scholarly journals The Microbiology of Tonsils in Khamis Civil Hospital, Saudi Arabia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Al Ahmary ◽  
Ali S. Al Mastour ◽  
Wagih M. Ghnnam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Civil Hospital ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Group B ◽  
Common Infection ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Objectives. Tonsillitis is a common infection in all age groups, especially under the age of five. Organisms causing this condition vary from place to place. Our aim is to find out the main causative agents of this condition in our hospital. Patients and Methods. Fifty-two consenting patients who needed tonsillectomy in Khamis civil hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between September 2006 and April 2007, were enrolled for the study. Swabs were taken from their inner surfaces and cultured for anaerobes and aerobes according to standard microbiological techniques. Results. Fifty-two patients, consisting of 30 males and 22 females were enrolled. Their mean age was 9.81±6.47. Nearly 65% of patients had positive cultures while 35% were negative. The commonest bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (44.1%); and Group B Streptococcus (35.3 %). Two Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae, (8.82%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.94 %), were also isolated. No anaerobe was isolated. Conclusion. Gram-positive cocci, consisting of Staphylococcus aureus and Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae), are the major causes of tonsillitis requiring surgery in our hospital. Antibiotic treatment of this condition should be directed largely against these organisms.

Assessment of the Multifactorial Effect on Antimicrobial Sensitivity in Positive Staphylococcus Aureus Clinical Isolates from Assir Region, Saudi Arabia

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar M Abdalla ◽  
Waleed O Haimour ◽  
Amani A Osman ◽  
Hassan Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity

General objectives: This study aimed at assessment of factors affecting antimicrobial sensitivity in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from Assir region, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: In this study, eighty one patients presented with Staph. aureus infections either nosocomial or community acquired infections were involved by collecting nasal swabs from them at Aseer Central Hospital General Lab. These patients were from all age groups and from males and females during the period of Jan 2011- Jun 2011. These samples were undergone variable laboratory procedures mainly; bactech, culture media, antibiotics sensitivity test using diffusion disc test (MIC) and molecular (PCR) for detection of mec A gene. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded in special formats and analyzed by statistical computer program (SPSS). Results: Showed that; Descriptive and analytical statistical analysis were performed and final results were plotted in tables. In Staph aureus MecA gene positive cases (50) showed: Oxacillin/ Mithicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Fusidin resistant in diabetic patients were 13, 26.0%, 9, 18% and 7, 14% respectively and in non diabetic patients were 37, 74.0%, 22, 44% and 20, 40% respectively. While no sensitivity in diabetic and non diabetic patients using Oxacillin/ Mithicillin. In Staph aureus MecA gene negative cases (31) showed: Oxacillin/ Mithicillin, sensitivity in diabetic patients (5, 16.1%) and in non diabetic were (26, 83.9%). While no resistant in diabetic and non diabetic patients. In Ciprofloxacin and Fusidin resistant in diabetic patients were 1, 3.2% and 1, 3.2% respectively and in non diabetic patients were 12, 38.7% and 7, 22.6%respectively. Erythromycin in Staph aureus ( MecA gene) positive cases (50) showed: resistant in age (0-15) years were (5, 10%), (16-50) years were (16, 32%) and ( ›50 years) were (12, 24%). Erythromycin in Staph aureus (MecA gene) negative cases (31) showed: resistant in age (0-15) years were (6, 19.3%), (16-50) years were (5, 16.1%) and ( ›50 years) were (3, 9.7%). Conclusion: Drugs resistance is a major progressive multifactorial problem facing the treatment of Staph aureus infections. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v13i2.12750 J Medicine 2012; 13 : 152-159

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Two Tertiary-Care Centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq A. Madani ◽  
Nabeela A. Al-Abdullah ◽  
Ali A. Al-Sanousi ◽  
Tawfik M. Ghabrah ◽  
Shadia Z. Afandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

