scholarly journals High risk internet behaviors and psychosocial well-being among Greek preadolescents

10.54088/678j ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Siafarika ◽  
Elisabeth Αndrie ◽  
Chara Tzavara ◽  
Athanasios Thirios ◽  
Loretta Thomaidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Well Being

Well-Being in High-Risk Occupations

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare L. Barratt ◽  
Mindy E. Bergman ◽  
Karin Montejo
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Well Being

scholarly journals Polygenic burden has broader impact on health, cognition, and socioeconomic outcomes than most rare and high-risk copy number variants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmo Christian Saarentaus ◽  
Aki Samuli Havulinna ◽  
Nina Mars ◽  
Ari Ahola-Olli ◽  
Tuomo Tapio Johannes Kiiskinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Cognition

AbstractCopy number variants (CNVs) are associated with syndromic and severe neurological and psychiatric disorders (SNPDs), such as intellectual disability, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Although considered high-impact, CNVs are also observed in the general population. This presents a diagnostic challenge in evaluating their clinical significance. To estimate the phenotypic differences between CNV carriers and non-carriers regarding general health and well-being, we compared the impact of SNPD-associated CNVs on health, cognition, and socioeconomic phenotypes to the impact of three genome-wide polygenic risk score (PRS) in two Finnish cohorts (FINRISK, n = 23,053 and NFBC1966, n = 4895). The focus was on CNV carriers and PRS extremes who do not have an SNPD diagnosis. We identified high-risk CNVs (DECIPHER CNVs, risk gene deletions, or large [>1 Mb] CNVs) in 744 study participants (2.66%), 36 (4.8%) of whom had a diagnosed SNPD. In the remaining 708 unaffected carriers, we observed lower educational attainment (EA; OR = 0.77 [95% CI 0.66–0.89]) and lower household income (OR = 0.77 [0.66–0.89]). Income-associated CNVs also lowered household income (OR = 0.50 [0.38–0.66]), and CNVs with medical consequences lowered subjective health (OR = 0.48 [0.32–0.72]). The impact of PRSs was broader. At the lowest extreme of PRS for EA, we observed lower EA (OR = 0.31 [0.26–0.37]), lower-income (OR = 0.66 [0.57–0.77]), lower subjective health (OR = 0.72 [0.61–0.83]), and increased mortality (Cox’s HR = 1.55 [1.21–1.98]). PRS for intelligence had a similar impact, whereas PRS for schizophrenia did not affect these traits. We conclude that the majority of working-age individuals carrying high-risk CNVs without SNPD diagnosis have a modest impact on morbidity and mortality, as well as the limited impact on income and educational attainment, compared to individuals at the extreme end of common genetic variation. Our findings highlight that the contribution of traditional high-risk variants such as CNVs should be analyzed in a broader genetic context, rather than evaluated in isolation.

scholarly journals COVID-19 restrictions and changing sexual behaviours in HIV-negative MSM at high risk of HIV infection in London, UK

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054768
Author(s):  
Iain Hyndman ◽  
Diarmuid Nugent ◽  
Gary George Whitlock ◽  
Alan McOwan ◽  
Nicolò Girometti
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Hiv Negative

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions have affected attendance to and delivery of UK sexual healthcare services (SHS). We surveyed the impact on sexual behaviour of men having sex with men (MSM) to inform future SHS provision.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based survey among HIV-negative MSM at high risk of HIV infection who attended 56 Dean Street, a sexual health and HIV clinic. The survey was conducted over a 7-day period in August 2020. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behaviour and related mental well-being experienced during lockdown (defined as 23 March–30 June 2020) were extracted. Categorical and non-categorical variables were compared according to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use.Results814 MSM completed the questionnaire: 75% were PrEP users; 76% reported they have been sexually active, of which 76% reported sex outside their household. 75% reported fewer partners than prior to lockdown. Isolation/loneliness (48%) and anxiety/stress (27%) triggered sexual activity, and 73% had discussed COVID-19 transmission risks with their sexual partners. While 46% reported no change to emotions ordinarily experienced following sex, 20% reported guilt for breaching COVID-19 restrictions. 76% implemented one or more changes to their sexual behaviour, while 58% applied one or more steps to reduce COVID-19 transmission during sex. 36% accessed SHS and 30% reported difficulties in accessing testing/treatment. Of those who accessed SHS, 28% reported an STI diagnosis. PrEP users reported higher partner number, engagement in ‘chemsex’ and use of SHS than non-PrEP users.ConclusionsCOVID-19 restrictions had a considerable impact on sexual behaviour and mental well-being in our survey respondents. High rates of sexual activity and STI diagnoses were reported during lockdown. Changes to SHS provision for MSM must respond to high rates of psychological and STI-related morbidity and the challenges faced by this population in accessing services.

scholarly journals How has technology been used to deliver cardiac rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic? An international cross-sectional survey of healthcare professionals conducted by the BACPR

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e046051
Author(s):  
Alasdair F O'Doherty ◽  
Helen Humphreys ◽  
Susan Dawkes ◽  
Aynsley Cowie ◽  
Sally Hinton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Risk Patients

