scholarly journals Review: several pharmacological therapies promote modest weight loss

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
K. A Kennel
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

Modest weight loss in moderately overweight postmenopausal women improves heart rate variability

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Rauhe Mouridsen ◽  
Nathalie Tommerup Bendsen ◽  
Arne Astrup ◽  
Steen Bendix Haugaard ◽  
Zeynep Binici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

scholarly journals S90. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR REDUCTION OF WEIGHT GAIN IN PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA: 2019 UPDATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S68-S68
Author(s):  
Sri Mahavir Agarwal ◽  
Nicolette Stogios ◽  
Zohra Ahsan ◽  
Jonathan Lockwood ◽  
Markus Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

Abstract Background Weight gain and obesity are common problems encountered by patients with schizophrenia. This is partially attributable to use of second-generation antipsychotics that are associated with weight gain and other metabolic disturbances. The significance of this prevalence and its impact on premature mortality and morbidity requires better consensus on its management. The objective of this review is to determine the effects of adjunctive pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing weight gain in schizophrenia. Methods We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group’s Trials Register which is based on regular searches of CINAHL, BIOSIS, AMED, EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and registries of clinical trials. Inclusion criteria consisted of all randomized controlled trials examining any adjunctive pharmacological intervention for weight loss in patients with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like illnesses. The primary outcome of each study had to be body weight or a weight related measure. We reliably selected, quality assessed, and extracted data from studies. As endpoint and change data was combined in the analysis, mean differences (MD) of the change from baseline were calculated using Review Manager 5.3. Results Sixty-one randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria for this review (pooled n = 3328). Metformin is effective in bringing about modest weight loss (Weight: MD -3.40 kg, 95% CI -4.63 to -2.16; participants = 731; studies = 12; BMI: MD -1.39, 95% CI -1.94 to -0.85; participants = 879; studies = 13). Heterogeneity was reduced by dividing populations into first episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic populations, where FEP patients appeared to benefit most from early metformin intervention (Weight: MD -5.18 kg, 95% CI -6.22 to -4.14; BMI: MD -1.87 kg/m2, 95% CI -2.19 to -1.56; participants = 214; studies = 3) as compared to chronic patients (Weight: MD -2.22 kg, 95% CI -3.07 to -1.37; participants = 517; studies = 9; BMI: MD -1.18 kg/m2, 95% CI -1.89 to -0.48; participants = 665; studies = 10). However, ethnicity could be a confounder for the apparent effect of illness stage, as all first episode metformin intervention studies were conducted in patients with Chinese ethnicity. Metformin as a treatment for weight gain may be associated with additional adaptive changes in fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance. The frequency of adverse effects did not differ between metformin and placebo groups. Moreover, glucagon-like peptide agonists (GLP-1RAs), such as liraglutide and exenatide, were also effective in reducing weight (Weight: MD -3.95 kg, 95% CI -7.08 to -0.83; participants = 165; studies = 3; BMI -1.26 kg/m2, 95% CI -2.21 to -0.30; participants = 165; studies = 3; waist circumference: MD -3.25, 95% CI -5.93 to -0.57; participants = 165, studies = 3). The frequency of adverse effects did not differ between GLP-1RA and placebo groups. Topiramate 200 mg was also effective for weight reduction (Weight: MD=-6.61 kg, 95% CI -9.62 to -3.61; BMI: MD=-2.72, 95% CI -3.25 to -2.20; participants = 181, studies = 3). Discussion This review highlights the promise of pharmacological interventions for decreasing weight gain associated with antipsychotic use. Of the drugs studied, metformin has the most evidence and was most effective in bringing about modest weight loss. Topiramate and GLP-1RA also have accumulating evidence supporting efficacy in reducing weight. Interpretation for other agents is limited by the small number of studies, sample size, and short study duration. Future studies that are adequately powered, with longer treatment duration, will be needed in evaluating the efficacy and safety of interventions for managing weight gain further.

scholarly journals Benefits of Modest Weight Loss in Improving Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1481-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Wing ◽  
W. Lang ◽  
T. A. Wadden ◽  
M. Safford ◽  
W. C. Knowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

scholarly journals The role of celebrity diets versus medical nutrition therapy in type 2 diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 061-063
Author(s):  
Sandra Scrivens
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Medical Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Modest Weight Loss ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Medical Nutrition

AbstractWith global obesity affecting 475 million people worldwide, the continued popularity of celebrity or fad diets is not surprising. Evidence for their sustainability and long-term positive benefits on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk is, however, limited. Modest weight loss of 5-10% in overweight or obesity is associated with improvements in blood lipids, glycemia, and insulin resistance. As overweight and obesity are the main risk factors for Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), medical nutrition therapy based on a balanced, reduced total energy diet, tailored to the individual, is recommended by the American Diabetes Association, Diabetes UK and transcultural diabetes-specific nutrition algrorithm (tDNA) guidelines.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting and Time-Restricted Feeding Compared to Continuous Energy Restriction for Weight Loss

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey A. Rynders ◽  
Elizabeth A. Thomas ◽  
Adnin Zaman ◽  
Zhaoxing Pan ◽  
Victoria A. Catenacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Continuous Energy ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

The current obesity epidemic is staggering in terms of its magnitude and public health impact. Current guidelines recommend continuous energy restriction (CER) along with a comprehensive lifestyle intervention as the cornerstone of obesity treatment, yet this approach produces modest weight loss on average. Recently, there has been increased interest in identifying alternative dietary weight loss strategies that involve restricting energy intake to certain periods of the day or prolonging the fasting interval between meals (i.e., intermittent energy restriction, IER). These strategies include intermittent fasting (IMF; >60% energy restriction on 2–3 days per week, or on alternate days) and time-restricted feeding (TRF; limiting the daily period of food intake to 8–10 h or less on most days of the week). Here, we summarize the current evidence for IER regimens as treatments for overweight and obesity. Specifically, we review randomized trials of ≥8 weeks in duration performed in adults with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) in which an IER paradigm (IMF or TRF) was compared to CER, with the primary outcome being weight loss. Overall, the available evidence suggests that IER paradigms produce equivalent weight loss when compared to CER, with 9 out of 11 studies reviewed showing no differences between groups in weight or body fat loss.

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