AbstractObjective:To review clinical experience with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in tertiary-care hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Design:Retrospective review for the year 1998.Setting:Two tertiary-care hospitals.Methods:Results of MRSA-positive cultures of clinical specimens obtained as part of investigations for suspected infections were retrieved from the microbiology laboratories' records. Charts of patients were reviewed, with standardized data collection.Results:Of 673 S aureus isolates identified, 222 (33%, or 6.8 isolates/1,000 admissions) were MRSA Overall MRSA prevalence was 2% in 1988. Nosocomial acquisition occurred in 84.2% of cases. All age groups were affected, and 52% of patients had at least one comorbidity. MRSA prevalence was highest in the intensive care units (26.6% of all isolates), the medical wards (24.8%), and the surgical wards (19.8%). Seventy-three percent of isolates caused infection; the rest represented colonization. Surgical wounds (35.2%), the chest (29%), and central venous catheters (13%) were the most common sites of infection. Bacteremia occurred in 15.4% of patients. Local signs (84%) and fever (75.9%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Respiratory distress and septic shock occurred in 30.2% and 13.6% of cases, respectively. Of 162 patients with MRSA infection and 60 patients with MRSA colonization, 95.7% and 70% received antibiotics in the preceding 6 weeks, respectively (P<.0001). The total mortality of patients with MRSA infection was 53.7%: 36.4% as a result of MRSA infection and 17.3% as a result of other causes.Conclusions:The prevalence of MRSA is high and rapidly increasing in the two hospitals, as it is worldwide. Control measures to prevent die spread of MRSA in hospitals should continue, with reinforcement of hygienic precautions and development of policies to restrict the use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1845-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam A Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Susan A Lanham-New ◽  
Jalal A Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveFew data exist looking at vitamin D status and bone health in school-aged boys and girls from Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to determine the extent of poor vitamin D status in school boys and girls aged 6–18 years and to examine if there was any difference in status with age, physical activity and veiling and concomitant effects on bone.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingJeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.SubjectsA total of 150 boys (7–16 years) and 150 girls (6–18 years) from local schools were divided into age categories: 6–9 years (elementary school); 10–12 years (secondary school); 13–14 years (middle years); 15–18 years (high school).ResultsVitamin D status was significantly lower in girls than boys in all age groups (P < 0·01), with the 15–18-year-old girls having the lowest level (22·0 (sd 9·4) nmol/l) in comparison to the 15–18-year-old boys (39·3 (sd 14·0) nmol/l) and the 6–9-year-old girls (41·2 (sd 9·3) nmol/l). Parathyroid hormone status was highest in the 15–18-year-old girls in comparison to boys of the same age. A total of 64 % of 15–18-year-old girls had 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) status <25 nmol/l in comparison to 31 % in the 13–14 years age category, 26 % in the 10–12 years category and 2·5 % in the 6–9 years category. No boys had 25OHD status <25 nmol/l. Fully veiled girls had lower 25OHD status than partly veiled or unveiled girls (P < 0·05). Low 25OHD and high parathyroid hormone was associated with lower bone mass in the 6–9 years and 13–14 years age groups (P < 0·05).ConclusionsThese data suggest significant hypovitaminosis D in older adolescent females, which is a cause for concern given that there is currently no public health policy for vitamin D in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

DETERMINING MIGRAINE WITH AURA TRIGGER FACTORS TOWARD IMPROVING THE PRACTICE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM SAUDI ARABIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (37) ◽  
pp. 270-292
Author(s):  
Foziah Jabbar ALSHAMRANI ◽  
Noor Mohammad ALMOHISH ◽  
Mohammed Faisal ALMUAIGEL ◽  
Narjes Ali ALRAMADHAN ◽  
Maryam Mohammad ALJUMAH
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Trigger Factors ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Primary headache is one of the most common disorders treated in neurology clinics. Globally, it has been estimated that the current prevalence of headache disorder in adults symptomatic, at least once within the last year, is about 50%. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015, migraine was ranked as the third most common cause of disability worldwide. One of the significant migraines is migraine with aura, a frequent headache that occurs after or with sensory disturbances. Aim: This study aimed to identify and compare triggers in previously diagnosed patients with migraine with aura (MwA) to those who have not been identified with migraine with aura before but diagnosed according to a questionnaire survey distributed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: Adults aged 18–50 years were randomly selected in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to participate in this non-interventional, multicentre, cross-sectional study. The study data was collected via an online questionnaire using the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 2018 and the Cleveland Clinic Canada headache questionnaire. Results and Discussion: Of the 4.140 potentially eligible individuals, 302 were not previously diagnosed with migraine with aura but were diagnosed with a questionnaire (Group A), while 71 participants were already diagnosed (MwA) (Group B). A significant relationship was found among MwA and stress and anxiety, sleep disturbance, noisy places, exposure to lots of lights, prolonged computer work, hunger, fasting, studying for exams, and menstruation in Group A. Group B experienced all of the previous triggers in addition to weather changes, certain odors, and the consumption of cheese, bananas, and hotdogs. Conclusions: The trigger factors are common in individuals with MwA. Awareness of these triggers is essential for preventing the severe complications of MwA, hence, enhance the quality of life of patients.

