scholarly journals Proposal Solar Drying With Heat Storage Applied to Medicinal Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Valentin Silvera Diaz ◽  
Eduardo Gonçalves Reimbrecht ◽  
Tales Jahn ◽  
Oswaldo Hideo Ando Junior
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
System A ◽  
Solar Fraction ◽  
The City ◽  
And Storage

In this work, a proposal of an indirect solar dryer with a vacuum solar collector and storage of water-sensitive heater is presented. A mathematical model is presented as the first approximation to evaluate the performance. The test climatic conditions are based on the city of Cascavel (Paraná, Brazil) and the resolution of the model was aided by the EES program. In order to analyze the performance of the system, a model load was created based on the references found in the literature, sample of 80 kg with initial water content of 75% w.b and final of 10% w.b, for drying time of 4 h and 3 h with air velocity of 0.7 m/s and 1.1 m/s respectively. It was possible to simulate the variation of the temperature of the reservoir during the day, as well as the response of the heat exchanger to the variation of temperature of entrance of the fluids and the climatic influence, radiation and ambient temperature in the participation of the solar energy in the total energy consumption of the drying. The simulations suggest good results with solar fraction between 20 and 47 %, meanwhile in the literature the values reported are between 10 and 25%.

The involvement of the mitochondrial peroxiredoxin PRXIIF in defining physiological differences between orthodox and recalcitrant seeds of two Acer species

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Ratajczak ◽  
Elke Ströher ◽  
Marie-Luise Oelze ◽  
Ewa M. Kalemba ◽  
Stanisława Pukacka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcript Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
2D Electrophoresis ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Recalcitrant Seeds ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Norway Maple ◽  
Physiological Differences

Norway maple (Acer platanoides L., orthodox) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L., recalcitrant) belong to the same genus and grow under similar climatic conditions, but their seeds differ in their tolerance to desiccation. The initial water content (WC) of the seeds used in this study was 50%, and they were dried to 40, 20 and 7%. The mitochondrial peroxiredoxin IIF (PRXIIF) was identified in seeds of both species by immunoblotting. Semiquantitative RT–PCR analyses indicated that the transcript level of PRXIIF in both types of seeds increased during different stages of desiccation and was higher in seeds of Norway maple than in sycamore. General proteome analyses showed important differences between orthodox and recalcitrant seeds. In sycamore seeds that had been desiccated to a 7% WC, the number of protein spots and the levels of those spots were lower than in desiccation-tolerant Norway maple seeds. Post-translational modifications of PRXIIF in seeds at a 50% WC were detected via 2D electrophoresis and subsequent western blot analysis. The detected shift in the pI values (± 0.3) in A. pseudoplatanus was possibly caused by phosphorylation because several potential phosphorylation sites were predicted in silico for that protein. The gene and amino acid sequences were obtained and aligned with known sequences of other plant PRXIIF genes and proteins. High values of sequence identity were noted between the PRXIIF protein sequences of Acer species, Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. The involvement of PRXIIF in defining the physiological differences between desiccation-tolerant and desiccation-sensitive Acer seeds is discussed in the context of its role in mitochondrial redox homeostasis.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Sifat Fisik Dan Kimia Tepung Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon Linn.) Dengan Variasi Suhu Menggunakan Alat Pengering Tipe Tray Dryer

