Cytotoxicity and Oral Acute Toxicity Studies of b-mangostin Isolated from Cratoxylum arborescens

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvitha Syam ◽  
Ahmad Bustamam ◽  
Rasedee Abdullah ◽  
Mohamed Aspollah Sukari ◽  
Najihah Mohd Hashim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity of Leaf Extracts of Enydra fluctuans Lour in Zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton)

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobi Xavier ◽  
Kshetrimayum Kripasana
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

The present study was focused on the concentration-dependent changes in oral acute toxicity of leaf extracts of E. fluctuans in zebrafish. The study was also aimed at the details of histopathological changes in the gill, liver, brain, and intestine of zebrafish exposed to the leaf extracts of the plant E. fluctuans. Enydra fluctuans Lour is an edible semiaquatic herbaceous plant used widely for the alleviation of the different diseases. Since there were no toxicity studies conducted on this plant, the present study was an attempt to look into the elements of toxicity of the plants. Two types of experiments are conducted in the present study. First, the acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per the OECD guidelines 203. Second, histopathological changes were observed in the fishes exposed to the lethal concentrations of plant extract. The oral acute toxicity studies conducted on Zebrafish have revealed that the leave extracts of E. fluctuans were toxic to the tested fish at the concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight. The histopathological studies conducted on the intestine of treated fishes showed that treatment has induced rupturing of the villi structure and fusion of villi the membrane and detachment of the villi structure from the basal membrane of the intestine. The histology of the liver also showed severe vacuolization in the cells while it is not affected in control. The studies on gills showed the detachment of the basal epithelial membrane in the gills compared to control which might have led to death of the fish. The histopathological observations of brain tissues treated with test samples also revealed the marked impingement in the brain parenchyma while the control is normal without impingement of the brain.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity and Oral Acute Toxicity Studies of Lantana camara Leaf Extract

Molecules ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 3663-3674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badakhshan Mahdi Pour ◽  
Lachimanan Yoga Latha ◽  
Sreenivasan Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

scholarly journals Acute toxicity of Leaf extracts of Enydra fluctuans Lour in Zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobi Xavier ◽  
Kshetrimayum Kripasana
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

AbstractThe present study was focused on the concentration dependent changes in oral acute toxicity of leaf extracts of E. fluctuans in zebrafish. The study was also aimed at the details of histopathological changes in gill, liver, brain and intestine of zebrafish exposed to the leaf extracts of the plant E. fluctuans. Enydra fluctuans Lour is an edible semi-aquatic herbaceous plant used widely for the alleviation of the different diseases. Since there were no toxicity studies conducted on this plant the present study was an attempt to look into the elements of toxicity of the plants. Two types of experiments are conducted in the present study. First, the acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per the OECD guidelines 203. Second, histopathological changes were observed in the fishes exposed to the lethal concentrations of plant extract. The oral acute toxicity studies conducted on Zebrafish have revealed that the leave extracts of E. fluctuans were toxic to the tested fish at the concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight. The histopathological studies conducted on intestine of treated fishes showed that treatment has induced rupturing of villi structure and fusion of villi membrane and detachment of villi structure from basal membrane of intestine. The histology of the liver also showed severe vacuolization in the cells while it is not affected in control. The studies on gills showed the detachment of basal epithelial membrane in gills compared to control which might have led to death of the fish. The histopathological observations of brain tissues treated with test samples also revealed the marked impingement in brain parenchyma while the control is normal without impingement of brain.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity and Oral Acute Toxicity Studies of Litsea glutinosa C. B (ROB) Stem Bark Ethanol Extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-886
Author(s):  
Arunodaya Hosahalli Sumithregowda ◽  
Krishna Venkatarangaiah ◽  
Kumaraswamy Malleshappa Honnenahally ◽  
Vinaykumar Nagenahalli Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Litsea Glutinosa ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

Prediction of Oral Acute Toxicity of Organophosphates Using QSAR Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Kianpour ◽  
Esmat Mohammadinasab ◽  
Tahereh Momeni Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Qsar Models ◽  
Ann Models ◽  
Similar Class ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

: The aim of the present study was to develop quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models, based on molecular descriptors to predict the oral acute toxicity (LD50) of organophosphate compounds. The QSAR models based on genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) methods were proposed. The prediction experiment showed that the BP-ANN method was a reliable model for screening molecular descriptors, and molecular descriptors obtained by BP-ANN models could well characterize the molecular structure of each compound. It was indicated that among molecular descriptors to predict the LD50 (mgkg-1) of organophosphates, ALOGP2, RDF030u, RDF065p and GATS5m descriptors have more importance than the other descriptors. Also BP-ANN approach with the values of root mean square error (RMSE= 0.00168), square correlation coefficient (R2= 0.9999) and absolute average deviation (AAD=0.6981631) gave the best outcome, and the model predictions were in good agreement with experimental data. The proposed model may be useful for predicting LD50 (mgkg-1) of new compounds of similar class.

