scholarly journals A Six-Month Study of Pulmonary Cancer in Albanian Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jolanda Nikolla ◽  
Milda Nanushi ◽  
Gentian Vyshka ◽  
Hasan Hafizi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Pulmonary Cancer ◽  
Short Time

Lung cancer is a potentially lethal disease, whose prevalence in Albania is constantly increasing, especially in women. Early diagnosis is extremely important with regard to life expectancy and quality. The authors conducted a survey on the behaviour in a sample group of Albanian women diagnosed with primary and secondary lung cancers. A discussion upon diagnostic methods, smoking habits, histological type, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), and treatment modalities is made. The data collected by the authors suggest that nonsmokers formed the main group of lung cancer female patients. The most frequent histological type was adenocarcinoma. Mesothelioma was the most frequent of the secondary pulmonary lung cancers, followed from metastasizing breast cancer. Despite a generally good performance of the cases, the diagnosis of pulmonary cancer is delayed. The data collected could not find a convincing etiological role of tobacco smoking, but caution is needed, regarding the short time length of the study and the sustained number of participants.

Role of Erlotinib in Influencing the Quality of Life of Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Purohit ◽  
Parijat Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

Background:: Cancer is one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality in patients globally. Lung cancer, among other cancers, remains to be one of the principal causes of deaths in both men and women. The most common type of lung cancer is the non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Apart from lung cancer, pancreatic cancer is also one of the common cancers currently. Objective:: The assessment of QoL in erlotinib-treated patients can also prove to be very useful in the establishment of this drug as the main treatment option for the patients with pancreatic and lung cancer. Methods:: Therapies that target EGFR-mediated signalling are the latest keystones for treating these two types of cancers. They comprise of two main treatment modalities: firstly, against the extracellular fields, that include monoclonal antibodies and secondly, mechanisms that create interferences in the signalling pathways, primarily the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Results:: Quality of life (QoL) is one of the key advantages in erlotinib therapy over chemotherapy. Conclusion:: The present review reports the role of erlotinib in improving the quality of life of cancer patients especially in NSCLC and pancreatic cancers. The studies or trials establishing the relations between erlotinib and QoL are discussed in detail in this review.

scholarly journals Cyberknife® hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (CK-hSRS) as salvage treatment for brain metastases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergej Telentschak ◽  
Daniel Ruess ◽  
Stefan Grau ◽  
Roland Goldbrunner ◽  
Niklas von Spreckelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Salvage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Fractionated Radiotherapy ◽  
Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery

Abstract Purpose The introduction of hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (hSRS) extended the treatment modalities beyond the well-established single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy. Here, we report the efficacy and side effects of hSRS using Cyberknife® (CK-hSRS) for the treatment of patients with critical brain metastases (BM) and a very poor prognosis. We discuss our experience in light of current literature. Methods All patients who underwent CK-hSRS over 3 years were retrospectively included. We applied a surface dose of 27 Gy in 3 fractions. Rates of local control (LC), systemic progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan–Meier method. Treatment-related complications were rated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Results We analyzed 34 patients with 75 BM. 53% of the patients had a large tumor, tumor location was eloquent in 32%, and deep seated in 15%. 36% of tumors were recurrent after previous irradiation. The median Karnofsky Performance Status was 65%. The actuarial rates of LC at 3, 6, and 12 months were 98%, 98%, and 78.6%, respectively. Three, 6, and 12 months PFS was 38%, 32%, and 15%, and OS was 65%, 47%, and 28%, respectively. Median OS was significantly associated with higher KPS, which was the only significant factor for survival. Complications CTCAE grade 1–3 were observed in 12%. Conclusion Our radiation schedule showed a reasonable treatment effectiveness and tolerance. Representing an optimal salvage treatment for critical BM in patients with a very poor prognosis and clinical performance state, CK-hSRS may close the gap between surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, conventional radiotherapy, and palliative care.

scholarly journals The Role of Surgery in Lung Cancer Treatment: Present Indications and Future Perspectives—State of the Art

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3711
Author(s):  
François Montagne ◽  
Florian Guisier ◽  
Nicolas Venissac ◽  
Jean-Marc Baste
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Systemic Therapies

Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are different today, due to the increased use of screening programs and of innovative systemic therapies, leading to the diagnosis of earlier and pre-invasive tumors, and of more advanced and controlled metastatic tumors. Surgery for NSCLC remains the cornerstone treatment when it can be performed. The role of surgery and surgeons has also evolved because surgeons not only perform the initial curative lung cancer resection but they also accompany and follow-up patients from pre-operative rehabilitation, to treatment for recurrences. Surgery is personalized, according to cancer characteristics, including cancer extensions, from pre-invasive and local tumors to locally advanced, metastatic disease, or residual disease after medical treatment, anticipating recurrences, and patients’ characteristics. Surgical management is constantly evolving to offer the best oncologic resection adapted to each NSCLC stage. Today, NSCLC can be considered as a chronic disease and surgery is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of recurrences, and in palliative conditions to relieve dyspnea and improve patients’ comfort.