scholarly journals Isolation of Aerobic Bacteria from Surgical Site Infection and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Shahin Ara Begum ◽  
Shabeen Afreen ◽  
Aliya Rashid ◽  
Nasreen Farhana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Background: Surgical site infection is one of the commonest complications after surgical intervention. Source of wound infections may be exogenous or endogenous. Wound swabs culture is the most frequently used method for confirming the diagnosis of surgical site infection. A regular bacteriological review is necessary to identify the causative agents and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the aerobic bacteria from wound swabs culture and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Methodology: A total of 175 wound swabs sample were collected aseptically from surgical site infection during the study period. Standard bacteriological methods were used for isolation and identification of organisms and their susceptibility pattern.Results: A total of 175 wound swab samples were collected from surgery departments. Out of 175 samples 102 (58.28%) were positive by culture. Among the isolated organisms the gram negative bacilli were predominant 67 (65.68%) than the gram positive cocci 35 (34.32%).The most common isolated bacteria were Escherichia.coli 30(29.41%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus 28 (27.45%) Pseudomonous areuginosa 20(29.85%), Acinetobacter spp 08(11.94%), Coaggulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS) 07(6.86%) Klebsiella pneumoniae 05(4.90%), Proteus spp 03(4.45%), and Citobacter spp 01(1.49%). Among the total 175 samples 114(65.14%) were collected from male patients and 61(34.86%) were from female patients. All the isolated gram negative bacilli showed resistant to all antibiotics and all isolated gram positive cocci were resistant to all antibiotics except Linezolid. Among the isolated Staphylococcus aureus 8 (24.85%) were MRSA and one (3.57%) were VRSA. The most effective antibiotics were Amikacin, Meropenem, Imipenem and Tazobactam in this study.Conclusion: Surgical site infections remain the commonest post operative complications after surgery and one of the commonest encountered hospital acquired infections. Therefore, periodic review needs be done to find out the causative agents and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern for better treatment and managementBangladesh Journal of Infectious Disease 2015;2(2):28-32

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from the Isolated Wound Culture in the Northwest Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Al Balawi ◽  
Palanisamy Amirthalingam ◽  
Abdullah Abdul Khalig Alyoussef ◽  
Osama Salih Mohammed ◽  
Hyder Oman Mirghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) in isolated wound cultures of the patients admitted in King Khalid Hospital, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A retrospective cohort study of 54 patients admitted with wound infections in the surgical department. Ethics committee approval was granted by the University of Tabuk and King Khalid Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Fifty-four adult patients (&gt;18 years old) diagnosed with moderate to severe skin and soft tissue infections were included in the study. 26 patients with isolated cultures of MRSA were compared with 28 patients with Methicillin-sensitive <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MSSA) isolated cultures using Graph pad prism 4.0 version statistical databases. Overall, there was no significant difference in sensitivity (P = 0.2445) and resistance (P = 0.4215) between MRSA and MSSA cultures. However, it is interesting findings that Oxacillin and Fusidic acid had higher resistance in MRSA isolated cultures compared MSSA culture, on the other hand, Linezolid, Tigecycline and Nitrofurantoin shows 100% sensitivity in both MRSA and MSSA isolates. No significant difference between male and female regarding the sensitivity (P = 0.0638) and resistance (P = 0.3638). The current study emphasizes that Tigecycline, Nitrofurantoin and Fusidic acid were the best drugs in both MRSA and MSSA isolates. While, oxacillin showed 100% resistance to MRSA; but retain its efficacy on MSSA isolates.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Using Aromatic and Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases in Al-Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Fatimah S. Al- Wuthaynani ◽  
Ahlam O. Al- Salmi ◽  
Amjaad K. Al- Shehri ◽  
Eman H. Al- Talhi ◽  
Salwa F. Farag
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aromatic And Medicinal Plants

