scholarly journals Immune factors and viral interactions in brain cancer etiology and outcomes, The 2016 Brain Tumor Epidemiology Consortium Meeting report

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (09) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Johnson ◽  
Johannes A. Hainfellner ◽  
Ching C. Lau ◽  
Michael E. Scheurer ◽  
Adelheid Woehrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Meeting Report ◽  
Cancer Etiology ◽  
Viral Interactions ◽  
Immune Factors

Brain tumor disparities: From biology to social determinants - The 2019 Brain Tumor Epidemiology Consortium meeting report

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 297-305
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Johnson ◽  
Luc Bauchet ◽  
Johannes A. Hainfellner ◽  
Carol Kruchko ◽  
Michael E. Scheurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Meeting Report

scholarly journals Recognition of brain cancer and cerebrospinal fluid due to the usage of different MRI image by utilizing support vector machine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soobia Saeed ◽  
Afnizanfaizal Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
The Future ◽  
Tumor Region ◽  
The Right

Medicinal images assume an important part in the diagnosis of tumors as well as Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Similarly, MRI could be the cutting-edge regenerative imaging technology that allows for a sectional angle perspective of the body that gives specialists convenience and will inspect the person-concerned. In this paper, the author has attempted the strategy to classify MRI images at the beginning of production to have a tumor or recognition. The study aims to address the aforementioned problems associated with brain cancer with a CSF leak. This research, the author focuses on brain tumor and applies the statistical model for the testing and also discusses the images of a brain tumor. They can judge the tumor region by conducting a comparative image analysis and applying Histogram function afterwards to construct a classifier that could be prepared to predict tumor and non-tumor MRI examinees based on the support vector machine. Our system is capable of detecting the right region that a pathologist also highlights. In the future, this should be more driven with the objective that tumors can be arranged and describe the solution in the medical terms implementation with gives some predictions about the future generated by modified technology. 

Emerging blood–brain-barrier-crossing nanotechnology for brain cancer theranostics

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 2967-3014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Wenpei Fan ◽  
Joseph Lau ◽  
Liming Deng ◽  
Zheyu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Barrier Crossing ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Tumor Delivery ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

The advancements, perspectives, and challenges in blood–brain-barrier (BBB)-crossing nanotechnology for effective brain tumor delivery and highly efficient brain cancer theranostics.

scholarly journals Advance Directives and End-of-Life Care: Knowledge and Preferences Among Brain Cancer Patients in Anhui,China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xin Wang ◽  
Yong Kang Zhang ◽  
Yang Hong ◽  
Ping Zeng ◽  
Zong Tao Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Advance Directives ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical Expenses ◽  
China Mainland

Abstract Background: Advance directives and end-of-life care has not been well acknowledged among tumor patients in China Mainland,especially in brain tumor patients who may have unconsciousness at the early stage of illness.Thus,this study aims to clarify the knowledge and preferences of advance directives and end-of-life care of brain tumor patients and to investigate the predictors of patients’ preferences.Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional survey conducted by a face-to-face interviews. Information on sociodemographic factors, brain tumor diseases, knowledge and preferences of advance decisions, end-of-life care were collected.Results: 88.61% participants had never heard of AD but 65.18% would like to make an AD. Knowledge of AD, receiving the treatment of surgery or radiotherapy, less than 70 years old, male, educational qualification of college or more, without children, medical insurance for non-working or working urban residents, pay their medical expenses by themselves as predictors of preferring to make an AD .79.43% participants would like to discuss end-of-life arrangements with medical staff and 63.29% were willing to receive end-of-life care though it cannot delay death. 65.82% brain tumor patients wanted resuscitation, as high as 45.45% thought they didn’t need life support if they were in a persistent vegetative state. Brain primary tumor, less than 70 years old, male, educational qualification of junior middle school or less, have children, new rural cooperative medical insurance, pay their medical expenses by their children or spouse as predictors of choosing end of life care though it cannot delay death.Conclusions: Advance directives and end-of-life care has not been well acknowledged among brain tumor patients in China Mainland. More efforts should be encouraged in the patients with primary brain tumors, who undergoing surgery and radiotherapy and low socioeconomic status, and an appropriate decision-making timing with a technology-based communication is encouraged in promoting advance directives in Chinese brain tumor patients.Key PointsAdvance directives and end-of-life care has not been systematically applied to Chinese brain cancer patients and the knowledge of advance directives is limited.More efforts should be made for the participants with primary brain tumors, who undergoing surgery and radiotherapy and low socioeconomic status.An appropriate decision-making timing with a technology-based communication is encouraged in promoting advance directives in Chinese brain tumor patients.

