scholarly journals Effect of Phaleria macrocapa on Atrophy and Apoptosis of Intestinal Mucous Cell and Phalerin Concentration at Portal Vein and Systemic Circulation in Adenocarcinoma Mice following Adriamycine and Cyclophosphamide Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-610
Author(s):  
Titik Sumarawati ◽  
Ignatius Riwanto ◽  
Soeharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Edi Dharmana ◽  
Taufiqurachman Nasihun
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Mucous Cell ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Cyclophosphamide Treatment

scholarly journals Prevention of Gut Barrier Dysfunction During Acute Massive Blood Loss (Experimental Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
A. Y. Yakovlev ◽  
G. A. Boyarinov ◽  
D. V. Ryabikov ◽  
M. A. Ryabikova ◽  
D. M. Protasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Massive Blood Loss ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Portal Veins

Purpose of the study: to investigate the influence of hypovolemia correction by infusion of malate-containing preparations and subsequent glutamine-enriched nutritional support on the maintenance of gut barrier and overhydration in animals with acute massive blood loss/  Materials and methods. Blood samples were harvested from the tail and portal veins of rats (n=100) at different time points after the acute blood loss (>30% V/V) . Bacterial blood cultures for growth, lipopolysaccharide and presepsin concentrations, colon structures and animal weight were analyzed in blood and plasma specimens 1 hour, one day and 3 days after the hypovolemia correction. To correct the hypovolemia, in the 1st series of experiments, the Ringer’s solution and standard nutrient mixture were used; in the 2nd series malatecontaining solution and standard nutrient mixture were administered; in the 3rd series a malate-containing solution and glutamine-enriched nutrient mixture were employed.Results. In the portal vein blood of intact animals, endotoxin measurement was equal to 17.8Ѓ}3.9 pg/ml, that of presepsin — 405.6Ѓ}80.1 pg/ml. At all stages, tail and portal blood bacterial cultures were negative demonstrating an absence of bacterial growth and gut barrier intactness for live microorganisms. One hour after hypovolemia correction and blood reinfusion, multifold increase in endotoxin concentration in the blood from both portal and tail veins was accompanied by significant increase of presepsin concentration. 24 hours after the blood loss, in the animals of the 2nd and 3rd series, the levels of endotoxin, presepsin, and edema of the colon mucous membrane and submucosal space has become lower than those in the 1st series. Three days later, the advantages of glutamine-containing nutrition in the 3rd series of the experiment were determined that revealed decreasing the endotoxin and presepsin concentrations in the portal and tail vein blood and diminishing the levels of interstitial edema of colon and animal weight growth.Conclusion. Administration of malate-containing infusion preparations and glutamine-enriched nutrition after an acute massive blood loss contributes to decreasing presepsin production in GIT organs, abrogating endotoxin translocation into the portal vein and systemic circulation, lessening severity of edema of the mucous membrane and submucosal space of the colon, and reducing the previously increased animal body mass.

scholarly journals Unligated vertical vein presenting as a large atrio-portal shunt in adulthood: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia R Layton ◽  
Marinos Koulouroudias ◽  
Eyad Issa ◽  
Steve Jepson ◽  
Antonio F Corno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Vertical Vein ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Abstract A 28-year-old male with infra-cardiac totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) repaired as new-born presented in adulthood with right heart strain and very large left atrium to portal vein vessel. Residual connections from pulmonary veins to systemic circulation are believed to represent persistent ‘vertical veins’ (VV) not ligated at the time of the initial surgery. In our patient, since endovascular occlusion was not judged suitable, the anomalous vessel was surgically ligated and resected. A review of the literature failed to find such a procedure reported in an adult patient and analyzed the intra-operative ligation of VV during repair of TAPVC.

