scholarly journals Hegemony, Gender Stereotypes and Disney: A Content Analysis of Frozen and Snow White

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Arnold ◽  
McKenna Seidl ◽  
Ariel Deloney
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Snow White ◽  
Chi Square Test

A content analysis was conducted and focused on the gender roles, gender expectations, and social norms in Disney films. The researchers studied one past Disney film, Snow White and compared it with the most recent Disney film, Frozen to draw distinctions and similarities between them. Through a chi square test of association comparing specific Disney roles of both men and women, minimum differences have been shown between past and recent films. Disney has made changes in their films by removing some overt gender stereotypes from the films; however, they continue to use many of these stereotypical gender expectations. The data suggests that hegemonic principles can be applied to the most recent Disney film Frozen. Disney has hidden traditional gender norms under the guise of being progressive while still utilizing the successful Disney formula of traditional gender roles and expectations.

scholarly journals Gender roles produce divergent economic expectations

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. e2008534118
Author(s):  
Francesco D’Acunto ◽  
Ulrike Malmendier ◽  
Michael Weber
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Expectations Gap ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Frequent Exposure

Expectations about economic variables vary systematically across genders. In the domain of inflation, women have persistently higher expectations than men. We argue that traditional gender roles are a significant factor in generating this gender expectations gap as they expose women and men to different economic signals in their daily lives. Using unique data on the participation of men and women in household grocery chores, their resulting exposure to price signals, and their inflation expectations, we document a tight link between the gender expectations gap and the distribution of grocery shopping duties. Because grocery prices are highly volatile, and consumers focus disproportionally on positive price changes, frequent exposure to grocery prices increases perceptions of current inflation and expectations of future inflation. The gender expectations gap is largest in households whose female heads are solely responsible for grocery shopping, whereas no gap arises in households that split grocery chores equally between men and women. Our results indicate that gender differences in inflation expectations arise due to social conditioning rather than through differences in innate abilities, skills, or preferences.

scholarly journals Students’ Gender-Related Choices and Achievement in Physics

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-95
Author(s):  
Ivana Jugović
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Grades ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Educational Domain

The goal of the research was to explore the role of motivation, gender roles and stereotypes in the explanation of students’ educational outcomes in a stereotypically male educational domain: physics. Eccles and colleagues’ expectancy-value model was used as a theoretical framework for the research. The research sample included 736 grammar school students from Zagreb, Croatia. The variables explored were expectancy of success, selfconcept of ability and subjective task values of physics, gender roles and stereotypes, and educational outcomes: academic achievement in physics, intention to choose physics at the high school leaving exam, and intention to choose a technical sciences university course. The results showed that girls had a lower self-concept of ability and lower expectancies of success in physics compared to boys, in spite of their  higher physics school grades. Hierarchical regression analyses showedthat self-concept of physics ability was the strongest predictor of physics school grades, whereas the utility value of physics was the key predictor of educational intentions for both genders. Expectancy of success was one of the key predictors of girls’ educational intentions, as well. Endorsement of a typically masculine gender role predicted girls’ and boys’ stronger intentions to choose a stereotypically male educational domain, whereas acceptance of the stereotype about the poorer talent of women in technical sciences occupations predicted girls’ lower educational outcomes related to physics. The practical implication of the research is the need to create gender-sensitive intervention programmes aimed at deconstructing the gender stereotypes and traditional gender roles that restrain students from choosing gender-non-stereotypical careers.

scholarly journals Children as active citizens and Egyptian primary schools

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevine Samir Mohamed Ibrahim Abou Donia
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Education System ◽  
Citizenship Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
New Education ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to provide an evaluation of the new education system, based on Life Skills and Citizenship Education (LSCE), in Egyptian primary schools. This study analyzes how effective could be the implementation of LSCE in the process of constructing active democratic citizens, in particular, in the case of Egypt, highlighting problems facing the new education approach. Design/methodology/approach The study methodologies are twofold; the content analysis of the primary one new curriculum “Discover”, to assess the curriculum's strengths and weakness; and the questionnaire to the primary six students, to investigate the relationship among the twelve life skills. Findings Content analysis of the textbook shows that the learning process based on LSCE is appropriate for the construction of active citizens. The textbook provides Egyptian children with the necessary opportunities to learn and create, through creative participatory methods. The relationship between the social dimension and other dimensions has been proven by means of the chi-square test. The relationship between participation and the two approximately absent skills “resilience and empathy” has been clarified as both are strongly interrelated with participation. The results illuminate a strong relationship between participation and the remaining life skills. Research limitations/implications More questionnaires are needed to assess the grade of life skills achievement among students in grade one and two, as it is regarded one of the limitations of the present study, owing to the complicated procedures and the limited time. Practical implications The research suggests the formulation of wider project-based activities to be included in the textbooks of all the primary grades. In this regard, real contribution with NGOs and local governments shall be developed to facilitate the involvement of children in actual projects, in accordance with their ages, and to encourage students to participate, as they notice the efficient results of their contribution. Social implications The research stresses on the importance of enhancing participation, as it is proven through the chi-square test that it is strongly related to other skills. Originality/value The scarcity of analytical studies to evaluate the effectiveness of citizenship education programs on children, after the application of the new Egyptian education system.