scholarly journals Targeting HSPA1A in ARID2-deficient lung adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Wang ◽  
Yuetong Wang ◽  
Zhaoyuan Fang ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Malignant Progression ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Integrative Analyses

Abstract Somatic mutations of the chromatin remodeling gene ARID2 are observed in about 7% of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the role of ARID2 in the pathogenesis of LUAD remains largely unknown. Here we find that ARID2 expression is decreased during the malignant progression of both human and mice LUAD. Using two KrasG12D-based genetically engineered murine models (GEMM), we demonstrate that ARID2 knockout significantly promotes lung cancer malignant progression and shortens the overall survival. Consistently, ARID2 knockdown significantly promotes cell proliferation in human and mice lung cancer cells. Through integrative analyses of Chip-Seq and RNA-Seq data, we find that Hspa1a is up-regulated by Arid2 loss. Knockdown of Hspa1a specifically inhibits malignant progression of Arid2-deficient but not Arid2-wt lung cancers in both cell lines as well as animal models. Treatment with Hspa1a inhibitor could significantly inhibit the malignant progression of lung cancer with Arid2 deficiency. Together, our findings establish ARID2 as an important tumor suppressor in LUAD with novel mechanistic insights, and further identify HSPA1A as a potential therapeutic target in ARID2-deficient LUAD.

DO PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES SERVE AS DIAGNOSTIC OR PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS FOR TUMOR TYPE, STAGE, SIZE, STANDARDIZED UPTAKE VALUE, AND LYMPHOVASCULAR INVASION IN LUNG CANCER?

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Nilgün Kanlıoğlu Kuman ◽  
Leyla Didem Kozacı ◽  
Serdar Şen ◽  
Ekrem Şentürk ◽  
Salih Çokpınar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lymphovascular Invasion ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Type Size

Objectives: The number of human studies on the association and clinical signicance of alterations in IL-6, sP-Selectin, TNF-α, BNP-32, or procalcitonin (PCT) in lung cancer is small. We aimed to investigate the alterations of proinammatory cytokines and acute-phase reactants in blood and pleural uid and determine their clinical diagnostic or prognostic signicances regarding tumor type, stage, size, standardized uptake value (SUV), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). Methods: Levels of IL-6, TNF-α, BNP-32, PCT, and sP-selectin were evaluated in blood samples st th st th th obtained preoperatively and postoperatively on 1 , 6 hours and 1 , 4 , and seven days. They also were evaluated in pleural st uid samples obtained postoperatively on 1 hour, and rst and fourth days. These results were analyzed according to the cell type, size, stage, SUV, and LVI of lung cancer. IL-6 values in plasma and pleural uid had Results: various signicant relationships and correlations with histological type, diameter, SUV, stage, and LVI of the tumor. TNF-α values in plasma or pleural uid had signicant relationships with LVI only. PCT values in plasma or pleural uid had signicant relationships with the tumor's diameter, SUV, and LVI. BNP-32 values in plasma or pleural uid had signicant relationships with histological type and SUV of the tumor. sP-Selectin values in plasma or pleural uid had signicant relationships with the stage and SUV of the tumor. We determined various signicant associations and correlations of proinammatory cytokines wi Conclusions: th histological type, size, stage, LVI, and SUV of lung cancer. Studies on this subject would serve to develop diagnostic and prognostic methods in lung cancers.

Lung Cancer After Hodgkin’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study of the Relation to Treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1610-1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Swerdlow ◽  
M. J. Schoemaker ◽  
R. Allerton ◽  
A. Horwich ◽  
J. A. Barber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

PURPOSE: To investigate the causes of the raised risk of lung cancer in patients who have had Hodgkin’s disease, and in particular the relationship to treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted within a cohort of 5,519 patients with Hodgkin’s disease treated in Britain during 1963 through 1993. For 88 cases of lung cancer and 176 matched control subjects, information on treatment and other risk factors was extracted from hospital case-notes, and odds ratios for lung cancer in relation to these factors were calculated. RESULTS: Risk of lung cancer was borderline significantly greater in patients treated with mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) chemotherapy than those who did not receive this treatment (relative risk [RR] = 1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99 to 2.82), and increased with number of cycles of MOPP (P = .07). Exclusion of lung cancers for which histologic confirmation was not available strengthened these associations (RR = 2.41; 95% CI, 1.33 to 4.51; P = .004 for any MOPP and P = .007 for trend with number of cycles of MOPP). Risks were not raised, however, after chlorambucil, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone treatment. There was evidence that the raised risk of lung cancer occurring in relation to radiotherapy was restricted to histologies other than adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that MOPP chemotherapy may lead to elevated risk of lung cancer, at least in certain subgroups of patients. The role of chemotherapy in the etiology of lung cancer after Hodgkin’s disease deserves further investigation.

