scholarly journals A PSEUDO-SECULAR SPACE, RELIGIOUS MINORITY AND REASONS FOR EXCLUSION: THE AHMADIYYA MINORITY GROUP IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Max Regus
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Religious Politics ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Specific Circumstance

This paper examines the intersection of religion and politics and its consequences on religious minorities in Indonesia. This paper is based on a case study of the current position of the Ahmadiyya minority group in the Indonesian Islamic majority. The tension arises from a specific circumstance: This large Muslim country uses democracy as a political system, but the involvement of religious politics is evident. This situation directly endangers the presence of the Ahmadiyya group.

The Muslim League in South India since Independence: A Study in Minority Group Political Strategies

1966 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore P. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Difficult Case ◽  
British India ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
Provincial Autonomy

How can a religious minority organize most effectively to protect its interests without weakening the distinction between religion and politics by which advocates of a secular state justify equal treatment for the minority? As in Europe earlier in the century, this problem is again acute in some of the so-called “New Nations” of Asia and Africa where national integration is far from complete and religion is still the primary mode of self-identification among many of its communicants. If a minority faith is geographically concentrated so as to constitute a majority in certain extensive areas, it is likely to seek independence, merger with an adjacent state of the same religion, or at least provincial autonomy if its members believe that their religious identity is threatened by assimilation.Of the great world religions, Islam provides the most difficult case of adjustment to minority status by separation of religion from the state. The leaders of the Muslim minority of British India finally set the objective of separate national independence in 1940 after they had concluded that they could not rely upon constitutional guarantees to safeguard their rights against the Hindu majority. But the creation of Pakistan in 1947 left a substantial though scattered Muslim population of some forty million in the Indian Republic, ten percent of the latter's people. Suspected by many Hindus of further divisive intentions, how was this group to act within the framework of parliamentary and at least ostensibly secular democracy?

scholarly journals COMMUNICATION PATTERNS OF RELIGIOUS MINORITY IN CULTURAL ADAPTATION IN CENTRAL ACEH REGENCY

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Fachrur Rizha ◽  
Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽  
Julia Noviani
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Group Communication ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Ripple Effects ◽  
Cultural Approach

The majority of religious beliefs in Central Aceh Regency are Muslim. Only a few immigrants such as Chinese and Batak ethnic groups who have religion other than Islam. As a minority group, cultural differences, religious symbols and rituals tend to attract attention and sometimes can cause ripple effects that lead to dispute in the community. This study aimed to describe the communication patterns developed by religious minorities in adapting to the culture of indigenous Muslims in Central Aceh Regency. This study used qualitative research with subject representatives of religious organizations, representatives of religious leaders, and people with minority religious backgrounds in Central Aceh Regency. The results showed that religious minorities live side by side with the indigenous Muslim community. Communication patterns built by religious minorities in social interaction are carried out in two models, interpersonal and group communication. In interpersonal communication, religious minorities prioritize a cultural approach, including by using language, culture and customs that are inherent in indigenous Muslims. While, in group communication, religious minorities put forward group representatives in the Forum for Religious Harmony (FKUB) in building harmony and cultural adaptation in order to avoid potential disputes in the future.

scholarly journals Indonesian Muslim Diaspora in Contemporary South Korea: Living as Religious Minority Group in Non-Muslim Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Eka Srimulyani
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The West ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Muslim Minorities

The process of migration and cross border mobility occurs for a number of reason or background such as politics, economics, education and so forth has made a number of Muslim leave their homeland to another countries. Due to this migration, a significant number of Muslims becomes a diasporic communities in other countries and sometimes lives as religious minority group in non-Muslim country. It is reported that  one third of Muslims in the world live as minority in a number of countries both in the West and also in some  Asian countries such as India, Japan, South Korea, etc.  In general,  the existing academic discourse and publication has focused more Muslim in the West, and overlooked the Muslims minority in Eastern countries which is also considered as non-Muslim land such as Japan, South Korea, and such.  This article discusses the Muslim minorities in South Korea, with  a specific focus on Indonesian Muslim as it made up a significant number of Muslim in South Korea recently. Their challenge, balancing their personal identity and loyal citizenship as well as integration issues will also discussed from fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) of minorities (fiqh al-aqaliyyat) point of view.

Islamic and Jewish Religious Feminists Tackle Islamic and Jewish Oral Law: Maintenance and Rebellion of Wives

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-63
Author(s):  
Ruth Roded
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Political System ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Parallel Case ◽  
First Time

Beginning in the early 1970s, Jewish and Muslim feminists, tackled “oral law”—Mishna and Talmud, in Judaism, and the parallel Hadith and Fiqh in Islam, and several analogous methodologies were devised. A parallel case study of maintenance and rebellion of wives —mezonoteha, moredet al ba?ala; nafaqa al-mar?a and nush?z—in classical Jewish and Islamic oral law demonstrates similarities in content and discourse. Differences between the two, however, were found in the application of oral law to daily life, as reflected in “responsa”—piskei halacha and fatwas. In modern times, as the state became more involved in regulating maintenance and disobedience, and Jewish law was backed for the first time in history by a state, state policy and implementation were influenced by the political system and socioeconomic circumstances of the country. Despite their similar origin in oral law, maintenance and rebellion have divergent relevance to modern Jews and Muslims.