Evidence for intestinal release of absorbed selenium in a form with high hepatic extraction

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (5) ◽  
pp. G854-G858 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kato ◽  
R. Read ◽  
J. Rozga ◽  
R. F. Burk
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Selenoprotein P ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Hepatic Extraction ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Selenium Uptake ◽  
Better Than

Selenium is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and utilized for synthesis of selenoproteins. Roles of intestine, liver, and selenoprotein P in this process were evaluated. Rats were given 75Se-selenite by stomach tube, and distribution of 75Se was followed for 3 h. A high portal vein plasma-to-hepatic vein plasma ratio of 75Se 15 min after 75Se administration and earlier uptake by liver than by other tissues indicated avid hepatic extraction of absorbed selenium from portal vein blood. The results of gel filtration of plasma taken 15 min after 75Se administration suggested that the 75Se was in the form of small molecules with some affinity for protein. Immunoprecipitation studies using plasma indicated that 75Se began to appear in selenoprotein P between 15 and 30 min after intragastric administration. To evaluate the role of the liver in the fate of absorbed selenium, rats with portacaval shunts, in which absorbed selenium bypasses the liver, were compared with sham-operated rats. After intragastric administration of selenium, uptake by the liver and incorporation into selenoprotein P were diminished in rats with portacaval shunts but kidney uptake and urinary excretion were increased. This suggests that hepatic extraction of absorbed selenium from portal vein blood decreases its entrance into the systemic circulation. The results of this study indicate that intestine releases absorbed selenium into portal blood in a small-molecule form, designated A-Se, which is highly extracted by the liver. The liver takes up A-Se better than other tissues because of a high extraction capacity and the fact that it is the first organ through which the blood from the intestine passes.

scholarly journals Studies of the Toxicological Potential of Capsinoids, XII: Pharmacokinetic Study of Capsinoid-Containing CH-19 Sweet Extract in Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15S-21S ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Shirai ◽  
Satoko Ueno ◽  
Akira Nakayama ◽  
Kiyoko Ikeuchi ◽  
Kazuyuki Ubukata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Study ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Medium Chain Triglyceride ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Vanillyl Alcohol ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Time Curve

Pharmacokinetics of the main capsinoid components of CH-19 Sweet extract (capsiate, dihydrocapsiate, and nordihydrocapsiate) were investigated in rats receiving a single gavage dose of extract containing 10 or 100 mg of capsinoids per kilogram in medium-chain triglyceride. Resultant blood levels of these capsinoids and a capsinoid metabolite, vanillyl alcohol, were measured in portal vein and systemic blood. Capsinoids were never detected. Portal compartment vanillyl alcohol concentrations and area under the plasma concentration versus time curve increased approximately with dose, whereas the time to maximum concentration of vanillyl alcohol was independent of dose (30 minutes post dosing), suggesting that precipitation in the stomach or intestines was unlikely. Vanillyl alcohol levels were just barely detectable in systemic plasma (5 minutes post dosing). Significant levels of vanillyl alcohol conjugates, sulfate, and glucuronide were detected in the systemic blood. Given that the orally administered capsinoids were never detected in the portal vein or systemic circulation, these compounds must be broken down (chemically or enzymatically) to vanillyl alcohol.

Gastric 17β-estradiol in portal vein and liver Esr1 make a circadian rhythm in systemic circulation in male rats

Endocrine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroto Kobayashi ◽  
Saori Yoshida ◽  
Ying-Jie Sun ◽  
Nobuyuki Shirasawa ◽  
Akira Naito
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
17Β Estradiol

scholarly journals Direct Measurement of Pulsatile Insulin Secretion from the Portal Vein in Human Subjects1

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 4491-4499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon H. Song ◽  
Susan S. McIntyre ◽  
Hasnain Shah ◽  
Johannes D. Veldhuis ◽  
Peter C. Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Insulin Release ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Pulse Signal ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Interpulse Interval ◽  
Portal Circulation ◽  
Pulsatile Insulin Secretion