scholarly journals VARIASI POLA SIDIK JARI SOROH BRAHMANA SIWA DI BALI

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Bajing Agastya ◽  
I Ketut Junitha ◽  
Ni Nyoman Wirasiti
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTACTResearch was conducted to determine the patterns of Brahmana Shiva fingerprint in Bali. The fingerprint samplesas many as 240 people, which consist of 120 men and 120 women from four generation of Brahmana Shiva in Bali. Thefingerprints were collected using a fingerprint pad then the data were analyzed using Chi–Square test, Student-t test,Dankmerijer index and Furuhata index. The result of fingerprints examination shown that there were four fingerprintspattern i.e. arch (A), loop ulnar (LU), loop radial (LR), and whorl (W) from four sub clan (Brahmana Manuaba, Kemenuh,Keniten, Mas), with different frequencies and anequal distribution from each fingers and both hands. The arch (A) patternin clan Brahmana Manuaba and Kemenuh have the same 0.83 % frequencies, while the frequencies of Keniten 1.17 % andMas 1.67 %. The frequencies of Loop ulnar (LU) pattern from clan Brahmana Mas were 42.66 %, Manuaba 36 %, Keniten39 %, and Kemenuh 34.33 %. The frequency of loop radial (LR) pattern from clan Brahmana Manuaba were 42.17 %,Keniten 41.83 %, Mas 37.83 %, and Kemenuh 29.51 %. The frequencies of whorl (W) pattern from sub clan BrahmanaKemenuh, Manuaba, Keniten, and Mas were 35.33 %, 22 %, 18 %, and 17.83 %, respectively. The result show asignificant differences between sub clan Mas and Kemenuh using Dankmerijer Index (DI). The result show a significantdifferences between sub clan Kemenuh with Mas, Keniten and Manuaba using Furuhata Index (FI). Total Ridge Countbetween men and women of Brahmana Shiva offspring showed unsignificantly diferences at level 5%. However, there wasa significant difference of Total Ridge Count from sub clan Manuaba with Mas, Kemenuh, and Keniten.Keywords : fingerprints, arch, loop, whorl, clan brahmana shiva.

Distribution of UGT1A1 (TA) polymorphisms in Caucasian and Asian subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2063-2063
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
K. Qu ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
A. Sferruzza ◽  
R. A. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Severe Neutropenia ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Uridine Diphosphate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Fluorescent Pcr ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tata Sequence

2063 Background: The hepatic isoform 1A1 of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is responsible for glucuronidation and detoxification of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. The presence of an additional TA repeat in the TATA sequence of the UGT1A1 gene is a common polymorphism, leading to a significant decrease in SN-38 glucuronidation. Patients with the UGT1A1 (TA)7 allele (either [TA]6/7 or [TA]7/7 ) are more likely to experience severe neutropenia and diarrhea following irinotecan chemotherapy. We assessed the distribution of the UGT1A1 (TA) polymorphism in Caucasian and Asian subjects. Methods: We used a fluorescent PCR-based assay to detect UGT1A1 (TA) polymorphisms in 129 healthy subjects (52 Caucasian, 34 Chinese, 36 Filipino, and 7 Japanese). The chi-square test was used to assess between-group differences in the distribution of UGT1A1 (TA) genotypes. Results: UGT1A1 (TA) genotype distribution differed significantly between Caucasian and Asian subjects (P = 0.003). The UGT1A1 (TA)6/7 and (TA)7/7 genotypes were more common in Caucasians than Asians. Genotype distributions did not differ significantly between men and women in either group ( Table ). Conclusions: The frequency of the deleterious UGT1A1 (TA)7 polymorphism was greater in Caucasians than in Asians; genotype frequencies were consistent with previous reports. In both groups, UGT1A1 (TA) genotype distributions were similar in men and women. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Missed Opportunities: Perspectives of Incarcerated Israeli Women and Men on Their Unsuccessful Desistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Gueta ◽  
Gila Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Women Inmates ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Depth Interviews

The current study explores the factors that people incarcerated in Israeli prisons identify as contributing to their unsuccessful desistance. Twenty in-depth interviews were carried out with substance-involved men and women inmates. The findings showed that they faced subjective and sociostructural problems, reflecting interlocking axes of marginalization. However, the men and women constructed their narratives of unsuccessful desistance according to traditional gender roles: The men’s accounts were embedded in key concepts of masculinity such as unemployment, whereas the women’s accounts related to feminine notions such as motherhood. Possible implications for theory and intervention are discussed.

