scholarly journals Organ-Tissue Level Model of Resting Energy Expenditure Across Mammals: New Insights into Kleiber's Law

ISRN Zoology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZiMian Wang ◽  
Junyi Zhang ◽  
Zhiliang Ying ◽  
Steven B. Heymsfield
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
Kleiber’S Law ◽  
Resting Energy

Background. Kleiber’s law describes the quantitative association between whole-body resting energy expenditure (REE, in kcal/d) and body mass (M, in kg) across mature mammals as REE =70.0×M0.75. The basis of this empirical function is uncertain. Objectives. The study objective was to establish an organ-tissue level REE model across mammals and to explore the body composition and physiologic basis of Kleiber’s law. Design. We evaluated the hypothesis that REE in mature mammals can be predicted by a combination of two variables: the mass of individual organs/tissues and their corresponding specific resting metabolic rates. Data on the mass of organs with high metabolic rate (i.e., liver, brain, heart, and kidneys) for 111 species ranging in body mass from 0.0075 (shrew) to 6650 kg (elephant) were obtained from a literature review. Results. REEp predicted by the organ-tissue level model was correlated with body mass (correlation r=0.9975) and resulted in the function REEp=66.33×M0.754, with a coefficient and scaling exponent, respectively, close to 70.0 and 0.75 (P>0.05) as observed by Kleiber. There were no differences between REEp and REEk calculated by Kleiber’s law; REEp was correlated (r=0.9994) with REEk. The mass-specific REEp, that is, (REE/M)p, was correlated with body mass (r=0.9779) with a scaling exponent −0.246, close to −0.25 as observed with Kleiber’s law. Conclusion. Our findings provide new insights into the organ/tissue energetic components of Kleiber’s law. The observed large rise in REE and lowering of REE/M from shrew to elephant can be explained by corresponding changes in organ/tissue mass and associated specific metabolic rate.

Effects of Television on Metabolic Rate: Potential Implications For Childhood Obesity

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
Robert C. Klesges ◽  
Mary L. Shelton ◽  
Lisa M. Klesges
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resting Energy

The effects of television viewing on resting energy expenditure (metabolic rate) in obese and normal-weight children were studied in a laboratory setting. Subjects were 15 obese children and 16 normal-weight children whose ages ranged from 8 to 12 years. All subjects had two measures of resting energy expenditure obtained while at rest and one measurement of energy expenditure taken while viewing television. Results indicated that metabolic rate during television viewing was significantly lower (mean decrease of 211 kcal extrapolated to a day) than during rest. Obese children tended to have a larger decrease, although this difference was not statistically significant (262 kcal/d vs 167 kcal/d, respectively). It was concluded that television viewing has a fairly profound lowering effect of metabolic rate and may be a mechanism for the relationship between obesity and amount of television viewing.

scholarly journals Physical activity and energy balance

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3a) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen A. Van Baak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Resting Energy

AbstractEnergy expenditure rises above resting energy expenditure when physical activity is performed. The activity-induced energy expenditure varies with the muscle mass involved and the intensity at which the activity is performed: it ranges between 2 and 18 METs approximately. Differences in duration, frequency and intensity of physical activities may create considerable variations in total energy expenditure. The Physical Activity Level (= total energy expenditure divided by resting energy expenditure) varies between 1.2 and 2.2–2.5 in healthy adults. Increases in activity-induced energy expenditure have been shown to result in increases in total energy expenditure, which are usually greater than the increase in activity-induced energy expenditure itself. No evidence for increased spontaneous physical activity, measured by diary, interview or accelerometer, was found. However, this does not exclude increased physical activity that can not be measured by these methods. Part of the difference may also be explained by the post-exercise elevation of metabolic rate.If changes in the level of physical activity affect energy balance, this should result in changes in body mass or body composition. Modest decreases of body mass and fat mass are found in response to increases in physical activity, induced by exercise training, which are usually smaller than predicted from the increase in energy expenditure. This indicates that the training-induced increase in total energy expenditure is at least partly compensated for by an increase in energy intake. There is some evidence that the coupling between energy expenditure and energy intake is less at low levels of physical activity. Increasing the level of physical activity for weight loss may therefore be most effective in the most sedentary individuals.

scholarly journals P566 Impact of induction therapy and clinical remission on resting energy expenditure in children with Crohn’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S526-S527
Author(s):  
G Kornitzer ◽  
J Breton ◽  
P Poinsot ◽  
D Godin ◽  
K Grzywacz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Biochemical Response ◽  
Resting Energy

Abstract Background Crohn’s Disease (CD) is known to affect nutritional status and linear growth in affected children. Patients with CD often have decreased oral intake, malabsorption, and increased intestinal losses. Basal metabolic rate may be affected by chronic inflammation and states of anorexia or malnutrition in these patients. In this study, our aim was to compare the effect of different induction regimens in children with CD on resting energy expenditure (REE) and nutritional status. Methods We recruited patients under 18 years old with new-onset CD or relapse, diagnosed at our centre over a three-year period from July 2016. Patients included had one of the following induction regimens: corticosteroids, exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), or anti-TNF therapy (Infliximab). REE was assessed at baseline and 6 to 8 weeks after induction. REE (kcal/d) was measured using an open-circuit indirect calorimeter with computerized metabolic cart (Vmax Encore, Vyaire Medical). Secondary outcomes included anthropometrics and clinical and biochemical response, defined by improved wPCDAI and negative inflammatory markers and fecal calprotectin, respectively. Results 17 patients were enrolled and 8 patients excluded (loss to follow-up (n=3), therapeutic change (n=3), revised diagnosis (n=2)). 9 patients completed REE assessments (44.4% anti-TNF (n=4), 44.4% EEN (n=4), 11.1% corticosteroid (n=1)). 3 out of 4 patients on anti-TNF had clinical and biochemical response, while only 1 of 4 patients responded to EEN. For patients in the EEN group, mean BMI change was +0.9 (SD 0.4), compared to +0.4 (SD 1.1) in the anti-TNF group. There was no difference in REE change between treatment groups. Data was then pooled based on response to treatment. 100% of non-responders had increased per cent of predicted REE (REEPP), while 75% of responders decreased their REEPP. Mean REEPP change in non-responders was +12.5% (1, 22) vs. -4.3% (-10, 6) in responders. Figure I. Relationship between REE and weight at baseline and on follow-up in non-responders. Figure II. Relationship between REE and weight at baseline and on follow-up in responders. Conclusion Our results suggest that induction regimen did not impact REE change on follow-up. In our patients, clinical response to therapy was related to a tendency to decrease REE. Patients who did not achieve remission after induction therapy increased their REE. We suspect that this increase in basal metabolic rate is related to persistent inflammation despite improved nutritional status. Further studies with larger patient populations are needed to infer significance and compare subgroups based on body composition.

scholarly journals Larger mass of high-metabolic-rate organs does not explain higher resting energy expenditure in children

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1506-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Hsu ◽  
Stanley Heshka ◽  
Isaac Janumala ◽  
Mi-Yeon Song ◽  
Mary Horlick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Energy

scholarly journals The relationship between organ-tissue body composition and resting energy expenditure in prepubertal children

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1149-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Midorikawa ◽  
Yuki Hikihara ◽  
Megumi Ohta ◽  
Takafumi Ando ◽  
Suguru Torii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resting Energy
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