. Our data indicate variation in dry matter production across canopy densities and there is a need to examine varietal differences in radiation use efficiency which may provide better understanding of hot the captured radiation is utilized in biomass production in mungbean.

Banana plant growth. 2. Dry matter production, leaf area and growth analysis

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (55) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Turner
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Plant Crop

The quantitative aspects of banana plant growth (omitting roots) at Alstonville, New South Wales, are described. Dry matter distribution, leaf area index (L), net assimilation rate (E), leaf area ratio (F) and relative growth rates (R), were measured. For a spring planting, only 1695 kg ha-l dry matter were produced in the first twelve months but 6780 kg were produced in the first half of the second year as the bunch and first ratoon crop developed. The plant crop was characterized by early leaf growth (high F) whereas in the ratoon crops, corm growth was a feature of early growth stages. Leaf area index was less than 1 for the first twelve months but reached 5 after 18 months. Plants were 3.1 m X 1.9 m apart. Net assimilation rate was affected by internal and external factors. The main internal control was the growth of suckers, which tended to increase E. Removal of the suckers in autumn or winter caused a sudden drop i i ~ E and absolute growth rate but when they were removed in early summer E was increased. The external controls affecting E were solar radiation, temperature and soil moisture, although the amount of variation explained in correlations was low. - R appeared to be constant in the plant crop within morphologically defined growth stages. This was not so in moon crops and R was probably a resultant of ontogenetic and climatic drifts. Desuckering in autumn and winter decreased R. Early summer desuckering increased R.

scholarly journals The Effects of Zinc-Oxide Nanoparticles on Growth Parameters of Corn (SC704)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melika Taheri ◽  
Hania Ataiei Qarache ◽  
Alimohammad Ataei Qarache ◽  
Mahdieh Yoosefi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Zno Nanoparticle ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Zno Particles

Nanoparticles are widely used in various fields like medicine and agriculture. Plant growth is hindered in mineral poor soils. Supplementing mineral poor soils can improve plant growth. One role of nanoparticles in agriculture is stimulating crop growth. In this study, the three different physical forms of ZnO particles in irrigation water were used to supplement mineral poor soil. Their effect on the growth of single cross 704 (SC704) corn was investigated. We studied the effects of ZnO nanocolloid, ZnO nanoparticles, and micrometric ZnO particles. The concentration of nanoparticles in irrigation water was 2 ppm. The results show that the addition of all three ZnO particle types in irrigation water improved shoot dry matter and leaf area index. The best results came from the ZnO nanoparticle treatment which on average, increased the shoot dry matter and leaf area indexes by 63.8% and 69.7% respectively. Based on these results, we can conclude that zinc nanoparticles can improve corn growth and yield in mineral poor soils.

scholarly journals Avaliação fenoprodutiva e teores clorofilianos de rabanete sob fertilização com urina de vaca e cobertura morta

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (42) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Francisco De Assis Bezerra Junior ◽  
José Lucínio De Oliveira Freire ◽  
Jandeilson Alves De Arruda ◽  
Thiago Anderson Oliveira de Azevedo ◽  
Luana Apoena Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Chlorophyll Index

The radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a short-cycle vegetable that has a rapid demand for nutrients to grow and produce. Because of the small number of reports on organic fertilization with this crop, this work was conducted in the Plant Production Sector of the Course of Agroecology of the Picuí Campus ,IFPB and aimed to evaluate the attributes of growth, yield and chlorophyll index of radish in response to the application of cow urine, via soil, as an alternative fertilization. The experimental design was organized in randomized blocks, with four replications, in a 6 x 2 factorial arrangement, which corresponded to six concentrations of cow urine (0.00%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1 , 00% and 1,25% - v / v), applied weekly with and without mulch. The variables analyzed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf area index, Falker a, b and total chlorophyll index, longitudinal and equatorial diameters of tuberous roots, fresh tuberous root mass, Axial root length, total dry mass, percentage of commercial tuberous roots, productivity and dry matter yield. The use of mulch reduced specific leaf area, fresh matter and radish productivity, regardless of the concentration of cow urine applied. The leaf chlorophyll index of radish was higher in the plants without mulching. Longer radishes were obtained on substrates without mulching or 0.51% cow urine. Possibly, due to the production of secondary metabolites (allelochemicals) from the mulch (rice straw), the application of 0.54% cow urine without mulching provided higher radish productivity. The concentration of cow urine of 0.38% provided higher yields of dry matter.