scholarly journals Psychometric validity and reliability of the Danish version of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory Brain Tumor Module

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Piil ◽  
Meagan Whisenant ◽  
Tito Mendoza ◽  
Terri Armstrong ◽  
Charles Cleeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Debriefing ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Symptom Inventory ◽  
Md Anderson ◽  
Psychometric Validity

Abstract Background The complexity of disease- and treatment-related symptoms causes profound distress and deterioration of health-related quality of life among patients with brain tumors. Currently, there is no Danish validated disease-specific instrument that focuses solely on measures of both neurologic and cancer-related symptoms of patients with brain tumors. The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory Brain Tumor Module (MDASI-BT) is a validated patient self-report questionnaire that measures symptom prevalence, intensity, and interference with daily life. The aim of the present study was to determine the psychometric validity of the Danish translation of the MDASI-BT, and to test its utility in 3 cohorts of Danish patients across the spectrum of the brain cancer disease and treatment trajectory. Methods A linguistic validation process was conducted. Danish patients with malignant primary brain tumors were included to establish the psychometric validity and reliability of the Danish MDASI-BT. Cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted to support the psychometric properties. Results A total of 120 patients participated in this study. Coefficient αs for the symptom and interference subscales indicate a high level of reliability across all items. Corresponding symptom and interference or functional items and subscales in the MDASI-BT and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor Module BN20 were significantly correlated. Cognitive debriefing provided evidence for content validity and questionnaire utility as participants were comfortable answering the questions and had no problem with the understandability or number of questions asked. Conclusion The MDASI-BT is a simple, concise symptom assessment tool useful for assessing the symptom severity and interference of Danish-speaking patients with brain cancer.

Packaging cordycepin phycocyanin micelles for the inhibition of brain cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (30) ◽  
pp. 6016-6026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyang Zhao ◽  
Liyi Chen ◽  
Wuya Chen ◽  
Zhan Meng ◽  
Kaikai Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
The Brain

A novel small size and electroneutral Phy–Dex–Cord micelles was successfully developed, which can be delivered to tumor cells and inhibit the brain tumor.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life in Lithuanian Brain Tumor Patients Using the EORTC Brain Cancer Module

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adomas Bunevičius ◽  
Šarūnas Tamašauskas ◽  
Arimantas Tamašauskas ◽  
Vytenis Deltuva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background and Objective. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is considered an important outcome measure in neuro-oncology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the brain cancer-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-BN20) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) in Lithuanian brain tumor patients. Material and Methods. One hundred consecutive patients (71% of women; mean age, 58±14 years) admitted for elective brain tumor surgery were evaluated for HRQoL using the QLQ-BN20, QLQ-C30 (a core EORTC questionnaire for cancer patients), and SF-36 scale; for motor dysfunction (clinical examination); for cognitive dysfunction (Mini-Mental State Examination); and for disability (Barthel Index). Results. The QLQ-BN20 subscales had an adequate internal consistency (Cronbach α, 0.75– 0.90). Motor dysfunction on neurological examination was associated with greater motor dysfunction on the QLQ-BN20; greater disability, with greater future uncertainty, motor dysfunction, communication deficits, headaches, seizures, drowsiness, itchy skin, weakness of legs, and poor bladder control on the QLQ-BN20; and cognitive dysfunction, with greater future uncertainty, visual deficits, motor dysfunction, communication deficits, headaches, drowsiness, and weakness of legs symptoms on the QLQ-BN20, suggesting an adequate clinical validity of the QLQ-BN20. A score for motor dysfunction on the QLQ-BN20 correlated with a score for motor dysfunction on the QLQ-C30 and SF-36 scales; a score for headache on the QLQ-BN20, with a score for pain on the QLQ-C30 and SF-36 scales; and a score for drowsiness symptoms on the QLQ-BN20, with a score for fatigue on the QLQ-C30. Conclusions. The Lithuanian version of the EORTC-QLQ-BN20 scale has acceptable psychometric properties and can be reliably used for the assessment of HRQoL in brain tumor patients.

scholarly journals Current Status of Brain Tumor in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Application of Nanobiotechnology for Its Treatment: A Comprehensive Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Afrasim Moin ◽  
Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi ◽  
Talib Hussain ◽  
D. V. Gowda ◽  
Gehad M. Subaiea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Average Survival

