How America’s Flawed Supplement Law Creates the Mirage of Weight Loss Cures

HPHR Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Herbal Treatment ◽  
Heart Attacks ◽  
Modest Weight Loss ◽  
Diet Pill

Dr. Mehmet Oz, “America’s Doctor,” recently testified before Congress on why he was promoting supplements containing Garcinia cambogia, raspberry ketones, green coffee extract and other unproven ingredients as weight loss miracles. He acknowledged that “sometimes they don’t have the scientific muster to pass as fact.” In fact, there is no legal over-the-counter botanical supplement that has demonstrated clinical efficacy as a diet pill. [The only herbal treatment that can lead to modest weight loss is ephedra combined with caffeine, but this cocktail can also cause strokes, heart attacks and sudden death; hence, ephedra was banned in 2004.]

Modest weight loss in moderately overweight postmenopausal women improves heart rate variability

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Rauhe Mouridsen ◽  
Nathalie Tommerup Bendsen ◽  
Arne Astrup ◽  
Steen Bendix Haugaard ◽  
Zeynep Binici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

Optimal Max Keto Customer Reviews : Is It Worth the Money? (Legit or Scam) v1

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
optimalmaxofficial not provided
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Customer Reviews ◽  
Diet Pill

Optimal Max Keto is a diet pill that supports weight loss, burns fat, and lowers your appetite. Even if you are on the keto diet or not, this product will help enhance performance for an easier time losing pounds of body fat while curbing cravings,

An Analysis for Adulteration and Contamination of Over-the-Counter Weight-Loss Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Hung Boris Wong ◽  
Joanna E. Harnett ◽  
David Clases ◽  
Nial J. Wheate
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Over The Counter

scholarly journals Severe non-exertional rhabdomyolysis from weight loss supplement in sickle cell trait: A perfect storm?

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Titilope Olanipekun ◽  
Valery Effoe ◽  
Ganiat Adeogun ◽  
Agniezka Gaertig ◽  
Myrtle White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Exertional Rhabdomyolysis ◽  
Serum Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
History Of

Exertional rhabdomyolysis from sickle cell trait has been documented. Also, cases of rhabdomyolysis from the use of weight loss supplements in the setting of sickle cell trait and exertion have been described. However, the role of sickle cell trait in non-exertional rhabdomyolysis is not clear. We present a case of severe non-exertional rhabdomyolysis from weight loss supplement in a patient with sickle cell trait.A 45-year-old African American female with sickle cell trait presented to the emergency department with two days history of fatigue and mild breathlessness. She also reported diarrhea and vomiting for five days before presentation. She admitted to taking Garcinia cambogia (a dietary supplement) for weight loss one week prior to the onset of symptoms. She denied alcohol or drug use, rigorous physical activity or trauma.She was dehydrated on examination. Laboratory values revealed markedly elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and creatinine levels. Garcinia cambogia was discontinued and she was hydrated with intravenous fluids. Her CPK and creatinine levels significantly trended down and she was discharged home with no apparent sequelae.Our patient had multiple episodes of diarrhea and vomiting likely from the use of Garcinia cambogia. We believe she suffered non-exertional rhabdomyolysis from dehydration in the setting of sickle cell trait. Though dietary weight loss supplements are marketed as generally safe, this case suggests otherwise. We emphasize that clinicians routinely inquire about use of these supplements and provide appropriate counseling to patients on the adverse effects, especially among those with sickle cell trait.

scholarly journals S90. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR REDUCTION OF WEIGHT GAIN IN PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA: 2019 UPDATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S68-S68
Author(s):  
Sri Mahavir Agarwal ◽  
Nicolette Stogios ◽  
Zohra Ahsan ◽  
Jonathan Lockwood ◽  
Markus Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

Abstract Background Weight gain and obesity are common problems encountered by patients with schizophrenia. This is partially attributable to use of second-generation antipsychotics that are associated with weight gain and other metabolic disturbances. The significance of this prevalence and its impact on premature mortality and morbidity requires better consensus on its management. The objective of this review is to determine the effects of adjunctive pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing weight gain in schizophrenia. Methods We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group’s Trials Register which is based on regular searches of CINAHL, BIOSIS, AMED, EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and registries of clinical trials. Inclusion criteria consisted of all randomized controlled trials examining any adjunctive pharmacological intervention for weight loss in patients with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like illnesses. The primary outcome of each study had to be body weight or a weight related measure. We reliably selected, quality assessed, and extracted data from studies. As endpoint and change data was combined in the analysis, mean differences (MD) of the change from baseline were calculated using Review Manager 5.3. Results Sixty-one randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria for this review (pooled n = 3328). Metformin is effective in bringing about modest weight loss (Weight: MD -3.40 kg, 95% CI -4.63 to -2.16; participants = 731; studies = 12; BMI: MD -1.39, 95% CI -1.94 to -0.85; participants = 879; studies = 13). Heterogeneity was reduced by dividing populations into first episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic populations, where FEP patients appeared to benefit most from early metformin intervention (Weight: MD -5.18 kg, 95% CI -6.22 to -4.14; BMI: MD -1.87 kg/m2, 95% CI -2.19 to -1.56; participants = 214; studies = 3) as compared to chronic patients (Weight: MD -2.22 kg, 95% CI -3.07 to -1.37; participants = 517; studies = 9; BMI: MD -1.18 kg/m2, 95% CI -1.89 to -0.48; participants = 665; studies = 10). However, ethnicity could be a confounder for the apparent effect of illness stage, as all first episode metformin intervention studies were conducted in patients with Chinese ethnicity. Metformin as a treatment for weight gain may be associated with additional adaptive changes in fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance. The frequency of adverse effects did not differ between metformin and placebo groups. Moreover, glucagon-like peptide agonists (GLP-1RAs), such as liraglutide and exenatide, were also effective in reducing weight (Weight: MD -3.95 kg, 95% CI -7.08 to -0.83; participants = 165; studies = 3; BMI -1.26 kg/m2, 95% CI -2.21 to -0.30; participants = 165; studies = 3; waist circumference: MD -3.25, 95% CI -5.93 to -0.57; participants = 165, studies = 3). The frequency of adverse effects did not differ between GLP-1RA and placebo groups. Topiramate 200 mg was also effective for weight reduction (Weight: MD=-6.61 kg, 95% CI -9.62 to -3.61; BMI: MD=-2.72, 95% CI -3.25 to -2.20; participants = 181, studies = 3). Discussion This review highlights the promise of pharmacological interventions for decreasing weight gain associated with antipsychotic use. Of the drugs studied, metformin has the most evidence and was most effective in bringing about modest weight loss. Topiramate and GLP-1RA also have accumulating evidence supporting efficacy in reducing weight. Interpretation for other agents is limited by the small number of studies, sample size, and short study duration. Future studies that are adequately powered, with longer treatment duration, will be needed in evaluating the efficacy and safety of interventions for managing weight gain further.

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