Interaction between the Viewer and Object of Minimalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilko Nikolchev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Abstract Art ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Robert Morris ◽  
Richard Serra ◽  
Donald Judd ◽  
Social Messages

With the emergence of abstract art, the process of communication between the work and the viewer changes. The artists take advantage of other means of expression to influence the viewer’s mind. They are of a new nature; they are the carriers of new visual and social messages. The minimalists strive to break down the traditional notions of art and to eliminate the differences between painting and sculpture by focusing on creating three-dimensional objects. The meaning of the object is not essential, but the essence is the interaction of the viewer with the object. There is a new emphasis on the physical space in which the works are located. This is the reason to investigate these processes. The text analyzes the main features of minimalism, distinguishing them from the previous trends in visual arts. The theoretical and practical contributions of some of the founding authors of this movement, such as Frank Stella, Robert Morris, Donald Judd, Dan Flavin, Richard Serra and their signature works characterized by the viewer’s inclusion in the space of the site. Researchers of minimalism, highlighting the research problem, subject of the article, are quoted.

African American Sculpture and Sculptors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Group Empowerment

Beyond monographic texts dedicated to single artists, it is rare to find book-length studies that solely focus African American sculpture—or, sculpture made by African Americans. The reasons for this are many and complex. Although sculpture was a mainstay of 19th-century arts education in Europe and the Americas, in the latter half of the 20th century sculpture was newly questioned as a stable category of production. Between the 18th century and today media-specific practices have been broadly replaced with multimedia ones. This begs the question: what constitutes sculpture in any history or reference text that purports to span a number of centuries? An artist like Renée Green (b. 1959), for example, creates sculpture—discrete, three-dimensional objects—but also multi-part environmental installations, sound works, videos, architecture, and websites, as well as photography and prints. In light of these historical shifts, this bibliography takes a broad view of sculpture, and includes the work of self-described sculptors, such as the 19th-century sculptor Edmonia Lewis, as well as those with pluralistic practices like Green. Similarly, the category of “African American” has come under scrutiny, as the various signifiers of such an identity (for example, phenotype and/or ancestry) shift with broader social, economic, aesthetic, and political systems. Terminology has also changed a great deal since the 18th century—with popular linguistic designations moving from “negro,” to “colored,” to “black,” to “Afro-American,” to “African American,” and back to “black” again. Each contains historical political import, tied to both in-group empowerment and extrinsic, sometimes derogatory, uses. The visual arts are uniquely positioned to approach, understand, question, and challenge these changing social and semiotic conditions, and the anxieties and pleasures of black identification are often registered in nuanced and multifaceted ways within the realm of the visual. It would be a mistake to assume that the term “African American” encompassed the full political force of all artists included here, many of whom experience(d) the reality of intersectional identities and oppressions attached to gender, race, ability, class, and sexuality. For a more complete accounting of the visual arts beyond sculpture, see the separate Oxford Bibliographies in African American Studies article Visual Arts.

scholarly journals USING AUGMENTED REALITY AND HOLOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY IN AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE ON DATA STRUCTURES AND ALGORITHMS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Ivkovic ◽  
Sage Franch
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Data Structures ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
First Year ◽  
A Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Data Structures And Algorithms ◽  
Microsoft Hololens

Abstract – Augmented reality (AR) technology facilitates augmentation of current views with digital artifacts, such as information, three-dimensional objects, audio, and video. Mixed reality (MR) represents an enhanced version of AR, where advanced spatial mapping is used to anchor digital artifacts in physical space. Using MR technology, digital artifacts can be more closely integrated into the natural environment, thereby transcending physical limitations and creating enhanced blended learning environments. In this paper, we propose an approach for integration of MR technology into engineering education. Specifically, we propose to integrate Microsoft HoloLens into a first-year course on data structures and algorithms to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. In the pilot study, students were assigned to implement A* algorithm and then given a chance to visualize their implementation using Microsoft HoloLens. The feedback provided by students indicated increased engagement and interest in graph-based path-finding algorithms as well as MR technology.

The visual arts

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-170
Author(s):  
Steven Brown
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Dimensional Reduction ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Specific Process ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
Static Nature ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

The visual arts, as compared to the performing arts, are defined by their static nature as fixed objects. However, visual art objects often have a ‘dual static/dynamic’ nature that allows them to convey a sense of both motion and emotion, especially when they depict human models. As a result, such objects appear to viewers as frozen snapshots of ongoing actions or gestures. The most art-specific process for the visual arts is the production of two-dimensional images. Compared with the production of three-dimensional objects, two-dimensional images require a dimensional reduction in order to create a flattened representation of a scene on a surface. Drawing is thus the ultimate visual arts activity.

scholarly journals SIMBOL DAN ORNAMEN-SIMBOLIS PADA ARSITEKTUR GEREJA KATOLIK REGINA CAELI DI PERUMAHAN PANTAI INDAH KAPUK-JAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Christophori Lake
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Church Architecture ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Church Building ◽  
The Church