Objective: Brain tumors are the most challenging of all tumors and accounts for about 3% of all cancer allied deaths. The aim of the present review is to examine the brain tumor prevalence and treatment modalities available in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It also provides a comprehensive analysis of the application of various nanotechnology-based products for brain cancer treatments along with their prospective future advancements. Methods: A literature review was performed to identify and summarize the current status of brain cancer in Saudi Arabia and the scope of nanobiotechnology in its treatment. Results: Depending upon the study population data analysis, gliomas, astrocytoma, meningioma, and metastatic cancer have a higher incidence rate in Saudi Arabia than in other countries, and are mostly treated in accordance with conventional treatment modalities for brain cancer. Due to the poor prognosis of cancer, it has an average survival rate of 2 years. Conventional therapy includes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and a combination thereof, but these do not control the disease’s recurrence. Among the various nanomaterials discussed, liposomes and polymeric nanoformulations have demonstrated encouraging outcomes for facilitated brain cancer treatment. Conclusions: Nanomaterials possess the capacity to overcome the shortcomings of conventional therapies. Polymer-based nanomaterials have shown encouraging outcomes against brain cancer when amalgamated with other nano-based therapies. Nonetheless, nanomaterials could be devised that possess minimal toxicity towards normal cells or that specifically target tumor cells. In addition, rigorous clinical investigations are warranted to prepare them as an efficient and safe modality for brain cancer therapy.

scholarly journals An Improved Segmentation and Classifier Approach Based on HMM for Brain Cancer Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Sharma ◽  
Munish Rattan
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
Hidden Markov Model ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Dust Detection ◽  
The Brain

Introduction: Brain tumors are fatal diseases that are spread worldwide and affect all types of age groups. Due to its direct impact on the central nervous system, if tumor cells prevail at certain locations in the brain, the overall functionality of the body is disturbed and chances of a person approaching death are high. Tumors can be cancerous or non-cancerous but in many cases, the chances of complete recovery are less and as a result death rate has increased all over the world despite recent advancements in technology, equipment and awareness. So the main concern is to detect brain related diseases at early stages so that they do not spread into vital parts of brain and disrupt body functions. Also, more precise and accurate technologies are required to serve as aid in the diagnosis, treatment and surgery of brain. Aims & Objectives: Therefore, its high alarming time to monitor mortality statistics and develop faster and accurate methods to curb the situation by simulating tissue deformation and locating cancerous nodes which is currently the prominent area of interest. Methods: A brain tumor is used to design the deformation model. Early stage detection of tumors is difficult from images. Moreover, the accuracy involved is low. Keeping all this into consideration, a machine learning approach has been developed for classification of cancerous and non-cancerous tissues so that the tissues having risk of future problem can also be recognized. The patient’s deformation model can be designed and brain tumor patterns are given as input on the basis of which tumor in the brain is marked. The proposed method of segmentation is based on a statistical model called Hidden Markov Model (HMM) which extricates the cancerous portion out of fed input MRI image along with the calculation of parameters such as Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), fault rate dust detection and accuracy. Results &Discussion: The results obtained from parametric analysis show that HMM has performed better than the technique of Support Vector Regression (SVR) for brain cancer segmentation in terms of PSNR, MSE, fault rate dust detection and accuracy. So image processing is used in combination with Hidden Markov Model for classification and analysis to which MRI images are fed as input. Conclusion: In this way, integration of artificial intelligence techniques with image processing can serve as a good way for segmentation of tumors and for classification purposes with good accuracy.

scholarly journals Immunotherapy Targeted at Brain Cancer Stem Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Masahiro Toda
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Target Drug

Progress in stem cell research has been associated with the discovery of the presence of cancer stem cells in a variety of malignant tumors, and because these cells are resistant to anticancer agents and radiotherapy, analysis of their properties has been rapidly pursued as an important target for the treatment of cancers, including malignant brain tumors. Brain cancer stem cells (BCSCs) have been isolated from brain tumor tissue and brain tumor cell lines by using neural stem cell culture methods. Analyzing the properties of BCSCs is extremely important to developing treatment methods that target BCSCs. Although no treatment method targeting BCSCs has yet been established, several methods have been proposed based on their cell-biological characteristics. This article describes therapeutic strategies that target drug-resistance molecules and stem-cell-associated molecules as well as immunotherapy targeted at BCSCs.

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