Research progress of transporter proteins and the transport process of active components of Chinese materia medica across the blood brain barrier

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang CHEN ◽  
ZhenYu ZHU ◽  
ZhanYing HONG
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Chinese Materia Medica ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
Transporter Proteins ◽  
Blood Brain

Comparative changes in the blood-brain barrier and cerebral infarction of SHR and WKY rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (5) ◽  
pp. R1881-R1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Hom ◽  
Melissa A. Fleegal ◽  
Richard D. Egleton ◽  
Christopher R. Campos ◽  
Brian T. Hawkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Ion Transporter ◽  
Transporter Proteins ◽  
Wky Rats ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Hypertension Development ◽  
The Brain

Hypertension is involved in the exacerbation of stroke. It is unclear how blood-brain barrier (BBB) tight-junction (TJ) and ion transporter proteins critical for maintaining brain homeostasis contribute to cerebral infarction during hypertension development. In the present study, we investigated cerebral infarct volume following permanent 4-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and characterized the expression of BBB TJ and ion transporter proteins in brain microvessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared with age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at 5 wk (prehypertension), 10 wk (early-stage hypertension), and 15 wk (later-stage hypertension) of age. Hypertensive SHR show increased infarct volume following MCAO compared with WKY control rats. BBB TJ and ion transporter proteins, known to contribute to edema and fluid volume changes in the brain, show differential protein expression patterns during hypertension development. Western blot analysis of TJ protein zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) showed decreased expression, while ion transporter, Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE-1), was markedly increased in hypertensive SHR. Expression of TJ proteins ZO-1, occludin, actin, claudin-5, and Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter remain unaffected in SHR compared with control. Selective inhibition of NHE-1 using dimethylamiloride significantly attenuated ischemia-induced infarct volume in hypertensive SHR following MCAO, suggesting a novel role for NHE-1 in the brain in the regulation of ischemia-induced infarct volume in SHR.

Research progress of mechanisms for tight junction damage on blood–brain barrier inflammation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Qiyang Yin ◽  
Yuxiang Fei ◽  
Jianping Zhu ◽  
Yanying Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Blood Brain

scholarly journals RADT-46. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF RADIOSENSITIZERS FOR MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS: POTENTIAL FOR LEARNING FROM PAST FAILURES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii191-ii191
Author(s):  
Usman Beg ◽  
Brianna Snyder ◽  
Sarosh Madhani ◽  
Nima Hamidi ◽  
Alireza Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Tumor Oxygenation ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Blood Brain

Abstract INTRODUCTION Radiation therapy (RT) is the cornerstone of management of malignant CNS tumors but its efficacy is limited in hypoxic tumors. Although numerous radiosensitizer compounds have been developed to enhance the effect of RT, progress has been stagnant. Through this systematic review of the literature on radiosensitizers for malignant CNS tumors, we have sought to provide an overview of radiosensitizers developed to date, summarize their safety and efficacy, and evaluate areas for possible improvement. METHODS PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched using terminology pertaining to radiosensitizers for brain tumor RT according to PRISMA guidelines. Publications reporting clinical evidence of non-antineoplastic radiosensitizers with RT for malignant CNS tumors were included. Pre-specified variables were extracted. Outcomes of interest were overall survival, progression-free survival, adverse events, and quality-of-life outcomes. RESULTS Forty-eight publications were identified which included 20 unique non-antineoplastic radiosensitizing agents. Only 2/20 agents, fluosol with oxygen, and efaproxiral, showed improvement in outcomes in patients with glioblastoma and brain metastasis, respectively. A larger study was not able to confirm the latter. While molecular similarities between these two agents were not identifiable, the effective mechanism of action allowed them to modulate hypoxia from within blood vessels, without crossing blood-brain barrier. Nine agents required dose modification, change of schedule, or complete discontinuation due to toxicities. CONCLUSION Despite decades of research, progress in the field of radiosensitizers for malignant CNS tumors has been limited. Available data demonstrates the lack of progress in identifying effective radiosensitizers for brain tumors. Of the many non-antineoplastic radiosensitizers that have been tested, only two have showed (limited) efficacy by targeting tumor oxygenation. Alternative strategies such as synthetic drug design, based on a mechanism of action that is independent of crossing the blood-brain barrier, may be necessary. Such studies are currently underway.

scholarly journals Gyógyszertranszporterek szerepe a központi idegrendszerben

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (10) ◽  
pp. 370-378
Author(s):  
Franciska Erdő ◽  
Csilla Temesszentandrási-Ambrus ◽  
Erzsébet Beéry
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Transporter Proteins ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette Transporter ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Solute Carrier Transporters ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
The Brain

Although the presence of blood–brain barrier in the mammalian organisms was discovered in the early 1900s, its precise structure and the drug transporter proteins localized in the blood–brain barrier were identified only in the last decades. Beside the ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins responsible for the protection of the brain, the Solute Carrier transporters play also an important role in the function of the central nervous system by its feeding, energy supply and cleaning function during the metabolism. This review provides an overview on the main types of transporters located in the brain, on their localization in different cell types and the main techniques for their investigation. In the second part of this article various neurodegenerative disorders and the pathology-related transporter proteins are presented. In the light of recent experimental results new therapeutic strategies may come into the focus of research for the treatment of disorders currently without effective therapy. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(10), 370–378.

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