scholarly journals Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive System

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Weiderpass ◽  
France Labrèche
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Female Reproductive System

ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DETECTION OF RECURRENT OVARIAN CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
M. Alisherova ◽  
◽  
M. Ismailova
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Recurrent Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Female Reproductive System

Currently, there are no standard approaches to monitoring patients with ovarian cancer (OC). While the role of ultrasound (US) has been identified in the primary diagnosis of OS, it is still controversial during the subsequent surgical treatment of OC. In world statistics, ovarian cancer is consistently among the four main localizations of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, along with tumors of the breast, body and cervix.

scholarly journals The role of immunotherapy in the management of metastatic/recurrent female reproductive system neoplasms

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
A. A. Rumyantsev ◽  
A. Yu. Anokhin
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Current Evidence Base

In 2019 malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system (ovarian cancer, (OC), endometrial carcinoma (EC) and cervical cancer (CC) were diagnosed in 58 860 patients – 17.6% of all malignant tumors in women in Russia. The morbidity and mortality rates from these neoplasms remain high over the past 10 years. This article provides a detailed review of the current evidence base for  the  use of  various immunotherapeutic agents in  mentioned malignant neoplasms. It has been demonstrated that in  relapsed OC (ROC), the  only proved indication for  immunotherapy is tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI), whereas PD-L1 does not have an independent role in this disease. MSI occurs in approximately 8% of patients with metastatic OC. A significantly higher frequency MSI — up to 25% is detected in metastatic EC. MSI-positive subtype of the disease is characterized by an extremely high sensitivity to immunotherapy - the  rate of  objective response with pembrolizumab exceeds 50%. For  MS-stable  EC, the  combination of  pembrolizumab and lenvatinib is an effective therapeutic option. In  advanced CC, on the other hand, PD-L1 has a predictive role for immunotherapy efficacy — the KEYNOTE-158 study showed that about 15% of  patients with extensively pretreated metastatic PD-L1-positive CC can achieve long-term remission with pembrolizumab compared to 0% in PD-L1 negative tumors. Current evidence shows that PD-L1 expression can be observed in ≥ 30% of patients.

scholarly journals PRIMARY-MULTIPLE MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
S. Kamyshov ◽  
K. Izrailbekova
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
System Review

In the last decade, in the field of oncology, there has been an increasing interest in the study of issues related to the problem of primary multiple malignant tumors (PMMT). Many researchers agree that polyneoplasias are most often found in women, which is associated with an increase in the incidence of hormone-dependent tumors of the reproductive system, which is functionally represented by the mammary glands, uterus and ovaries. The development of comprehensive examination methods, including molecular genetic studies, contributes to the identification of synchronous PMMT of the female reproductive system. In our studies, metachronous tumors prevailed among PMMTs in breast cancer (65.7%). The most common metachronous cancer of the uterine body (37.1% of cases). Determination of the level of specific tumor markers allows you to monitor in advance the development of PMMT in this category of patients. Thus, each of the tumors of the female reproductive system should be considered as an indicator of the risk of the others, which should lead to a state of rapid response to the entire well-functioning system of dispensary registration, observation and use of a full range of special methods of clarifying diagnostics.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF OVARIAN CANCER IN THE STRUCTURE OF PRIMARY MULTIPLE MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CHELYABINSK REGION)

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-744
Author(s):  
Svetlana Bekhtereva ◽  
Yevgeniy Imyanitov ◽  
Andrey Vazhenin ◽  
Alla Domozhirova ◽  
Irina Aksenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Cumulative Survival ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

The problem of primary multiplicity of malignant tumors remains relevant in oncology due to the growing number of patients with polyneoplasia, especially for tumors of the female reproductive system. The analysis of the frequency and combinations of polyneoplasias of the reproductive system in women on the example of primary multiple ovarian cancer according to the data of the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine for 15 years. The calculated indicators of the adjusted cumulative survival of patients with polyneoplasia and solitary ovarian cancer were calculated. The data obtained can be used in clinical practice, as the primary and secondary prevention of cancer in women.