Background: In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of herbal drugs to treat Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases (GIT) diseases which widely spread in Saudi Arabia due to their efficacy and minimal side effect. Therefore, it is reasonable and timely to assess the validity of phytotherapeutics products as an adjuvant treatment for GIT problems. Objectives: The current study aims to estimate the frequency of using aromatic and medicinal plants and identify the commonly used plants in the treatment of some GIT diseases in Al-Taif city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(KSA). Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out among 655 citizens and residents of people who live in Al-Taif city from different age groups and educational levels. The data will be collected using the self-questionnaire paper and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The study included 655 participants, (48.7%) of them aged from 20-29, (54.6%) were female and (92.8%) were Saudi. Most of the participants (74.6%) used aromatic and medicinal plants. Plants were effective in treating gastrointestinal diseases (97.3%) of the participants by consulting their friends and family or through social media. Diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, nausea, abdominal bloating and irritable bowel syndrome were the most common gastrointestinal diseases among the population of Al-Taif city. Cinnamon, fennel, senna, and turmeric were the most used plants and had positive results in treatment and minor side effects. Conclusion: This study showed that the use of aromatic and medicinal plants in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases is widespread in Al-Taif city and had a positive effect on the treatment of GIT diseases. The source of information is gained from friends, kindred and social media. Therefore, the media should have a great role in the interest and dissemination of correct and accurate information about medicinal plants.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from the Isolated Wound Culture in the Northwest Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Al Balawi ◽  
Palanisamy Amirthalingam ◽  
Abdullah Abdul Khalig Alyoussef ◽  
Osama Salih Mohammed ◽  
Hyder Oman Mirghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) in isolated wound cultures of the patients admitted in King Khalid Hospital, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A retrospective cohort study of 54 patients admitted with wound infections in the surgical department. Ethics committee approval was granted by the University of Tabuk and King Khalid Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Fifty-four adult patients (&gt;18 years old) diagnosed with moderate to severe skin and soft tissue infections were included in the study. 26 patients with isolated cultures of MRSA were compared with 28 patients with Methicillin-sensitive <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MSSA) isolated cultures using Graph pad prism 4.0 version statistical databases. Overall, there was no significant difference in sensitivity (P = 0.2445) and resistance (P = 0.4215) between MRSA and MSSA cultures. However, it is interesting findings that Oxacillin and Fusidic acid had higher resistance in MRSA isolated cultures compared MSSA culture, on the other hand, Linezolid, Tigecycline and Nitrofurantoin shows 100% sensitivity in both MRSA and MSSA isolates. No significant difference between male and female regarding the sensitivity (P = 0.0638) and resistance (P = 0.3638). The current study emphasizes that Tigecycline, Nitrofurantoin and Fusidic acid were the best drugs in both MRSA and MSSA isolates. While, oxacillin showed 100% resistance to MRSA; but retain its efficacy on MSSA isolates.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Severity of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders among Populations in Najran Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Metaib A Aldhalai ◽  
Yahia AS Alyami ◽  
Yousef MB Al Haider ◽  
Mohammed K Aldhili ◽  
Dhafer AS Alyami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Aim This study assessed the prevalence and severity of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) in the absence or presence of teeth of participants in Najran region in comparison with other adult participants in other regions with respect to gender differences and age. Furthermore, it investigates the frequency of symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by clinical examination. Materials and methods The total number of participants was 318 of both genders randomly selected for this study. The participants were divided into three age groups: 14 to 20, 21 to 40, and ≥41 years. The study was based on Fonseca's Anamnestic Index and its questionnaire, which is composed of 10 questions and classifies the severity of TMD. Clinical examination was performed for the patients to investigate the sign of TMJ dysfunctions. The obtained data were coded and entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program for analysis using Chi-square test at significance level of 5%. Results The participants with mild TMD dysfunction were 35.5%, whereas 18.6 and 3.5% were classified as moderate and severe TMD dysfunction respectively. The most reported TMD problems were related to poor articulation of teeth (23.9 and 25.5%), followed by frequent headache (15.1 and 33.6%), then grinding of teeth (15.4 and 34.9%) in “Yes” and “sometimes” answers respectively. The highest TMJ disorder was a frequent headache at 55.3%, followed by TMJ clicking at 21.1%. The remaining TMJ dysfunctions ranged between 11 and 13%. There was no significant difference between TMDs and gender (p ≤0.306). However, the severity of TMDs increased with increasing age (p ≤0.001) and was associated with tooth loss (p ≤ 0.000). Conclusion The majority of the participants had mild-tomoderate TMDs and they were found among the middle-age group. The severity of TMDs increased with age and was associated with tooth loss. No significant difference between males and females was found. The most reported TMD problems were related to the poor articulation of teeth, frequent headache, and grinding of teeth, while a headache followed by clicking of TMJ was the highest clinical TMJ disorder. How to cite this article Aldhalai MA, Alyami YAS, Al Haider YMB, Aldhili MK, Alyami DAS, Alyami SAS, Al-Moaleem MM, Alghazali N. Prevalence and Severity of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders among Populations in Najran Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. World World J Dent 2017;8(2):90-95.

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