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-541
Author(s):  
Ratih Anggraini ◽  
Rahmat Fadhil ◽  
Bambang Sukarno Putra
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Gnetum Gnemon ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstrak. Pemanfaatan tepung melinjo adalah sebagai produk olahan aneka makanan ringan yang dapat meningkatkan nilai jual yang tinggi. Biji dan kulit merupakan produk utama dari tanaman melinjo yang di olah oleh masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik sifat fisik dan kimia tepung melinjo (Gnetum gnemon Linn.) dengan variasi suhu menggunakan alat pengering tipe tray dryer.Penelitian ini dimulai dengan melakukan pensortasi dengan dan dikupas, kemudian biji melinjo diukur kadar air awal, kadar pati awal, dan kadar abu awal. Biji melinjo yang telah dikupas lalu disangrai di atas pasir panas setelah itu dikeringkan dengan variasi suhu 35oC, 45oC dan 55oC menggunakan alat pengering tipe tray dryer. Biji melinjo kering, diukur kembali kadar air dan biji melinjo di haluskan menggunakan gerinder selama 2 menit, dan diayak menggunakan ayakan 60 mesh. Pengukuran parameter menggunakan teknik analisa data rancangan acak lengkap Non faktorial dan uji organoleptik (warna, aroma dan rasa) yang menggunakan metode perbandingan eksponensial.Hasil dari kadar air akhir tepung dengan rata-rata yang dihasilkan 7,98%. rendemen tepung melinjo pada suhu 35oC sebesar 20,52% dan rendemen tepung melinjo pada suhu 55oC sebesar 19,90%. Kadar pati tepung melinjo tertinggi yaitu pati awal sebesar 58,61% dan kadar pati terendah pada suhu 55oC sebesar 47,38%. Kadar abu awal sebesar 2,38% dan kadar abu pada suhu 55 oC 1,56% . Hasil dari uji organoleptik tepung melinjo menggunakan metode perbandingan eksponensial bahwa panelis lebih menyukai tepung pada suhu 45oC sebesar 886,72 dengan alternatif keputusan urutan pertama pada suhu 45oC. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sidik ragam bahwa variasi suhu tidak berpengaruh nyata (p0,05) terhadap kadar air, kadar pati, dan rendemen, sedangkan variasi suhu sangat berpengaruh nyata (p0,05) terhadap lama waktu pengeringanCharacteristics Of Physical And Chemical Properties Of Melinjo Flour(Gnetum gnemon Linn.) With Variation Of Temperature Using Tray Dryer Typ e Dryer ToolsAbstract. The utilization of melinjo flour is as a processed product of various snacks which can increase high selling value. Seeds and skins are the main products of melinjo plants processed by the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of melinjo flour (Gnetum gnemon Linn.) With temperature variations using a tray dryer.The research was started by sorting with and peeling, then melinjo seeds were measured with initial water content, initial starch content, and initial ash content. Melinjo seeds that have been peeled and then roasted on hot sand after it is dried with a temperature variation of 35oC, 45oC and 55oC using a tray dryer. Melinjo seeds are dried, water content is measured again and melinjo seeds are smoothed using a grinder for 2 minutes, and sieved using a 60 mesh sieve. Parameter measurement using non-factorial completely randomized design data analysis techniques and organoleptic tests (color, aroma, and taste) using an exponential comparison method.The results of the final water content of flour with an average yield of 7.98%. yield of melinjo flour at 35 oC at 20.52% and yield of melinjo flour at 55 oC at 19.90%. The highest starch level of melinjo flour is initial starch of 58.61% and the lowest starch level at 55 oC of 47.38%. Initial ash content of 2.38% and ash content at a temperature of 55 oC 1.56%. The results of the organoleptic test of melinjo flour using an exponential comparison method that panelists prefer flour at a temperature of 45 oC at 886.72 with alternative first-order decisions at 45oC. Based on the results of analysis of variance that temperature variations have no significant effect (p 0.05) on water content, starch content, and yield, while temperature variations have a significant effect (p 0.05) on the drying time.

Рациональное использование свободного напора

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rozhnov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The City