Strategies Among Young Jehovah’s Witnesses in Compulsory School in Sweden, Age 13–15, a Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernilla Liedgren ◽  
Lars Andersson
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Jehovah’S Witnesses ◽  
Value System ◽  
Jehovah's Witnesses ◽  
A Value ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Mainstream Culture

This study investigated how young teenagers, as members of a strong religious organization, dealt with the school situation and the encounter with mainstream culture taking place at school during the final years in Swedish primary school (age 13–15 years). The purpose was to explore possible strategies that members of a minority group, in this case the Jehovah’s Witnesses, developed in order to deal with a value system differing from that of the group. We interviewed eleven former members of the Jehovah’s Witnesses about their final years in compulsory Swedish communal school. The ages of the interviewees ranged between 24 and 46 years, and the interviewed group comprised six men and five women. Nine of the eleven interviewees had grown up in the countryside or in villages. All but two were ethnic Swedes. The time that had passed since leaving the movement ranged from quite recently to 20 years ago. The results revealed three strategies; Standing up for Your Beliefs, Escaping, and Living in Two Worlds. The first two strategies are based on a One-World View, and the third strategy, Living in Two Worlds, implies a Two-World View, accepting to a certain extent both the Jehovah’s Witnesses outlook as well as that of ordinary society. The strategy Standing up for Your Beliefs can be described as straightforward, outspoken, and bold; the youngsters did not show any doubts about their belief. The second subgroup showed an unshakeable faith, but suffered psychological stress since their intentions to live according to their belief led to insecurity in terms of how to behave, and also left them quite isolated. These people reported more absence from school. The youngsters using the strategy Living in Two Worlds appeared to possess the ability to sympathize with both world views, and were more adaptable in different situations.

Banking on Failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S Collier
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Tax Systems

This book seeks to explain why and how banks ‘game the system’. More specifically, its objective is to account for why banks are so often involved in cases of misconduct and why those cases often involve the exploitation of tax systems. To do this, a case study is presented in Part I of the book. This case study concerns a highly complex transaction (often referred to as ‘cum-ex’) designed to exploit a flaw at the intersection of the tax system and the financial markets settlements system. It was entered into by a very large number of banks and other financial institutions. A number of factors make the cum-ex transaction remarkable, including the sheer scale of the financial amounts involved, the large number of banks and financial institutions involved, the comprehensive failure of the controls infrastructure in this highly regulated sector, and the fact that authorities across Europe have found it so difficult to deal with the transaction. Part II of the book draws out the wider significance of cum-ex and what it tells us about modern banks and their interactions with tax systems. The account demonstrates why the exploitation of tax systems by banks is practically inevitable due to a variety of systemic features of the financial markets and of tax systems themselves. A number of possible responses to the current position are suggested in the final chapter.

The Effects of Currency Protectionism on the Exports of the Trade Partners - A Composite Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Karakostas
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Currency Competition ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
Quantitative Tool

The competitive exchange rate devaluation (or currency protectionism) is a phenomenon of global political economy, which goes hand in hand with trade activities. The causes, consequences and effects of monetary protectionism for the concerned countries have been thoroughly analyzed on the basis of existing literature. An important element of analysis is the different effects of the implementation of protectionist policy measures on trading partners. An example of currency protectionism nowadays is the currency competition between the US and China. Although the US is the "hegemon" of the modern international economic-political system, China's continuous, upward and rapid economic course has weakened the primacy of the US, with consequences that are perceived in the global economic system. Of course, China has been accused of practices of economic "mercantilism." On the basis of these mercantilist accusations, a kind of war broke out with the US. But the main question is this: how are the exports of trading partners affected by this currency competition? To be able to answer this question more fully, a quantitative tool should be created that can interpret the effects of currency competition on trading partners. This study will try answering this question by using the case study of U.S. - China currency competition. The methodology applied is the creation of a Composite Index.

Religious Minority Rights and their Satisfaction in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Asim Nasar ◽  
Abid Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Muslim Majority

Abstract The study investigates the satisfaction of religious minorities in Pakistan subject to government policies and attitudes of the Muslim majority. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 120 respondents living in rural areas in Pakistan. Descriptive statistics and the Pearson correlation coefficient were used to measure the relatedness of essential factors of freedom of expression, opportunity in government services, security of unprotected assembly, prejudice in relationship with Muslims and welcomeness in Muslim neighbourhoods. Yeh’s Index of Satisfaction was used to measure the satisfaction level of religious minorities with government policies and attitudes of the Muslim majority. The study findings revealed that religious minorities are least satisfied with their citizenship rights in Pakistan, which poses various questions to government policies and legislation. Further, they were also least satisfied with the attitudes of the Muslim majority with whom they must interact in their everyday life.

Politics of memory in Ukraine. A case study on the commemoration of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-276
Author(s):  
Michał Wawrzonek ◽  
Oliwia Kropornicka
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the paper is to scrutinize activities related to the commemoration of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky. There were three main goals of the research. The first one was to identify the most important actors of the commemorative activities. The second goal was to reconstruct the strategies applied by these agents. Thirdly, this research aimed to consider current processes in the Ukrainian political system. In particular, the question was what we can know about the evolution of these commemorative activities after the Euromaidan based on relations between different agents in the mnemonic field. Special emphasis was placed on Sheptytsky’s attitude during the Holocaust and on the impact of this topic on the commemorative activities. As a theoretical framework of the research, Jan Kubik and Michael Bernhard’s theory of the politics of memory was applied. The research enabled verification of some elements of Kubik and Bernhard’s concept. Inter alia it was an issue of a set of presumptions regarding interrelations between strategies applied by mnemonic actors, the structure of mnemonic regime, and prospects for democratization of a political system.

Social Workers from Oppressed Minority Group Treating Majority Group's Clients: A Case Study of Palestinian Social Workers

Social Work ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Kadan ◽  
Dorit Roer-Strier ◽  
Zvi Bekerman
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Minority Group
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