scholarly journals Prolonged survival in a patient with choroidal metastases from urothelial bladder cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty L. Wiltshire ◽  
Norman Laperriere ◽  
Robert G. Bristow
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
New Onset

Choroidal metastases secondary to urothelial carcinoma areextremely rare and are usually associated with an extremely poorprognosis. We present a case of an 88-year-old man with newlydiagnosed urothelial carcinoma of the bladder who presented withacute loss of vision before commencing definitive concurrentchemoradiotherapy to the bladder. Ophthalmological examinationdemonstrated bilateral choroidal metastases. He received palliativeradiotherapy to the orbits and completed his planned radiotherapyto the bladder. He remained disease-free at last follow-up 4 yearsafter the completion of treatment. We review the literature particularlywith regard to diagnosis and management of choroidalmetastases. Choroidal metastases should be considered in a patientwith a history of urothelial cancer presenting with new onset ofeye symptoms.

Treatment of metastatic bladder cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Calabrò ◽  
Cora N. Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Although bladder cancer is considered a chemosensitive malignancy, the prognosis of patients with metastatic disease is poor, with a median survival of approximately 12–14 months in good prognosis patients and with cure in only a minority. The addition of new drugs to the standard cisplatin-based regimens has not improved these outcomes. In this chapter, we highlight the role of chemotherapy and the impact of the new targeted agents in the treatment of metastatic bladder carcinoma. A better understanding of the underlying biology and the molecular patterns of urothelial bladder cancer has led to clinical investigation of several therapeutic targets. To date, these agents have yet to demonstrate an improvement in overall survival. Urothelial cancer is extremely sensitive to checkpoint inhibition with both anti PD-1 and anti PDL1 antibodies. The future seems brighter with the advent of these new therapies.

scholarly journals Vaginal metastasis of bladder urothelial carcinoma: Description of a case and revision of literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo A. Di Franco ◽  
Daniele Porru ◽  
Giovanni Giliberto ◽  
Alessandra Viglio ◽  
Bruno Rovereto
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Vaginal Metastasis ◽  
History Of

Vaginal metastases from urothelial cancer are a rare entity and in literature, few cases are described. We report a case of a 68 year-old woman with history of bladder urothelial carcinoma underwent to radical cystectomy who came in our department after 5 months for pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding. Objective examination revealed an ulcerative, solid vaginal lesion in the upper vaginal wall. We performed a vaginal biopsy that showed urothelial carcinoma compatible with the primitive bladder cancer. The patient underwent to surgery and was sent to oncological evaluation.

scholarly journals Management of the urethra in urothelial bladder cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6-S4) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Androniki Kanaroglou ◽  
Bobby Shayegan
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
Bladder Substitution ◽  
Contemporary Management

The standard of care in the management of invasive urothelialcancer of the bladder is radical cystectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy.Although uncommon, recurrence of disease in the retainedurethra following cystectomy carries a poor prognosis. The needfor assessment of risk of recurrence is greater now than ever withwider adoption of orthotopic bladder substitution. This reviewwill address the contemporary management of the urethra followingcystectomy for urothelial cancer.

scholarly journals Histologic variants of urothelial bladder cancer and nonurothelial histology in bladder cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6-S4) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venu Chalasani ◽  
Joseph L. Chin ◽  
Jonathan I. Izawa
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Divergent Differentiation ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Bladder cancer can be classified histologically as urothelial ornon-urothelial. Urothelial cancer has a propensity for divergentdifferentiation, which has increasingly been recognized in recentyears due to heightened awareness and improved immunohistochemistrytechniques. Furthermore, the recent World HealthOrganization classification of urothelial cancers improved clarityon this issue, with its listing of 13 histologic variants of urothelialcancer. The divergent differentiation patterns include, amongstothers, squamous, glandular, micropapillary, nested, lymphepithelioma-like, plasmacytoid and sarcomatoid variants of urothelialcancer. Attempts to quantify the amount of divergent differentiationpresent, such as using the nonconventional differentiationnumber, have been made recently, which will improve the abilityto compare publications from different centres. Genetic-basedstudies have indicated that the histologic variants of urothelialcancer arise from a common clonal precursor. Mostly, the currentevidence suggests that urothelial cancer with divergent differentiationhas a worse prognosis when compared with pure urothelialcancer. This article will review the current literature on varianthistologies of urothelial cancer, and well as new developmentsin pure squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinomaof the bladder.

scholarly journals Emergence of undifferentiated urothelial carcinoma after pembrolizumab treatment for patient with invasive urothelial bladder cancer: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2093269
Author(s):  
Moto Hasegawa ◽  
Go Hasegawa ◽  
Yohei Ikeda ◽  
Noboru Hara ◽  
Tsutomu Nishiyama
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Small Tumor ◽  
Anticancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Urothelial Bladder

An 83-year-old man received pembrolizumab treatment after anticancer chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin for advanced bladder cancer. Pathological findings revealed invasive urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation before treatment. After seven courses of pembrolizumab treatment, the tumor disappeared. After 15 courses of the treatment, the tumor regrew. Pathological findings revealed invasive undifferentiated urothelial carcinoma consisting of relatively small tumor cells of the same size as lymphocytes, negative for neuroendocrine markers. Programmed death-ligand 1 expressions in tumor tissue changed from positive before treatment to negative after pembrolizumab treatment.

scholarly journals Pathologic Response Rates of Gemcitabine/Cisplatin versus Methotrexate/Vinblastine/Adriamycin/Cisplatin Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle Invasive Urothelial Bladder Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin C. Lee ◽  
William Harris ◽  
Heather H. Cheng ◽  
Jaideep Shenoi ◽  
Song Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Pathologic Response ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
Alternative Regimen