The Role of Combination Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin and Cisplatin (Cap) Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Rosell Costa ◽  
Alberto Abad-Esteve ◽  
Jordi Roig Cutilles ◽  
Isabel Moreno Solorzano ◽  
Cristina Fernandez Marcial ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Survival Duration ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Thirty-one patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), stage III (T3 N2 M 0-1), were treated with cyclophosphamide (400 mg/m2), adriamycin (40 mg/m2) and cisplatin (60 mg/m2) (CAP) every 4 weeks for 8 cycles. Twenty-six patients were evaluable for response. Patients characteristics included: median age, 63 years; median performance status, 70% (range 60% -100%). One hundred and fifty-five cycles of chemotherapy were administered with a median of 5. There were 9 partial responses and 3 complete remissions, for an overall response rate of 46%. The median survival duration was 9 months, and 29% survived 1 year. CAP combination chemotherapy was well tolerated without nephrotoxicity, which can be imputed to the strong saline hydration given. Seventy percent of the patients did not experience emesis due to the antiemetic regimen used.

scholarly journals Does the Couse of Astragalus-Containing Chinese Herbal Prescriptions and Radiotherapy Benefit to Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailang He ◽  
Xianmei Zhou ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Chinese Herbal

Background.Radiotherapy has been widely used for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while its low efficacy and high toxicity raise big concerns. Astragalus (as a monarch drug)-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions and radiotherapy were frequently coused for NSCLC in China; however, the effects were not systematically analyzed.Objective.To evaluate the benefits of Astragalus-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions combined with radiotherapy for NSCLC.Methods.The randomized controlled trials involving NSCLC treatment with Astragalus-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions combined with radiotherapy were searched. The Review Manager 5.1 software was employed for data analysis. Funnel plot and Egger’s test were applied to evaluate publication bias.Results.29 eligible studies met our criteria. Of the studies, 8, 6, and 4 reported reduced risk of death at one year, two years, and three years, respectively. 26 studies revealed amended tumor response. Six studies showed improved Karnofsky performance status. Among the studies, 14 and 18 displayed a lowered white blood cells (WBC) toxicity and an ameliorated radiation pneumonia, respectively.Conclusion.Couse of Astragalus-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions and radiotherapy may benefit the patients with NSCLC via increasing the therapeutic effectiveness and reducing the toxicity of radiotherapy. To confirm the exact merits, further rigorously designed trials are warranted.

scholarly journals Volumetric modulated arc radiosurgery for brain metastases from breast cancer: A single-center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. e2004567
Author(s):  
José Manuel Sánchez-Villalobos ◽  
Alfredo Serna-Berna ◽  
Juan Salinas-Ramos ◽  
Pedro Pablo Escolar-Pérez ◽  
Emma Martínez-Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
Prognostic Assessment ◽  
Whole Brain Radiation

Background: Whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) are two treatment modalities commonly utilized to treat brain metastases (BMs). Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyze retrospectively the local control and survival of patients with BMs of breast cancer (BC) treated via radiosurgery using Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT-RS). Methods: 18 patients with 41 BMs of BC and treated by VMAT-RS were studied. They were classified according to the molecular subtype of BC and the modified breast graded prognostic assessment -GPA- index. Patients presented 1-4 BMs, which were treated with 5 non-coplanar VMAT arcs. The spatial distribution of BMs, the influence of receptor status on the location of the lesions and survival assessed via the Kaplan-Meier model were analyzed. Results: The median survival time (MST) was 19.7 months. Statistically significant differences were determined in the MST according to the Karnofsky performance status (p= 0.02) and the HER2 status (p= 0.004), being more prolonged in the HER2+ patients. Finally, our results showed that the cerebellum is the predominant site of breast cancer BMs, and also suggested that HER2+BMs had a predilection for some structures of the posterior circulation, such as the cerebellum, brainstem and occipital lobes (p= 0.048). Conclusions: The VMAT-RS is a technique with an overall survival compared to other radiosurgery techniques. The baseline situation at the time of treatment, the modified breast-GPA and the molecular subtypes are factors that significantly influence patient survival.

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