RADIATION ABSORPTION, GROWTH AND YIELD OF PIGEONPEA CULTIVARS AS INFLUENCED BY SOWING DATES

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. PATEL ◽  
A. N. MEHTA ◽  
A. M. SHEKH
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Radiation Absorption ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Reproductive Phase ◽  
Sowing Dates

Two pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) cultivars GT-100 (determinate type) and BDN-2 (indeterminate type) were planted on three sowing dates (30 June, 20 July and 9 August) in 1993 and 1994. Pigeonpea sown on the earliest date attained the highest leaf area index (LAI), absorbed the largest amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and produced the highest total dry matter (DM). The differences in biomass and seed yield among sowing dates were largely ascribed to totals of PAR absorbed and dry matter produced, especially in the reproductive phase. The high LAI persistence and PAR interception, coinciding with the podding phase, appeared to be mainly responsible for the increased yield in early sowings. Radiation use efficiency decreased as sowing was delayed, but did not have much effect on DM accumulation in various phases nor on final yields. Although the extinction coefficient was not influenced by sowing dates, it was inversely related to leaf area index in both cultivars. Between the cultivars, the differences in biomass reflected the differences in PAR absorbed and DM accumulation, depending upon leaf area development and growth duration. The cultivar GT-100 had a higher seed yield and harvest index than BDN-2 due to more of the DM produced being partitioned into pods during the reproductive phase on account of its determinate growth habit. Early sowings of determinate cultivars could maximize both vegetative and reproductive growth, capture more light and produce more seed yields under rainfed conditions.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Response of Two Runner Peanut Cultivars to Reduced Seeding Rate1

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tewolde ◽  
M. C. Black ◽  
C. J. Fernandez ◽  
A. M. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Growth Adjustment ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Abstract The ability of peanut plants to adjust to wide plant-to-plant spacing and the use of more precise mechanical planters have not been thoroughly exploited to reduce seeding rates. The magnitude of plant growth adjustment of two runner peanut cultivars to reduced seeding rate was studied in 1992 and 1993. A precision vacuum planter was used to plant the cultivars GK-7 and Southern Runner (SR) in single rows per bed at 8, 12, and 22 seed/m2. Total plant dry matter weight (TDM), leaf area (LA), and main stem height, nodes, and branches were measured six times during each season. Vegetative growth adjustment to reduced seeding rate was detected as early as 52 d after planting (DAP) in 1992 and 42 DAP in 1993. Plants fully adjusted to reduced seeding rate when they began forming pods at 70 DAP in 1992 and 75 DAP in 1993. By this stage, individual plants in the 8 seed/m2 treatment accumulated 2 to 2.7 times as much total dry matter (TDM) as plants in the 22 seed/m2, and all seeding treatments within each cultivar accumulated equivalent amounts of TDM on a unit ground area basis. The 8 seed/m2 treatment produced significantly greater TDM/m2 and leaf area index (LAI) than the 22 seed/m2 treatment by the end of both seasons (132 DAP in 1992 and 152 DAP in 1993). The partitioning of dry weight to pods and leaves was also greatest for the 8 seed/m2 seeding treatment. By the end of the season, the 8 seed/ m2 seeding treatment produced as much as 30% more pod dry weight (PDW) per m2 than the 22 seed/m2 treatment. Plants in the 8 seed/m2 seeding were significantly shorter but produced more main stem nodes and branches than the 22 seed/m2 seeding. Under the conditions of this study, plants of these runner cultivars showed the capacity to grow larger and compensate fully for reduced seeding rate before any measurable pod production began. Pod production, therefore, was not reduced and in some situations increased by reducing the seeding rate to as low as 8 seed/m2.