scholarly journals GE Big Boys Appliances: Towards a Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the SNL Fake Commercial

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Karina Clemente-Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Multimodal Discourse Analysis ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
Saturday Night Live

Nowadays, comedy shows like Saturday Night Live (SNL) have become popular and entertain many people around the world. For this study, a fake commercial for GE Big Boys Appliances, aired on YouTube in 2018 is analyzed to explore how discourse is used to represent gender roles and stereotypes. To conduct this multimodal discourse analysis, some elements of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) proposed by Halliday (1978), some notions of critical discourse analysis, and some features of the Machin’s (2010) visual semiotic framework are employed. The findings portray that the sketch shows a change concerning gender roles through time, but it still promotes the transmission of some classical gender stereotypes. Therefore, it is valuable to study comedy sketches to understand how traditional gender roles and stereotypes are still transmitted in social media.

scholarly journals Gender Stereotypes in Teaching Aids on Russian as a Foreign Language for Beginners

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1236-1246
Author(s):  
Natalya S. Artyukhova ◽  
Olga S. Saykina ◽  
Anna A. Solovyeva
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Teaching Aids

The paper brings up the issue of reflecting gender roles in textbooks for international students, investigates which concepts of men and women they can potentially form among foreign students on the basis of these teaching aids. The aim of the present study is to describe the gender roles of men and women in the textbooks of the Russian language for beginners. For that, it was necessary to solve a number of tasks, such as fixing examples of gender-characterized units in teaching aids; creating a system of categories for comparison and comparing the analysis results of all involved textbooks. The following methods of qualitative content analysis, classification method, comparison method were used in the work. Popular textbooks on Russian as a foreign language were taken for the analysis. This study makes it possible to investigate gender roles in Russian culture through the spectacle of the textbooks for foreigners, allowing us to get a new angle on the correlation of gender characteristics. The study can also be used by future textbook authors to further develop textbook characters in terms of their gender roles. The authors of the study conclude that textbook representations convey stereotypic ideas about the roles of men and women, but these images cannot be recognized as corresponding to extra-linguistic reality, which can potentially result in communication failures among foreign students when interacting with Russians.

scholarly journals The Shift in Gender Roles in Amy Tan’s 'The Joy Luck Club' and Khaled Hosseini’s 'The Kite Runner'

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujad Didien Afandi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Female Education ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
The Family ◽  
To Receive

The unfair gender roles under patriarchal system are constructed to preserve gender inequality between men and women. Gender role practices extend gradually to maintain the male hegemony to make women powerless because female traditional gender roles (femininities) create dependency to men. Men are assigned to masculinities equipped with power, whereas women are ascribed to femininities to set boundaries that limit their movement. Yet, the increase of female awareness of gender equality has changed this situation. Gender roles are gradually shifting from traditional to modern as the opportunities to receive education and job open widely to develop women's roles that enable them to give financial contribution to the family. This study was purposed to analyze the shift in gender roles in 'The Joy Luck Club' and 'The Kite Runner'. This study used qualitative design in which Chinese traditional gender roles were described using Confucian perspective, whereas Afghan traditional gender roles were exposed in Islamic perspective. Moreover, Karl Marx's conflict theory was used to analyze the shift in gender roles in both novels. The results of study found that the construction of traditional gender roles in both China and Afghanistan was influenced mostly by patriarchy which perceives men as more superior than women. However, the dynamic changes of gender roles, especially femininities, supported by the increase of female education and occupation provide women with more power to achieve development. Further studies are encouraged to analyze other gender roles which have not discussed in this study.

scholarly journals Analysis of Equity Valuation Models and Target Price Accuracy: An Evidence From Analyst Reports in Indonesia

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402094950
Author(s):  
Budi Frensidy ◽  
Ryan Joshua Pelealu ◽  
Robiyanto Robiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Target Price ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Valuation Model ◽  
Equity Research ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Chi Square Test

This study examines whether investment analysts (sell-side) in Indonesia tend to prefer cash-flow-based valuation models over the accrual-based valuation model, how the accuracy of valuation models are used, and whether the use of both valuation models simultaneously for generating target prices can improve accuracy. The researchers conducted a comprehensive content analysis of 99 equity research reports for most companies listed in the LQ-45 index. The results show that in the accrual-based valuation model, in particular, the ratio of stock price to income (P/E) was the most popular valuation model that appeared in equity reports in all sectors. However, from the perspective of the valuation model as the producer of the target price (dominant valuation), discounted cash flow (DCF) was the most popular valuation model used. It was also found that the cash-flow-based valuation model gave the highest accuracy. In addition, the researchers also found significant results in the Chi-square test which showed the use of both valuation models simultaneously could improve the valuation results more precisely by the analysts. This was in line with the intuition that the accrual concept adds value to the relevance of the information to cash flow.

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