scholarly journals The Influence of Host Plants on Herbivore Community Composition on Brassica Crops in Western Siberia

ISRN Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Shternshis ◽  
I. V. Andreeva ◽  
E. I. Shatalova
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Red Cabbage ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Herbivore Community ◽  
The Common ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
Biological Insect Control

Experiments on three varieties of Brassica oleracea (white cabbage, red cabbage, and cauliflower) were conducted during the years 2008–2011 in Western Siberia (Russia) to study the influence of host plant on herbivore infestation. The results revealed the evidence of different infestation of white cabbage, red cabbage, and cauliflower by the common herbivores in Western Siberia. Flea beetles as the earliest herbivores preferred to infest white cabbage. Contrary to those herbivores, M. brassicae and P. xylostella larvae infested red cabbage most of all. The latest herbivore of all plants studied, P. brassicae, preferred cauliflower but not red cabbage. The possible contribution of some factors in summary effects observed in the study was discussed. Further studies are being planned in which tritrophic interaction including B. oleracea plant, herbivore, and microbial insecticides should be investigated. These studies will help to develop biological insect control on Brassica oleracea crops in order to supply ecologically safe plant protection.

scholarly journals Determination of essential and toxic elements, ascorbic acid content and color of different leaves in two cabbage varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Leahu ◽  
Cristina Ghinea ◽  
Mircea-Adrian Oroian ◽  
Cristina Damian
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Red Cabbage ◽  
A Value ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Essential And Toxic Elements

Abstract The main goal of this paper was to evaluate total macro- and microelement contents of different cabbage leaves of two varieties of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba and Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) and to determine the ascorbic acid content and color parameters (L*, a*, b* and -ΔE). Also, the anthocyanins content of Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra was investigated. The highest mean contribution of elemental interactions regarding total macroelements in white cabbage leaves from inside (14-16 leaf), was observed for calcium and selenium, whereas the lowest was found for heavy metals, nickel, cadmium, and cobalt. The total contents of calcium and selenium in red cabbage leaves from inside (14-16 leaf) were highest. Results showed that the red-purple hue is more pronounced outside of the red cabbage than inside and it was also found that there are losses of yellowish hues for white cabbage from the outer leaves to the inner ones. Regarding the content of anthocyanins, it was obtained a value of 65.124 mg/100 g fresh weigh for outer leaves of red cabbage. Our results indicated that ascorbic acid content of red cabbage is approximately 3 times higher than in the white cabbage.

Genotypic differences in nitrogen efficiency of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 328 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 313-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunda Schulte auf’m Erley ◽  
Elsa Rakhmi Dewi ◽  
Olani Nikus ◽  
Walter J. Horst
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of some Brassica Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Rodica SOARE ◽  
Maria DINU ◽  
Cristina BĂBEANU ◽  
Mihaela POPESCU
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Radical Cation ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Red Cabbage ◽  
Soluble Peroxidase ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

This paper set out to comparatively study five species: white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata alba Alef.), red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra Alef.), Kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. Acephala), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) and broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. cymosa) in order to identify those with high enzymatic and antioxidant activities. The enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and soluble peroxidase (POX) as well as the antioxidant activity against 2.2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation were determined. Total superoxide dismutase activity was measured spectrophotometrically based on inhibition in the photochemical reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium. Total soluble peroxidase was assayed by measuring the increase in A436 due to the guaiacol oxidation and the catalase activity was assayed through the colorimetric method. The capacity of extracts to scavenge the ABTS radical cation was assessed colorimetric using Trolox as a standard. The obtained results show that studied enzymatic activities and the antioxidant activity against ABTS vary depending on the analyzed species. So, among the studied Brassicaceae species, it emphasize red cabbage with the highest enzymatic activity (CAT 22.54 mM H2O2/min/g and POX 187.2 mM ΔA/1min/1g f.w.) and kale with highest antioxidant activity, of 767 μmol TE/100g f.w. The results of this study recommendintroducing the studied varieties in diet due to the rich antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals PHYTONCIDES IN THE COMPOSITION OF COMMON BIRD CHERRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 447 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
P.N. Naguman ◽  
A.A. Zhorabek ◽  
A.S. Amanzholova ◽  
I.V. Kulakov ◽  
A.N. Rakhimbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Prussic Acid ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Everyone knows that forest air is very good for health, and one of the most important reasons for this is the presence of phytoncides in it, which kill or suppress pathogens and have a healing effect. Also, phytoncides are one of the factors of the natural immunity of plants (plants sterilize themselves with the products of their vital activity). Their large number is allocated by plants. One of them is the common bird cherry. Cherry-a representative of the genus of plums of the Rosaceae family. The view includes low trees and shrubs. Cheremukha-forest orderly. Its flowers and leaves are rich in phytoncides, thanks to which they exude an alluring aroma. However, when they break down, they release prussic acid, which is dangerous for all living things. This gave them the opportunity to attract and destroy pests. Phytoncides are volatile biologically active substances formed by plants that kill or inhibit the growth and development of bacteria, microscopic fungi, and protozoa. In addition to all of the above, bird cherry has exceptional properties. The strong, somewhat intoxicating scent of flowers and leaves cleanses the air of germs. Antimicrobial properties of phytoncides have led to a large number of studies on their use in medicine, veterinary medicine, plant protection, storage of fruit and vegetable products, in the food industry and other areas of practice. Almost all parts of the plant have bactericidal, fungicidal and insecticidal properties. In folk medicine, bird cherry has long been used as an astringent, fixing, anti-inflammatory and anti-scurvy agent. Bird cherry produces the most powerful phytoncides containing prussic acid. Protozoa die under the influence of bird cherry phytoncides in 5 minutes. On the basis of numerous studies, the time of death of protozoa after noncontact exposure to phytoncidal plants has been established. Especially a lot of phytoncides are released by young leaves in spring and summer, in autumn phytoncides are released much less. The presence of tannins and essential oil in the fruit has an anti-inflammatory effect, which is used to treat inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and dysentery. The infusion of cherry fruits has a destructive effect on microorganisms. Preparations of the fruits of the common cherry have an antiseptic effect. They are used in dental practice in the treatment of inflammatory processes of the oral mucosa, paradontosis, toothache and hypovitaminosis.