Acute and subacute toxicity assessment of Madhulai Manappagu (Siddha herbal syrup formulation) in animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Sundaram Malayappan ◽  
Gayathri Natarajan ◽  
Logamanian Mockaiyathevar ◽  
Meenakumari Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Gross Pathology ◽  
Toxicity Studies

Abstract Objectives Madhulai Manappagu – a well-known sastric and widely prescribed Siddha herbal syrup formulation indicated for treating Veluppu Noi (Anaemia especially Iron deficiency Anaemia) has been in day today practice in Tamil Nadu for a quite longer decades. The syrup is a herbal preparation which has a sweet pleasant odour and a palatable taste, contain the juice of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) as the main ingredient. Though the formulation is a fruit juice, the safety profile of the syrup is not established and is being marketed without toxicological evaluation. The study is aimed at ascertaining the acute and sub-acute toxicity assessment of Madhulai Manappagu in Wistar Albino rats. Methods The acute and sub-acute (28day repeated oral) toxicity studies were performed as per the guidelines mentioned in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 423 (adopted on December 2001) and TG 407 (adopted on October 2008) with slight modifications respectively. For acute toxicity study, three female rats were randomly selected as control; three female rats were randomly selected and were administered a single dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight per oral route. For sub-acute (28day repeated oral) toxicity studies, three doses of test drug MM of 500 mg/kg/day (low dose), 750 mg/kg/day (intermittent dose) and 1,000 mg/kg/day (high dose) were selected for administration. Both sexes of Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups of 10 animals each (five males, five females). Group I was kept as control group. Group II, III and IV served as low, intermittent and high doses of MM respectively. Animals were observed for mortality, morbidity, body weight changes, feed and water intake. Haematology, clinical biochemistry, electrolytes, gross pathology, relative organ weight and histopathological examination were performed. Results In the acute toxicity study, rats showed no toxicological signs on behavior, gross pathology and body weight of rats when treated with a single dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight per oral route. In the subacute (28 days repeated oral) toxicity study, rats have showed no significant changes on behavior, gross pathology, body weight, and hematological and biochemical parameters when treated with Madhulai Manappagu in three different doses. Conclusions The toxicity studies which include both acute and 28 days repeated (subacute) oral toxicity studies, revealed no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of Madhulai Manappagu in animals. Thus the safety of the drug in human usage was ensured.

acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Millicent Umaru ◽  
Kabiru Abubakar ◽  
Gabriel Uyaiabasi ◽  
Giaze Tijjani ◽  
Yusuf Alkali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Study on the Safety of Mineral and Synthetic Oil Added Commonly Used Extreme Pressure Additives

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1386-1389
Author(s):  
Zhuo Jun Chen ◽  
Long Long Feng ◽  
Bao Liang Li ◽  
Jin Jin Yue ◽  
Ying Liang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Stimulation Test ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Synthetic Oil ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

This article use the Sulphide Isobutene (T321), Five Sufides Dialkyl(RC2540) and Star of Phosphorus(P110) as the additives,Neopentyl Polyol Ester(NPE) and mineral oil N32 as base oil. Compound above additives and base oil for the four levels. A sample: adding 4% T321 additive in NPE. B sample: adding 4% T321 additive in N32. C sample: adding 4% RC2540 additive in NPE. D sample: adding RC2540, T321 and P110 additives in NPE (all is mass fraction). The oral acute toxicity test, eye mucous stimulation test, skin hypersensitive test, soaking tail toxicity tests were conducted in above samples. The test results show that. The mineral oil, it’s not only toxic then synthetic oil but also has a poor lubricating ability compare with the same percent additive in synthetic oil. In oral acute toxicity test, eye mucous stimulation test, skin hypersensitive test, soaking tail toxicity tests, Toxic reaction of mineral N32+4%wt Sulphide Isobutene (T321) obviously from other oil samples.

Oral acute toxicity study as well as tissues oxidative stress and histopathological disorders in edible camphor administered rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatobi T. Somade ◽  
Kafilat D. Adeniji ◽  
Abdul-Rahman A. Adesina ◽  
Oluremi J. Olurinde
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity
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