scholarly journals Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Human Reproduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Zhou ◽  
Teng Zhang ◽  
Yikai Lian ◽  
Wenjing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Oviduct Fluid ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are newly identified as cell-to-cell communication mediators that carry and transfer various regulatory molecules. Recent studies have shown that EVs play important roles in normal physiology and pathological conditions of human reproduction. In the female reproductive system, EVs in follicular fluid, oviduct fluid, and uterine luminal fluid are considered as vehicles to regulate follicular development, oocyte maturation and mediate embryo–maternal crosstalk to affect embryo implantation and pregnancy. In the male reproductive system, prostasomes and epididymosomes are involved in regulating sperm maturation, motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, and fertilization. EVs transmitted cargos also play important roles in reproduction-related pathologies, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, pregnancy complications, male infertility, and gynecological malignant tumors. In view of the important roles in the reproductive system, EVs may be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for reproductive abnormalities and related diseases. In this chapter, we sorted EVs in human reproduction through their physical/pathological functions and mechanisms, and listed several EVs as biomarkers and clinical therapeutic applications in the future.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Bariatric Surgeries in Females with Neoplasm of the Reproductive System and Morbid Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
V. Sergeevich Samoilov ◽  
Vadim Viktorovich Popov ◽  
Ivan Petrovich Moshurov ◽  
Alexander Nikolayevich Redkin
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Simultaneous Operations ◽  
First Results ◽  
Perioperative Safety

Introduction. The frequency of occurrence of morbid obesity and neoplasms of the female reproductive system is very high and these conditions aggravate each other. Therefore, it is relevant to simultaneously perform laparoscopic bariatric operations and radical interventions for benign and malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in such cases. The experience of such simultaneous interventions is still small and in the available literature is limited to the description of single cases. The primary issues are the fundamental possibility of combining the two stages in one operation, the technical aspects of such interventions, and the assessment of perioperative safety and immediate results.The aim of the study was to create a technique of simultaneous surgical treatment of the pelvic organs neoplasms and morbid obesity in females, to assess the perioperative safety and immediate results of such simultaneous operations.Methods. The authors present their experience and the first results of simultaneous laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and hysterectomies in 9 women with malignant and benign neoplasms of female genitals, suffering from morbid obesity. A method of simultaneous combined surgical treatment of neoplasms of female genitals and morbid obesity has been developed and described.Results. The proposed technique allowed performing two interventions during one procedure in a minimum time, technically in the simplest way without additional complications and risks. The duration of simultaneous operations averaged 162.7 21.8 min., the average blood loss was 247.6 31.0 ml, the pain syndrome on the first day was moderately expressed, no serious complications were observed.Conclusions. The results obtained demonstrated that the morbidity and perioperative safety of simultaneous operations are comparable to those with separate performance of such operations with certain benefits.

Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive System

2020 ◽  
pp. 439-453
Author(s):  
Elisabete Weiderpass ◽  
Dana Hashim ◽  
France Labrèche
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Female Reproductive System

FEMALE ENDOCRINE CONTROL MECHANISMS DURING THE NEONATAL PERIOD

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-D. Schulz ◽  
H. Haarmann ◽  
A. Harland
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Hypothalamic Region ◽  
Rna And Protein Synthesis ◽  
Physiological Dose

ABSTRACT The present investigation deals with the oestrogen-sensitivity of the female reproductive system during the neonatal period. Newborn female guinea pigs were used as test animals. At different times after a single subcutaneous injection of a physiological dose of 0.1 μg or an unphysiologically high dose of 10 μg 17β-oestradiol/100 g body weight, the RNA- and protein-synthesis was examined in the hypothalamic region, pituitary, cerebral cortex, liver, adrenal gland, ovary and uterus. With a physiological dose an increase in organ weight, protein content, RNA-and protein-synthesis was found only in the uterus. These alterations turned out to be dose-dependent. In addition to the findings in the uterus an inhibition of the aminoacid incorporation rate occurred in the liver following the injection of the high oestradiol dose. As early as 1 hour after the administration of 0.1 μg 17β-oestradiol an almost 100% increase in uterine protein synthesis was detectable. This result demonstrates a high oestrogen-sensitivity of this organ during the neonatal period. All the other organs of the female reproductive system such as the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary did not show any oestrogen response. Therefore the functional immaturity of the uterus during post partem life is not the result of a deficient hormone sensitivity but is correlated with the absence of a sufficient hormonal stimulus at this time. The investigation on the effects of actinomycin resulted in different reactions in the uterus and liver. In contrast to the liver a paradoxical actinomycin effect was found in the uterus after treatment with actinomycin alone. This effect is characterized by a small inhibition of RNA-synthesis and a 50% increase in protein synthesis. The treatment of the newborn test animals with actinomycin and 17β-oestradiol together abolished the oestrogen-induced stimulation of the uterine RNA-and protein-synthesis. Consequently, the effect of oestrogens during the neonatal period is also connected with the formation of new proteins via an increased DNA-directed RNA-synthesis.

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