Objectives. To compare pathologic outcomes after treatment with gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) versus methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, and cisplatin (MVAC) in the neoadjuvant setting.Methods. Data was retrospectively collected on 178 patients with T2-T4 bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy between 2003 and 2011. Outcomes of interest included those with complete response (pT0) and any response (≤pT1). Odds ratios were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.Results. Compared to those who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, there were more patients with complete response (28% versus 9%, OR 3.11 (95% CI: 1.45–6.64),P=0.03) and any response (52% versus 25%, OR 3.23 (95% CI: 1.21–8.64),P=0.01). Seventy-two patients received GC (n=41) or MVAC (n=31). CR was achieved in 29% and 22% of GC and MVAC patients, respectively (multivariate OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.10–1.58). Any response (≤pT1) was achieved in 56% of GC and 45% of MVAC patients (multivariate OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.12–1.71).Conclusions. We observed similar pathologic response rates for GC and MVAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy in this cohort of patients with muscle invasive urothelial cancer (MIBC). Our findings support the use of GC as an alternative regimen in the neoadjuvant setting.

scholarly journals Unexpected Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma in a Young Adult-Case Report with Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Hamdy Aboutaleb ◽  
Hamdy Aboutaleb
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Background: Bladder cancer is the third most common malignancy in adults, accounting for 2.1% of all cancer-related deaths. Its highest incidence is in the 6th decade of life. Urothelial bladder cancer is rare in children and adolescents, presenting in only 0.003% of the population under 20 years of age. The aim of the paper is to report a rare case of bladder urothelial carcinoma in a young girl aged 27 years. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 27-year-old girl who presented with painless gross hematuria. She had a history of heavy smoking and recurrent cystitis. CT-KUB revealed polypoidal tumor in right lateral wall of the urinary bladder. Transurethral resection of the tumor was performed for complete removal of the tumor. Follow-up revealed no recurrence for two years. Conclusion: Urothelial bladder carcinoma should be excluded in children and young adults when they present with painless hematuria. Although this presentation is rare, its prognosis is good.

scholarly journals Prognostic Impact of Canonical TGF-β Signaling in Urothelial Bladder Cancer

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stojnev ◽  
Krstić ◽  
Čukuranović Kokoris ◽  
Conić ◽  
Petković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Urothelial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Smad4 Expression ◽  
Divergent Differentiation ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
Tgf Β1

Background and objectives: Dysregulation of TGF-β signaling plays multiple roles in cancer development and progression. In the canonical TGF-β pathway, TGF-β regulates the expression of hundreds of target genes via interaction with Smads, signal transducers and transcriptional modulators. We evaluated the association of TGF-β1, Smad2, and Smad4, the key components of canonical TGFβ pathway, with clinicopathologic characteristics of urothelial bladder cancer, and assessed their prognostic value in prediction of patients’ outcome. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis of TGF-β1, Smad2, and Smad4 expression was performed on 404 urothelial bladder cancer samples, incorporated in tissue microarrays. Expression status was correlated with clinicopathological and follow-up data. The median follow-up was 61 months. Results: High expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, and Smad4 was detected in 68.1%, 31.7% and 45.2% of the tumors, respectively. TGF-β1 overexpression was significantly associated with high tumor grade, and advanced pathologic stage (p < 0.001, respectively). Conversely, high Smad2 and Smad4 expression was linked to low tumor grade (p = 0,003, p = 0.048, respectively), and low tumor stage (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). Smad2 showed an inverse correlation with variant morphology and divergent differentiation of urothelial tumors (p = 0.014). High TGF-β1 correlated directly, while Smad2 and Smad4 correlated inversely to cancer-specific death (p = 0.043, p = 0.003, and p = 0.022, respectively). There was a strong relationship between Smad2 and Smad4 expression (p < 0.001). Survival analyses showed that high Smad2 and Smad4 expression was associated with longer overall survival (p = 0.003, p = 0.034, respectively), while in multivariate regression analysis TGF-β1 manifested as an independent predictor of poor outcome. Conclusions: Unraveling the complex roles and significance of TGF-β signaling in urothelial bladder cancer might have important implications for therapy of this disease. Assessment of TGF-β pathway status in patients with urothelial bladder cancer may provide useful prognostic information, and identify patients that could have the most benefit from therapy targeting TGF-β signaling cascade.

scholarly journals Plasmacytoid Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder Metastatic to the Stomach: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Nabbout ◽  
James Furr ◽  
Murugan Paari ◽  
Gennady Slobodov
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Delays ◽  
Cancer Of The Bladder ◽  
Histological Variant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Introduction. Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) of the bladder is a rare histological variant of urothelial carcinoma that was recently identified. Available data on this histological variant is limited.Case Report. We report the case of a 75-year-old man with presumed history of high-grade urothelial cancer of the bladder, treated with transurethral resection and Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in 2004. Six years after treatment of the bladder cancer, the patient underwent gastrectomy for an undifferentiated carcinoma of the stomach. On followup, patient developed right ureterohydronephrosis and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Biopsy of the bladder during stent placement revealed a plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Rereadings revealed that the initial bladder and gastric malignancies were also plasmacytoid carcinoma, indicating that, the patient had since 2004, a PUC of the bladder that spread to the stomach and peritoneal cavity.Conclusion. Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is an aggressive variant of urothelial carcinoma. Based on our case and the literature review, this tumor can be misdiagnosed because of its rarity, leading to treatment delays. Both the urologist and the pathologist need to have a high index of suspicion for PUC whenever they encounter unusual clinical and/or pathological findings.

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