Insulin is secreted in a high frequency pulsatile manner. These pulses are delivered directly into the portal vein and then undergo extraction and dilution before delivery into the systemic circulation. The reported frequency of these insulin pulses estimated in peripheral blood varies from an interpulse interval of 4–20 min. We postulated that this discrepancy is due to the attenuation of the pulse signal in the systemic circulation vs. the portal circulation. In the present study we measured pulsatile insulin release directly in the portal circulation of human subjects who had indwelling transjugular intrahepatic portasystemic stent shunts (TIPSS) to decompress portal hypertension. We quantitated pulsatile insulin secretion in both the overnight fasted state (fasting) and during a hyperglycemic clamp (8 mmol/L). Direct portal vein sampling established that pulsatile insulin secretion in humans has an interval (periodicity) of approximately 5 min. The amplitude (and mass) of the insulin concentration oscillations observed in the portal vein was approximately 5-fold greater than that observed in the arterialized vein and was similar to that observed in the dog. Increased insulin release during hyperglycemia was achieved through amplification of the insulin pulse mass. In conclusion, direct portal vein sampling in humans revealed that the interpulse interval of insulin pulses in humans is about 5 min, and this frequency is also observed when sampling from the systemic circulation using a highly specific insulin assay and 1-min sampling, but is about 4-fold greater than the frequency observed at this site using single site RIAs. We confirm that enhanced insulin release in response to hyperglycemia is achieved by amplification of these high frequency pulses.

scholarly journals Abernethy Malformation in Combination with Gilbert’s Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
N. B. Gubergrits ◽  
E. L. Bondar ◽  
E. A. Dyadyk ◽  
E. V. Berezhnaya ◽  
Yu. E. Chirkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Vascular Anomaly ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Abernethy Malformation ◽  
Gilbert’S Syndrome ◽  
Gilbert's Syndrome ◽  
The Right

Aim. To present a clinical case of the Abernethy syndrome.Key points. Abernethy syndrome is a rare vascular anomaly associated with a congenital absence of the portal vein, as a result of which portal blood from the intestines and spleen drains directly into the systemic circulation bypassing the liver though a complete or partial shunt. In the vast majority of cases, Abernethy syndrome is manifested during the newborn period by jaundice syndrome, hypergalactosemia and encephalopathy. In rare cases, this vascular malformation is diagnosed in older patients during ultrasound screening. A 31 year-old patient sought medical attention with the complaints of sleep disturbance and fatigue. The conducted instrumental observation revealed echo-signs of malformation (agenesia) of the portal vein, which was further confirmed by both X-ray-contrast computed tomography and the pathohistological analysis of liver biopsy slides. The genotype UGT1A1•28 confirmed Gilbert's syndrome. Neutropenia (0.8 × 109/L) with a drop in the level of segmented neutrophils up to 27% was regarded as shunt neutropenia. Number connection test confirmed shunt encephalopathy. Conservative therapy for correcting hepatic encephalopathy was prescribed, followed by a dynamic monitoring of the patient’s condition.Conclusion. Diagnosis of Abernethy malformation is important for choosing the right treatment for the timely correction of complications of the disease and early detection of adenoma or hepatocellular carcinoma.

scholarly journals Ultrasonography and portography in the diagnosis of shunt portoazigos in a dog - case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-868
Author(s):  
C.J. Santos ◽  
R.C. Valadares ◽  
R.C.S. Torres ◽  
A.C. Nepomuceno
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Azygos Vein ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
Portosystemic Shunts ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRACT Portosystemic shunt (PSS) is an anomalous vascular connection between the portal venous system and the systemic circulation. These deviations connect the main portal vein (PV) or some portal branches to the vena cava (VC) or, less commonly, to the azygos vein (AV). The purpose of this case report was to describe the diagnosis of PSS in a dog classified as porto-azygos. This diagnosis is considered uncommon compared to other portosystemic shunts using ultrasonography and portography. The subject was a male dog, Yorkshire, 8 months old, presented neurological signs characterized by head press, ataxia, tremors and episodes of temporary blindness and deafness. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a dilated and curved anomalous vessel with approximately 0.6cm of diameter and turbulent flow seen through pulsed and color Doppler, and segmental dilation of the azygos vein. The portography revealed enhancement by iodinated contrast in the jejunal vein, the portal vein and an anomalous vessel flowing towards the azygos vein in the craniodorsal region of the abdomen. The PSS was surgically corrected with an ameroid constrictor. Ultrasonography and portography were effective at detecting and characterizing the portoazygos shunt despite some limitations.

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