Growth of sugar-beet crops including the influence of synthetic plant growth regulators

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Green ◽  
L. V. Vaidyanathan ◽  
J. D. Ivins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning

SummaryObservations are presented from a crop of sugar beet grown in Cambridgeshire during 1978, and a field trial at Sutton Bonington during 1985 in which the influence of synthetic plant growth regulators (PGRs) daminozide, chlormequat, GA4+7 and ethephon were compared.Several distinct patterns of growth were evident, being similar for both growing seasons and described by two intersecting straight lines. Early development was characterized by a slow rate of biomass accumulation, a dominance of foliage production with a constant but small root fraction (around 40%), a low specific leaf area and a slow but conservative rate of sucrose fractionation. Later in the season the rate of stand growth was both constant and maximal, the root fraction doubled, specific leaf area increased and the rate of sucrose accumulation rose markedly.Transitions between developmental phases occurred at various times dependent on variate under consideration. The onset of the main growth period began at the end of June, followed by an increase in the rate of sucrose accumulation about 2 weeks later. Finally, near the end of July, partition of assimilate into the root assumed a faster rate. Changes in the partitioning into both roots and sucrose are discussed in relation to the development of the secondary cambium.Generally there were no effects of PGRs on biomass accumulation, dry-matter partitioning, specific leaf area and sucrose accumulation. However, daminozide increased early canopy expansion and early dry-matter production but failed to influence biomass or sugar yield.

scholarly journals Some genetic parameter for maize under different planting dates and environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Ahmed Kazem ◽  
Wajeeha Abed Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Sowing Dates

"To evaluate the performance of introduced varieties of maize under different sowing dates and locations, in addition to local variety, a field experiment was carried out in two locations;. The study compared five varieties of maize introduced from America, with a local synthetic variety (Ibba 5018) and tested it in two locations at three sowing dates (1, 15 July and 1 August). The Randomized Complete Block Design RCBD was used with four replications, with spilt plot arrangements, the main plots included three sowing dates, the secondary plots included, the varieties. The traits of the days number to tassling and days to silking, plant height, ear height, number of leaves, leaves area, leaf area index, number of ears plant-1 , ear length, the number of rows ear-1, number of grains row-1 , number of grains of the plant, weight of 100 grains, total dry matter weight, the number of days to Physiological maturity, crop growth rate, individual plant yield and yield (tons h-1 ) were studied. The results showed that the values of the standard error (SE) in the two trial locations were low for the studied traits and within the acceptable limit except leaf area which was high in the first and second dates for the Baghdad location and for the three dates of the Diyala incident, as well as the values of the coefficient of variation (CV) were also low and within statistically acceptable limits and for all the traits studied in the three dates and for the two locations. Genetic variations were higher than the = environmental variation for most of the studied traits and the phenotypic coefficient of variation is close to the coefficient of genetic variation for the two locations and the three sowing dates, and this indicates that the traits are genetically governed. The value of heritability in a broad sense was higher than 90% at Baghdad location for first of July for the traits leaves area and its index, weight of the dry matter, number of days to physiological maturity (96.6, 97.4, 93.4 and 94.4%, respectively) and for 15 July for the traits. Leaf area and its index, and number of days to physiological maturity (94.7, 94.7 and 93.4%), and for I Aug for 9 traits; number of days silking, the leaf area and leaf area index, number of ears dry matter, days to maturity, rate of crop growth and yield the plant and unit area ((95.7, 99.4, 99.4, 94, 98.4, 95.5, 98.6, 93.4, 93.5%) Sequentially. As for Diyala, the traits of leaf area, leaf area index, number of days to physiological maturity, yield of plants, and area unit in the three dates were superior to the highest heritability (92.3, 92.3, 98.7, 73.6, 73.6%), (90.2, 90.2, 98.8, 82.9, 82 .9%), (90.9, 90.9, 86.4, 80.7, 80.7% respectively)."

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document