The Catholic Church building always displays symbols and ornaments as an expression of religious (sacred) faith and atmosphere. Symbols in the form of two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects arranged and beautified the church as well as religious significance. Symbols and ornaments are placed inside the church (interior) and outside the church (exterior), function to support the atmosphere of the church visually and help appreciate aesthetic, psychological and religious faith. Regina Caeli Catholic Church in Pantai Indah Kapuk Jakarta is a Catholic church that is characterized by modern architecture and features symbols and ornaments on the interior and exterior of the church. This paper describes the existence of symbols and ornaments -symbols in the church associated with obedience to the principles of modern architecture that underlies the design of the church. The research problem is how the existence of symbolic symbols and ornaments in the Regina Caeli Catholic Church, which are modern-minimalist architecture? The study was carried out by analyzing secondary data (photos and texts) and literature studies, then compared with the basic guidelines of Catholic church architecture and the principles of modern architecture. As a result, Regina Caeli's Catholic Church architecture is a modern architecture with a modern-minimalist expression. The existence of a symbol of the cross marks the existence of a Catholic church visually, the interior ornaments strengthen the uniqueness as a sacred (religious) space. The Regina Caeli Catholic Church has a modern architecture and provides a place for symbolic symbols and ornaments; there is a mixture of modern architecture with church symbolism as a relogious building.

scholarly journals Fast Overlap Detection between Hard-Core Colloidal Cuboids and Spheres. The OCSI Algorithm

Algorithms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Luca Tonti ◽  
Alessandro Patti
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Aggregation Behaviour ◽  
Sphere Radius ◽  
User Friendly

Collision between rigid three-dimensional objects is a very common modelling problem in a wide spectrum of scientific disciplines, including Computer Science and Physics. It spans from realistic animation of polyhedral shapes for computer vision to the description of thermodynamic and dynamic properties in simple and complex fluids. For instance, colloidal particles of especially exotic shapes are commonly modelled as hard-core objects, whose collision test is key to correctly determine their phase and aggregation behaviour. In this work, we propose the Oriented Cuboid Sphere Intersection (OCSI) algorithm to detect collisions between prolate or oblate cuboids and spheres. We investigate OCSI’s performance by bench-marking it against a number of algorithms commonly employed in computer graphics and colloidal science: Quick Rejection First (QRI), Quick Rejection Intertwined (QRF) and a vectorized version of the OBB-sphere collision detection algorithm that explicitly uses SIMD Streaming Extension (SSE) intrinsics, here referred to as SSE-intr. We observed that QRI and QRF significantly depend on the specific cuboid anisotropy and sphere radius, while SSE-intr and OCSI maintain their speed independently of the objects’ geometry. While OCSI and SSE-intr, both based on SIMD parallelization, show excellent and very similar performance, the former provides a more accessible coding and user-friendly implementation as it exploits OpenMP directives for automatic vectorization.

scholarly journals H-plane horn antenna with enhanced directivity using conformal transformation optics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Eskandari ◽  
Juan Luis Albadalejo-Lijarcio ◽  
Oskar Zetterstrom ◽  
Tomáš Tyc ◽  
Oscar Quevedo-Teruel
Keyword(s):  
Conformal Transformation ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Horn Antenna ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Transformation Optics ◽  
Graded Index ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Dielectric Lens

AbstractConformal transformation optics is employed to enhance an H-plane horn’s directivity by designing a graded-index all-dielectric lens. The transformation is applied so that the phase error at the aperture is gradually eliminated inside the lens, leading to a low-profile high-gain lens antenna. The physical space shape is modified such that singular index values are avoided, and the optical path inside the lens is rescaled to eliminate superluminal regions. A prototype of the lens is fabricated using three-dimensional printing. The measurement results show that the realized gain of an H-plane horn antenna can be improved by 1.5–2.4 dB compared to a reference H-plane horn.

scholarly journals The Effect of Material Properties on the Perceived Shape of Three-Dimensional Objects

i-Perception ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 204166952098231
Author(s):  
Masakazu Ohara ◽  
Juno Kim ◽  
Kowa Koida
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Viewing Condition ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Transparent Objects ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Local Root ◽  
Three Dimensional Shape

Perceiving the shape of three-dimensional objects is essential for interacting with them in daily life. If objects are constructed from different materials, can the human visual system accurately estimate their three-dimensional shape? We varied the thickness, motion, opacity, and specularity of globally convex objects rendered in a photorealistic environment. These objects were presented under either dynamic or static viewing condition. Observers rated the overall convexity of these objects along the depth axis. Our results show that observers perceived solid transparent objects as flatter than the same objects rendered with opaque reflectance properties. Regional variation in local root-mean-square image contrast was shown to provide information that is predictive of perceived surface convexity.

Hanging Textiles’ Influence on the Beauty of Indoor Space Decoration

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Liu ◽  
Xin Qun Feng ◽  
Dong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Aesthetic Appeal ◽  
Works Of Art

When room space extends from a simple three-dimensional physical space to a four-dimensional spiritual space, when people begin to rise aesthetic appeal to a higher level and emphasize harmony with the environment, the textile works of art at this time were all considered to play one of the most important evolutional roles. Hanging textiles which featured multi-functional made themselves irreplaceable contents in indoor space. From the application and development view of hanging textiles, the article emphasizes on the decorative function and application strategies to look forward to continuously improvement of hanging textiles’ application and design levels in indoor space.

Effects of prolonged weightlessness on mental rotation of three-dimensional objects

1993 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Matsakis ◽  
M. Lipshits ◽  
V. Gurfinkel ◽  
A. Berthoz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects
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