Линейная удаленность объектов в г. Новокузнецке достигает 40 км с разницей высотных отметок 157 м. Два главных водозабора города удалены друг от друга на расстояние 20 км, что предполагает наличие зон с разным свободным напором. Управление давлением и распределение воды по районам традиционно осуществлялось дросселированием запорной арматурой, а в исходной схеме водоснабжения функционировали 119 насосных станций с агрегатами мощностью от 0,75 до 1250 кВт. По результатам анализа возможных путей решения проблемы были сформированы предложения по установке редукционных клапанов, разработана схема их установки и определены режимы работы новой системы. Установка регуляторов по всему городу решалась в два этапа. В 2016 г. в результате установки семи регуляторов были остановлены 13 повысительных насосных станций общей мощностью более 150 кВт. На втором этапе в 2017 г. были установлены еще 12 регуляторов и остановлены 8 станций общей мощностью 40 кВт, а на пяти станциях была выполнена оптимизация с заменой насосов агрегатами меньшей мощности. Окупаемость проекта составила 4 года.The linear remoteness of the water facilities in the city of Novokuznetsk reaches 40 km with a difference in elevations of 157 m. The two main water intakes of the city are located at the distance of 20 km from each other, which suggests the availability of zones with different free head. Pressure control and water distribution among the districts was traditionally carried out by throttling shutoff valves, and 119 pumping stations with pumps of 0.751250 kW capacity were operating in the initial water supply scheme. Based on the analysis of possible solutions to the problem, proposals were made for the installation of pressure reducing valves, an installation diagram was developed, and the operating modes of the new system were determined. The installation of regulators throughout the city was carried out in two stages. In 2016, as a result of the installation of 7 regulators, 13 booster pumping stations with a total energy consumption of more than 150 kW were phased out at the second stage in 2017, 12 more regulators were installed and 8 more pumping stations with a total energy consumption of 40 kW were put out of operation and 5 pumping stations were upgraded with pump replacement for lower capacity. The project payback period was 4 years.

scholarly journals Adjustment of mathematical models and quality of soybean grains in the drying with high temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo C. Coradi ◽  
Carlos H. P. Fernandes ◽  
Jean C. Helmich
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Moisture Contents

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the initial moisture content of soybeans and the drying air temperatures on drying kinetics and grain quality, and find the best mathematical model that fit the experimental data of drying, effective diffusivity and isosteric heat of desorption. The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD), with a factorial scheme (4 x 2), four drying temperatures (75, 90, 105 and 120 ºC) and two initial moisture contents (25 and 19% d.b.), with three replicates. The initial moisture content of the product interferes with the drying time. The model of Wang and Singh proved to be more suitable to describe the drying of soybeans to temperature ranges of the drying air of 75, 90, 105 and 120 °C and initial moisture contents of 19 and 25% (d.b.). The effective diffusivity obtained from the drying of soybeans was higher (2.5 x 10-11 m2 s-1) for a temperature of 120 °C and water content of 25% (d.b.). Drying of soybeans at higher temperatures (above 105 °C) and higher initial water content (25% d.b.) also increases the amount of energy (3894.57 kJ kg-1), i.e., the isosteric heat of desorption necessary to perform the process. Drying air temperature and different initial moisture contents affected the quality of soybean along the drying time (electrical conductivity of 540.35 µS cm-1g-1); however, not affect the final yield of the oil extracted from soybean grains (15.69%).

scholarly journals Physiological performance of Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi: a species with recalcitrant and dormant seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Goudinho Viana ◽  
Ana Paula Lando ◽  
Rosa Angelica da Silva ◽  
Cláudia Dias da Costa ◽  
Pedro Henrique Mastriane Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Physiological Performance ◽  
Seed Biology ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Abstract: Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi is a native species widely distributed in Brazil. It has ornamental features, edible fruits, and its leaves have medicinal properties; however, its potential has not been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate seed physiological performance due to dormancy, desiccation and storage tolerance. Only decoated seeds germinated. Seeds had an initial water content of 1.07 g H2O.g-1 dw and final germination of 95%. Both desiccation to 0.67 g H2O.g-1 dw and storage at 25 ºC for ninety days resulted in decreased germination, 43 and 41%, respectively. Desiccation below 0.25 g H2O.g-1 dw and storage for ninety days at 5 ºC were lethal. A rapid decrease in enzymic protection by superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase was correlated to desiccation sensitivity. Total polyamines content was higher in fresh seeds and markedly decreased with desiccation. The decrease in enzyme activity and polyamines content seems to be associated with seed viability loss. In sum, G. gardneriana seeds have a low tolerance to desiccation and are sensitive to chilling. Therefore, the seeds can be categorized as recalcitrant and dormant, a rare combination in terms of seed biology.