scholarly journals A beta-glucosidase of an insect herbivore determines both toxicity and deterrence of a dandelion defense metabolite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meret Huber ◽  
Thomas Roder ◽  
Sandra Irmisch ◽  
Alexander Riedel ◽  
Saskia Gablenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Melolontha Melolontha ◽  
Herbivore Interactions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Dandelion ◽  
Beta Glucosidase ◽  
Insect Gut ◽  
Root Herbivore ◽  
Plant Herbivore

Gut enzymes can metabolize plant defense metabolites and thereby affect the growth and fitness of insect herbivores. Whether these enzymes also influence herbivore behavior and feeding preference is largely unknown. We studied the metabolization of taraxinic acid β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (TA-G), a sesquiterpene lactone of the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) that deters its major root herbivore, the common cockchafer larva (Melolontha melolontha). We demonstrate that TA-G is rapidly deglycosylated and conjugated to glutathione in the insect gut. A broad-spectrum M. melolontha β-glucosidase, Mm_bGlc17, is sufficient and necessary for TA-G deglycosylation. Using plants and insect RNA interference, we show that Mm_bGlc17 reduces TA-G toxicity. Furthermore, Mm_bGlc17 is required for the preference of M. melolontha larvae for TA-G deficient plants. Thus, herbivore metabolism modulates both the toxicity and deterrence of a plant defense metabolite. Our work illustrates the multifacteted roles of insect digestive enzymes as mediators of plant-herbivore interactions.

scholarly journals The Influence of pH on Microspore Embryogenesis of White Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Oana CRISTEA
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Microspore Culture ◽  
Microspore Embryogenesis ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
In Vitro Microspore Culture ◽  
Influence Of Ph

In vitro microspore culture is one of the top techniques utilised now-a-days for the obtaining of double haploid plants in many plant species, including Brassica. The pH of the medium is a critical factor for the success of In vitro microspore culture as it influences the invertase enzyme activity, translated at cellular level through an acceleration or reduction of sucrose cleavage. The results published until now shows rather contradictory findings, as the response of microspores have been proved to be highly depending on genotypes, most of them being focused on Brassica napus. Thus, in the present study, the effect of different NLN liquid medium pH, ranging between 5.0 to 7.0 were tested in order to establish the most suitable pH for the expression of embryogenic competences of microspores cultivated on medium In vitro and ultimately for the obtaining of microspore-derived embryos. Among the 11 values of pH tested, the best results were obtained on variants with pH 5.8 and 6.0, both in what concern the maintaining of microspores viability and the number of microspore-derived embryos. The findings of the present study provide a strong base for the establishment of an efficient protocol for the In vitro culture of microspore at Brassica oleracea L. genotypes with Romanian origin.

scholarly journals Kandungan Antioksidan pada Kubis Merah (Brassica oleracea L.) Dan Aplikasinya Pada Pembuatan Kerupuk

METANA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aldila Sagitaning Putri ◽  
Endang i Bekti Kristiani ◽  
Sri Haryati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Red Cabbage ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
Tapioca Flour ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Kubis Merah (Brassica oleracea L.) merupakan salah satu hasil pertanian yang mengandung kandungan antosianin yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali potensi kubis merah sebagai antioksidan alami pada kerupuk kubis merah. Tahapan dari penelitian ini adalah pembuatan kerupuk kubis merah dengan berbagai formulasi tepung tapioka dan kubis merah, uji organoleptik serta penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar antosianin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan dari kubis merah dan kerupuk kubis merah sebesar. Dari uji organoleptik yang paling disukai panelis adalah perlakuan T2K1 yaitu 150 gram tapioka dan 50 gram kubis mera yang memiliki kadar air sebesar 15,49%, kadar abu 1,18%, kadar protein 1,48%, kadar lemak 16,55%, antosianin 1,31% dan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 23,93%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kerupuk kubis merah memiliki potensi sebagai sumber antioksidan. Antioxidant content  in Red Cabbage  (Brassica oleracea L.) and Application In The Making of Crackers Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is one of the agricultural products containing anthocyanin content that has potential as antioxidant. The purpose of  this study was to explore the potential of red cabbage as a natural antioxidant in red cabbage crackers. The stages of this research are the manufacture of red cabbage crackers with various formulations of tapioca flour and red cabbage, organoleptic test and the determination of antioxidant activity and anthocyanin levels. The results showed that antioxidant activity of red cabbage and red cabbage cracker amounted to. The most preferred organoleptic test of panelist is T2K1 treatment which is 150 g tapioca and 50 g of red cabbage which has water content 15,49%, ash content 1,18%, protein content 1,48%, fat content 16,55%, antocyanin 1.31% and antioxidant activity of 23.93%. Thus it can be concluded that red cabbage crackers have the potential as a source of antioxidants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document