ObjectiveTo investigate whether exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation services continued during the COVID-19 pandemic and how technology has been used to deliver home-based cardiac rehabilitation.DesignA mixed methods survey including questions about exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation service provision, programme diversity, patient complexity, technology use, barriers to using technology, and safety.SettingInternational survey of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes.ParticipantsHealthcare professionals working in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes worldwide.Main outcome measuresThe proportion of programmes that continued providing exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation and which technologies had been used to deliver home-based cardiac rehabilitation.ResultsThree hundred and thirty eligible responses were received; 89.7% were from the UK. Approximately half (49.3%) of respondents reported that cardiac rehabilitation programmes were suspended due to COVID-19. Of programmes that continued, 25.8% used technology before the COVID-19 pandemic. Programmes typically started using technology within 19 days of COVID-19 becoming a pandemic. 48.8% did not provide cardiac rehabilitation to high-risk patients, telephone was most commonly used to deliver cardiac rehabilitation, and some centres used sophisticated technology such as teleconferencing.ConclusionsThe rapid adoption of technology into standard practice is promising and may improve access to, and participation in, exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation beyond COVID-19. However, the exclusion of certain patient groups and programme suspension could worsen clinical symptoms and well-being, and increase hospital admissions. Refinement of current practices, with a focus on improving inclusivity and addressing safety concerns around exercise support to high-risk patients, may be needed.

scholarly journals Vaccination of cattle in the system of antiepizootic measures in Buryatia

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
O. B. Badmaeva
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Far East ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Entire Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
The Republic

On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, six nosological forms of infectious diseases have epizootic significance among cattle. The most widespread are leptospirosis, rabies, and isolated cases of pasteurellosis. Natural foci of rabies were formed, confined to the environmental conditions of the neighboring territories of Mongolia and the TRANS-Baikal territory. Epizootic process tends to polyhostal manifestation with the threat of expanding the focus and complicating the epidemic situation in the entire region of Siberia and the Far East. In 2018 169 heads of cattle were identified with a positive reaction to leptospirosis in 13 administrative districts. Preventive immunization of animals with the control of immunity tension in areas with a high risk of introduction of infectious diseases is the basis for maintaining epizootic well-being throughout the region.

Changes in the Antenatal Utilization of High-Risk Obstetric Services and Stillbirth Rate during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan C. Oakes ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Lori Stevenson ◽  
Bree Porcelli ◽  
Ebony B. Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Stillbirth Rate ◽  
Obstetric Services

Objective The primary objective of this study was to evaluate coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic–related changes in the antenatal utilization of high-risk obstetric services. Our secondary objective was to characterize change in stillbirth rate during the pandemic. Study Design This is a retrospective, observational study performed at a single, tertiary care center. Maternal-Fetal Medicine (MFM) visits, ultrasounds, and antenatal tests of fetal well-being during the pandemic epoch (2020), which spans the first 12 weeks of the year to include pandemic onset and implementation of mitigation efforts, were compared with the same epoch of the three preceding years visually and using general linear models to account for week and year effect. An analysis of stillbirth rate comparing the pandemic time period to prepandemic was also performed. Results While there were decreased MFM visits and antenatal tests of fetal well-being during the pandemic epoch compared with prepandemic epochs, only the decrease in MFM visits by year was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The stillbirth rate during the pandemic epoch was not significantly different when compared with the prepandemic period and accounting for both week (p = 0.286) and year (p = 0.643) effect. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a significant decrease in MFM visits, whereas obstetric ultrasounds and antenatal tests of fetal well-being remained unchanged. While we observed no change in the stillbirth rate compared with the prepandemic epoch, our study design and sample size preclude us from making assumptions of association. Our findings may support future work investigating how changes in prenatal care for high-risk obstetric patients influence perinatal outcomes. Key Points

Psychosocial and Behavioral Issues in Stem Cell Transplantation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Unrelated Donor ◽  
Behavioral Issues ◽  
Leukemic Relapse

Stem cell transplantation (SCT) or bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has evolved from a heroic, experimental therapy of last resort to a standard therapy for many high-risk leukemias and the preferred first option after leukemic relapse (Sanders, 1997; Santos, 2000; Treleaven & Barrett, 1998; Wingard, 1997). The indications for SCT have widened to include a number of other malignant disorders, including lymphomas, solid tumors, and even brain tumors, as well as to a growing number of nonmalignant disorders (Meller & Pinkerton, 1998; Santos, 2000; Treleaven & Barrett, 1998). The growth of bone marrow registries that allow for wider use of unrelated donor transplants and developments in stem cell selection techniques that allow for haplotype transplants using mismatched family donors, including parents, have greatly increased the availability of SCT as a viable treatment option for seriously ill children (Mehta & Powles, 2000). At the same time, advances in supportive care have led to improved survival outcomes and thus to a rapidly growing number of long-term survivors of SCT (Santos, 2000; Treleaven & Barrett, 1998). Yet, despite the extraordinary medical and technical advances that have saved the lives of many children, SCT remains a high-risk medical procedure involving a prolonged and physically demanding treatment regimen that can challenge the coping capacities of patients and their families. Psychosocial research in pediatric SCT has progressed more slowly, but available studies indicate that SCT is a stressful experience that can have a negative impact on the social functioning, self-esteem, and general emotional well-being of survivors (Barrera, Pringle, Sumbler, & Saunders, 2000; McConville et al., 1990; Parsons, Barlow, Levy, Supran, & Kaplan, 1999; Phipps, Brenner, et al., 1995; Phipps & Barclay, 1996; Rodrigue, Graham-Pole, Kury, Kubar, & Hoffman, 1995; Stuber, Nader, Yasuda, Pynoos, & Cohen, 1991; Vannatta, Zeller, Noll, & Koontz, 1998). A number of studies have also focused on parental response to SCT (Barrera et al., 2000; Kronenberger et al., 1998; Manne et al., 2001, 2002; Phipps, Dunavant, Lensing, & Rai, 2004; Rodrigue et al., 1996; Streisand, Rodrigue, Houck, Graham-Pole, & Berlant, 2000). Much of the literature to date has focused on long-term outcomes in survivors, particularly neurocognitive and academic outcomes.

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