Influence of initial water content and strain rate on remolded yield stress in marine clay

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaobing Li ◽  
Jianpeng Chen ◽  
Xiuqing Hu ◽  
Hongtao Fu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Initial Water

scholarly journals Application of the Calorimetric Methods to the Characteristics of Seeds from Olives

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bryś ◽  
Joanna Bryś ◽  
Marko Obranović ◽  
Dubravka Škevin ◽  
Szymon Głowacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Initial Water

The olive oil industry represents an important productive sector in the Mediterranean basin countries. Olive stone is an essential by-product generated in the olive oil extraction industries and it represents roughly 10% by weight of the olive fruit. The seeds of pickled olives are also a significant waste product. In the present study, we have investigated the possibility of the use of differential scanning calorimetry for the thermal characterization of seeds from green and black pickled olives from Croatia. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with a normal pressure cell equipped with a cooling system was used to determine the thermal properties of seeds from olives. The following analyses were also performed: the determination of calorific values in a pressure bomb calorimeter, the determination of initial water content, the determination of changes of water content during drying at the temperatures of 30 °C, 50 °C and 80 °C, the determination of a percentage content of seeds mass to the mass of the whole olives, and the determination of ash content. Seeds from olives are characterized by very good parameters as a biomass. The analyzed olive seeds were characterized by low water content, low ash content, and a relatively high caloric value.

scholarly journals An Integrated Approach Using Spatial Analysis to Study the Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis in Area of Recent Transmission

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Alves Menezes ◽  
Eduardo de Castro Ferreira ◽  
José Dilermando Andrade-Filho ◽  
Alessandra Mara de Sousa ◽  
Mayron Henrique Gomes Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Recent Transmission ◽  
Current Transmission ◽  
Canine Infection ◽  
The City

Some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis in the municipality of Formiga, Brazil, an important touristic site, were evaluated. Those included phlebotomine sand fly vectors, canine infection, and geoprocessing analysis for determining critical transmission areas. Sand flies (224 insects) belonging to ten different species were captured. The most captured species includedLutzomyia longipalpis(35.3%),Lutzomyia cortelezzii(33.5%), andLutzomyia whitmani(18.3%). A significant correlation between sand fly densities and climatic conditions was detected. Serological diagnosis (DPP and ELISA) was performed in 570 dogs indicating a prevalence of 5.8%. After sequencing the main species circulating in the area wereLeishmania infantumandLeishmania braziliensis. Spatial analysis demonstrated that vegetation and hydrography may be related to sand fly distribution and infected dogs. The municipality of Formiga has proven leishmaniasis vectors and infected dogs indicating the circulation of the parasite in the city. Correlation of those data with environmental and human cases has identified the critical areas for control interventions (south, northeast, and northwest). In conclusion, there is current transmission of visceral and canine human cases and the city is on the risk for the appearance of cutaneous cases.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON MODEL FITTING AND STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CRITICAL STATE FOR EXPANSIVE SOIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqing Li ◽  
Chuan Tang ◽  
Ruilin Hu ◽  
Yingxin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Critical State ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Shearing Strength

According to Mengzi expansive soil, consolidated drained tests and undrained tests are carried on under saturated and remoulded conditions. The stress-strain characteristics of saturated soil are researched systematically under different confining pressure, initial dry density, initial water content, shearing rate and drainage condition. The inherent unity of diversity of shearing strength for the same samples measured by different experimental methods is indicated according to the normalization of critical state test results. And the failure lines in p ‘- q - ν space of remoulded saturated expansive soil under consolidated drained and undrained conditions are attained. The hyperbolic curve model can fit well the weak hardening stress-strain curves and the exponential curve model can fit the weak softening stress-strain curves. The test results can provide technical parameters and theoretical help for shearing strength variation of slope during rainfall and strength state of soil structure in normal water level.

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